Chapitre 03:
Introduction à la
Technologie GPON
Contents
GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies
2
GPON Technology Standard-G.984 Series
ITU-T G.984.1 ITU-T G.984.2
• GPON general characteristics • Physical Media Dependent(PMD) layer
• Protection switchover requirements specification
• Optical interfaces specification for
2.488Gbit/s downstream/1.244 Gbit/s
upstream
• Physical layer overhead definition
ITU-T G-984.1/2/3/4
ITU-T G.984.3
• Transmission Convergence layer
specification
ITU-T G.984.4
• GTC multiplex structure and protocol
• ONT management and control
• GTC frame structure definition
interface(OMCI) specification
• Specification of the ONU registration
• OMCI equipment management
method and various clarifications
architecture
• DBA specification
• OMCI principle introduction
• Alarms and performance
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GPON System Architecture
ONT
OLT
Service Network G.652
ONT
Splitte
SNI
r
ONT CPN
NMS
Logical split ratio: 1:128
Line Rate:
● 155 Mb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s 20km
down
● 622 Mb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s Logical reach: 60km
down
● 1.25 Gb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s Downlink wavelength: 1490nm
down
● 155Mb/s up, 2.5Gbit/s down
Uplink wavelength:1310nm,
● 622 Mb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down Third party wavelength:1550nm
● 1.25 Gb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s
down
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● 2.5 Gb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down
Components of GPON System
OLT(Optical Line Terminal)
Generically placed in the Central Office
ONU(Optical Network Unit)
Generically placed indoor or outdoor, such as on the desk,
dwelling, in the cabinet, etc. kinds of ONUs for different users
ODN(Optical Distribution Network)
Passive network with kinds of components
OLT ONT
Splitter Distribution Cabinet
CO
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Full Services Access
CATV
PC
FTTH ONU Phone
CATV IPTV
IPTV
Phone
Equipment Room PC
Internet ONU
HGW
WIFI
Laptop
FE/GE/10GE splitter
CO
SS
WDM
FTTB Modem PC
PSTN
E1/T1 OLT C300
Phone
FE/GE
BSC/RNC E1/STM-1
Cross-connection DSLAM
Cabinet of Fiber PC
splitter
Mobile Backhaul FTTO Phone
LAN Switch PC
CBU
HGW IPTV
PBX
Laptop FE/GE/E1 ONU
MDU
Office/Enterprise MDU PC
NodeB/BTS Phone Phone
Handset
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Contents
GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies
7
GPON Downstream/Upstream Dataflow
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GPON Technology Architecture
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Protocol Stack for C/M Plane
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Protocol Stack for U Plane
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The Multiple Service Features for GPON
System
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GPON Frame Structure
125 s
125 s
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Downstream Frame Structure
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Upstream Frame Structure
Upstream GTC frame, 125us
ONU Burst ONU Burst ONU Burst
Allocation Allocation
PLOu PLOu Allocation intervals PLOu
intervals intervals
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GEM Frame Structure
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GPON Multiplexing Architecture
ONU
Optical Network Unit
T-CONT
Transmission Container
GEM Port
GEM ： GPON Encapsulation
Method
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GPON Multiplexing Architecture
vport 01 TDMA
T-Cont 01 GEM Port 01 ETH
PON
PON
T-Cont 02 GEM Port 02 ETH
UPLINK
vport 01 Broadcast
GEM Port 03 ETH
ETH
PON T-Cont n
POTS
GEM Port n POTS
OLT ONU/ONT
Service Port 1 Service 1 – VLAN 01
vport GEM Port
Service Port 2 18 Service 2 – VLAN 02
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Ethernet over GEM
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Contents
GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies
GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security
20
How does DBA function?
T-CONT will report the status of its buffers so as to ask for upstream bandwidth
assignment.
OLT will give corresponding bandwidth to each T-CONT based on their buffer status, and
the assignment will be sent to each T-CONT in the downstream GTC stream.
After receiving the bandwidth assignment, ONU will be responsible to give bandwidth to
each queue of each T-CONT.
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GPON Bandwidth Types
Fixed bandwidth
After the T-CONT is activated, OLT will give it corresponding time slot regardless whether or not T-
CONT has upstream traffic requirement.
Assured bandwidth
The only difference with fixed bandwidth is that assured bandwidth can be shared .
Non-Assured bandwidth
Only after the assignment of fixed and assured bandwidth can non-assured bandwidth get its
share.
Best-Effort bandwidth
Bandwidth with lowest priority. Only after the assignment of fixed, assured and non-assured can
Best-Effort get its share.
Maximum bandwidth
Regardless what the actual upstream demand is, the assignment bandwidth can not exceed
maximum bandwidth.
Equal to the total of fixed, assured, non-assured and Best Efforts bandwidth.
The priority is: fixed> assured >non-assured>best effort.
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T-CONT
T-CONT manages GPON upstream bandwidth assignment
T-CONT contains GEM PORT and report buffer status to related OLT.
T-CONT dynamically receives bandwidth authorization identified by
ALLOC-ID from OLT.
Single T-CONT contains different service level GEM streams.
Single T-CONT provides multiple physical queue and converge to one
logical buffer.
T-CONT is transparent transmission entity, not changing any signal.
OLT grants bandwidth authorization to one T-CONT.
DBA-T-CONT status report describes one T-CONT logical buffer status.
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GPON T-CONT Types
Type 1 only consists of fixed bandwidth with defined time slot, suitable for service such
as E1/T1
Type 2 only consists of assured bandwidth (defined bandwidth without defined time-
slot), suitable for services such as VOD.
Type 3 consists of both assured and non-assured bandwidth, suitable for business
customers.
Type 4 only consists Best Efforts Bandwidth, suitable for for Internet Service.
Type 5 is a mixture of Fixed, Assured and Best Efforts bandwidth, which is suitable for
most
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Contents
GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies
GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security
25
GPON End-End QoS Upstream
Ethernet portGEM port T-CONT GPON MAC Ethernet MAC
Queue 1
SP/WRR Ethernet PORT
Schedule GPON Queue 8
SP/WRR
PORT
Queue 1 Schedule
Ethernet PORT
DBA
Queue 8
802.1p mapping to GEM port
ONT OLT
For upstream, traffic, with different priority, comes from ONT UNI will be classified by 802.1p and
mapped to different GEM port,
GEM port will be connected with specific T-CONT, which is given specific type with different bandwidth
to guarantee the service QoS.
On the OLT, the DBA will adjust the bandwidth of T-CONT dynamically. When traffic is out of GPON Mac,
which will be put into different queue of SNI port according the mapping of 802.1p to queue. High
priority will be put in high queue which will be sent first out of the port.
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GPON End-End QoS Downstream
GPON MAC GPON MAC Ethernet MAC
Ethernet MAC
Queue 1
Traffic
Ethernet PORT
Unit
GPON GPON
Queue 8
PORT PORT
Queue 1
Traffic
Ethernet PORT Unit
Queue 8
ONT OLT
For downstream, traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be
classified by 802.1p and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given
specific type with different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS
On the ONT, traffic out of GPON Mac will be mapped to specific queue
according to the [Link] priority traffic will be sent out first.
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Contents
GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies
GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security
28
Protection of PON-based network
Protection Mechanism of GPON
ONU/ONT #1
N:1 optical
splitter
G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system: PON LT
Fibre duplex system OLT
PON LT
ONU/ONT #N Spare fibre
PON LT
ONU/ONT #1
N:2 optical
PON LT splitter
G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system: OLT
OLT-only duplex system
PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)
ONU/ONT #N
PON LT
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Protection of PON-based network
The Protection of GPON
Double
ONU/ONT #1 N:1 optical
splitter
PON LT (1)
PON LT (0) OLT
G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system:
• Full duplex system PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)
ONU/ONT #N
PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)
G.984.1 – Duplex GPON system:
• Partial duplex system
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Contents
GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies
GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security
31
Encryption of GPON System
Encryption Method:AES-128
Encryption Key Resource: ONU
Encryption Unit: PORT-ID
Encryption Key Update Request:
OLT
Encryption Direction: Downstream
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Thank you
