12/06/2020 Security Level: 内部公开

Training on Aerial Fiber Optical

Cable Engineering

FTTx ODN Service Product R&&D Team

www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 Contents
Introduction

Engineering Materials and Tools

High level Design and Low level Design

Construction Procedure and Technical Points

Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3

Introduction
Routing the optical cables This routing technique is
on the pole is called aerial applicable to the non-backbone
routing. Definition Application optical cables, such as the local
network trunk line engineering,
user cable-distribution
engineering, and access network
aerial
line engineering.
Routing of
Optical
Cable

• Easy routing mode Compared with the duct routing

• Convenient mode, the aerial optical cables are
Advantages Disadvantages
maintenance easy to be affected or damaged by
• Flexible external environment, and to be
• Low construction cost removed resulting from municipal
• Short construction building.

period.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4

Engineering Topology
OLT ODF TB

FDT

SPL ONT

CO Feeder Cable Distribution Cable Drop Cable

Engineering Procedure:
 Pole planting
 Stay wire installation
 Suspension wire routing
 Optical cable routing
 Equipment installation
 Optical cable splicing
 Acceptance and test
aerial optical cable
Installation on the pole
installation and protection

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 5

 Contents
Introduction

Engineering Materials and Tools

High Level Design and Low Level Design

Engineering Procedure and Technical Points

Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 6

Engineering Materials

Pole Staying Wire and Anchor 7 × 2.2 mm Steel Strand Wire

7×2.6 mm Steel Strand Wire Suspension Wire and Hook Staple Bolt

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 7

Aerial Fiber Optical Cables

Outdoor: jelly filling ； aluminum tape armor; HDPE sheath; Outdoor: jelly filling; corrugated steel tape armor; PE inner sheath;
4/8/12/24/36/48/72/96/144 core; single core; G652D; metal or HDPE outer sheath; 4/8/12/24/36/48/72/96/144 core; single core;
non-metallic strengthen member; self-bearing aerial routing. G652D; metal strengthen member; non-self-bearing aerial routing.

Outdoor: ADSS optical cable, all dielectric optical cable, Outdoor: OPGW optical cable, with anti-electromagnetic inference
supporting self-bearing routing, resisting high voltage, and capacity and light deadweight, and available to be installed at the
available to be routed on high-voltage poles. top of the power transmission towers.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 8

Engineering Tools
Tool Function and Application Picture

Engineering personnel use it to climb

Grappler
poles.

Engineering personnel use it to hang

Pulley block optical cables up on suspension
wires.

Fasten suspension wires or stay

Wire fastener
wires

Fasten suspension wires or stay

5-ton chain hoist
wires

Other engineering
Common tools for digging holes
tools

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 9

 Instruments and Related Materials

Optical time domain reflectometer Fiber splicer Stable optical signal tester Optical power meter

Photophone or interphone Optical fiber identifier Insulation resistance tester Insulation strength tester

Earth resistance tester Fiber connection tools Cable core connection identifier Cable barrier tester

Absolute ethanol Pledget or cellulose paper Tent 1 kW generator

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 10

 Contents
Introduction

Engineering Materials and Tools

High Level Design and Low Level Design

Engineering Procedure and Technical Points

Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 11

Construction Procedure

Design Construction
Construction Test and
Preliminary Pole Optical Cable Optical Cable Terminal
Drawing As-built
Design Installation Installation Connection Connection
Design Acceptance

Pole measuring Route optical Lay optical Connect enter- Test the
Route survey Detailed survey
cables or fasten cable office optical characteristics of
Make the Pole planting connectors cables on ODF optical fibers
them to the
Determine the detailed Stay wire bottom of the within a range Connect on Make as-built
construction construction installing suspension of 50 cm near closures, technical
solution solution wires manually the poles terminal of documents
Lightning wire
Output the and grounding or mechanically Protect the distributing
Output BOQ Engineering
and deliver it to construction wire installing Reserve enough connectors boxes acceptance
the subcontract drawing and suspension optical cable on Reserve 20 m Protect the
department for wire routing the pole optical cables grounding
investment on both sides
assessment of the
connectors

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 12

1. Purposes and Contents
High Level Design Low Level Design

Purposes:
Purposes:
 Function as the overall tentative plan for the technology
 Guide the engineering and provide engineering
of the engineering project;
standards;
 Prepare for organization and arrangement before
 Make engineering budgets to provide the basis for
engineering;
contract signing;
 Determine the investment amount to provide the basis
 Facilitate the completion and the settlement of the
for engineering bidding invitation.
engineering.
Contents:
Contents:
 Discuss the engineering construction reasons and
 Put forward the detailed measures (engineering
solutions;
equipment configuration, engineering technical
 Implement type selection of equipment, by adopting
measures) for engineering construction;
major technical measures to analyze and study the
 Work out a cutover scheme for the new and previous
technical and economic specifications and by comparing
system;
the solutions and selecting a preferred solution;
 Make construction drawings;
 Focus on comparing and selecting the overall
 Make engineering budgets;
construction solution to the project and estimating the
 Make drawings and budgets of big engineering projects.
investment budget.

Note: HLD is usually prepared prior to the pre-bidding phase. The slides place emphasis on LLD.

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 2. Preparations for Survey
Start

1 2 3
Set up Hold the design Preparations for survey
Workshop coordination meeting designing

1. Set up Workshop
Set up the project team according to the project scale and the project distribution
after the project contract is signed.
2. Hold the design coordination meeting
Organize and hold the design coordination meeting to negotiate about the plan for
survey designing, determine the preparatory work, designate relevant leaders.
3. Preparations for survey designing
Make preparations such as collecting area division information, existing network
information, different kinds of maps, obtaining the permission to survey, drawing
the schemes ， arranging survey tools, and preliminarily determining the routing
information and installation positions of equipment.

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3. Designing
N

4 5 6 Review 7
and approve the Y
On-site detailed Confirm with
Detailed designing detailed End
survey customers in writing
designing

4. On-site detailed survey

Determine the following information: routing direction and span, coverage areas of the equipment, information
about obstacles, and the distance from the existing facilities.
5. Detailed designing
The designing covers the details about the following items: aerial optical cable routing, type selection of poles, stay
wires, suspension wires and aerial optical cables, fiber core allocation solution and installation position of the
equipment.
6. Review and approve the detailed designing
The detailed designing is review and approved in two phases. In the first phase, the designing subcontractor
delivers the detailed designing documents to Huawei Planning and Design manager for reviewing and approval. In
the second phase, Huawei delivers the documents to customers for reviewing and approval.
7. Confirm with customers in writing
The written approval of customers about the detailed designing documents indicates the official delivery of the
designing work.
Note: Before designing, make good preparations for the pilot site construction, confirm with customers in writing about the following items: the
designing methods, regulations, concepts, acceptance standard, and content and format of the delivery documents. The work helps avoid the
rework in the follow-up engineering.

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 4. Designing Tool—iManager MDS6690
 Integrate Huawei delivery experiences in the
Coverage area global market:
User density Automatically finish network planning and
Service design and make budgets of cost and link loss
requirement  Automatically generate multiple solutions to
Penetration rate network construction:
…… Select the required solution based on the
Network construction HLD comparison between the cost and the network
scalability
requirements of customers

iManager MDS6690 FTTx Network Designing Tools （ only supporting ODN planning and design at present ）

 Import GIS map  Design that satisfies different scenario

LLD  Civil work planning requirements and utilizes the existing network:
 ODN network designing  FTTH / FTTB / FTTC / FTTM / FTTO
 Generate construction  Optical splitting design that satisfies different
drawings
Site survey scenario requirements:
 High-rise Building / Villa / Multi-story Building

 Capacity expansion design and upgrade design that satisfy different requirements

 Design that satisfies different protection requirements (Different protection modes can be selected
according to the budget and customer requirements):
 Optical fiber backup/ OLT port / link backup/ full backup/ combined backup

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 16

5. Design Output
After FTTx network designing tool finishes the engineering design, the tool
automatically outputs different kinds of tables and figures for reference:
 Construction drawing of aerial optical
cable engineering
 Optical cable routing drawing
 Optical fiber routing table
 Allocation drawing of equipment
terminals and fiber cores
 Estimate table of optical link loss
 Equipment list
 BOQ of service and product

Generation of plan drawing:

At present, the ODN design is realized by using ODN network
planning and design tools. The tools can generate documents based
on the plan drawing input by the operation personnel. In this way, one-
stop services are available in network construction.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 17

 Contents

Introduction

Engineering Materials and Tools

High Level Design and Low Level Design

Engineer Procedure and Technical Points

Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 18

1. Digging Holes
The routing direction of poles, the distance between two adjacent poles, the hole depth, the pole height,
and the position of stay wires shall meet the engineering design requirements. The distance between two
adjacent poles is 35 m to 55 m.
The depth of stay wire hole:
Formation of Normal Hard Soil Paddy Field litho-Soil Cement/Asp
the Stay Wire Soil halt
7/2.2 1.4 m 1.3 m 1.5 m 1.0 m 0.9 m

7/2.6 1.5 m 1.4 m 1.6 m 1.1 m 1.0 m

7/3.0 1.6 m 1.5 m 1.7 m 1.2 m 1.1 m

Depth of the holes:

Pole Length Normal Soil Hard Soil Paddy Field litho-Soil Cement/Asp
halt
7.0 m 1.4 m 1.3 m 1.5 m 1.0 m 0.9 m

8.0 m 1.5 m 1.4 m 1.6 m 1.2 m 1.1 m

9.0 m 1.6 m 1.5 m 1.7 m 1.4 m 1.2 m

10.0m 1.7m 1.6m 1.8m 1.6 m 1.5 m

Note: The preceding data is for reference only. The specific standard shall be based on the local specifications.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 19

2. Planting Poles
Cautions:
• Put several rubbles at the bottom of holes in advance.
• Plant the pole in the hole by manpower or machine under
the sufficient and careful protection.
• During the compaction, first put larger stones, and then
the small one, keep putting while compacting.
• Pay full attention to personnel safety and their
coordination.

Pole Temporary
Material Pole Planting Calibration
Selection  Design and determine Protection
the position of stay Ensure that the Make protection
Cement pole or
wires based on bottom and top for the newly
construction drawing.
wooden pole of a pole are in a planted poles
 Dig the hole based on
specifications straight line.

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3. Installing Stay Wires  The angle of the line shall be
between 30° and 60°. The
formation of stay wires shall be
one-level higher than that of
suspension wires (7 x 2.6 mm).
Used to balance the line stress to  When the angle of the line is
larger than 60°, a new stay wire is
ensure the stability of the pole.
added and the formation of stay
The types of stay wires are wires shall be one-level higher
diagonal single stay wires, double than that of suspension wires (7 x
stay wires, quadruple stay wires, 2.6 mm).
 Set quadruple stay wires every 16
stay poles, and stay wires with a
poles.
high pile.
Function Technique Point  When stay wires cannot be
installed, use stay poles or stay
wires with a high pile instead of
them.

Composition

Stay wires consist of anchor, steel strand,

liner ring, and double-trough splint.

Note: The preceding data is for reference only. The specific standard shall be based on the local specifications.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 21

4. Routing Suspension Wires
Function: Support the aerial optical cables
Composition: Steel strand wire, Three-hole single-groove splint, and iron hoop

Material Selection Figure-8 Coiling Suspension

Wire Routing
The 7x2.2/2.6/3.0 galvanized The maximum sag of the
Coil the steel strand as
steel strands are usually used as suspension wire is in direct
suspension wires. The optical figure-8, that is, first coiling
proportion to the span of the
cable hooks are usually made of in one direction of 1 km,
poles. aerial optical cable is
galvanized metal parts or plastic and then the other direction
fixed by iron hoops to the
parts. Splints and iron hoops of 1 km.
single suspension wire.
need to be galvanized.

Suspension Wire Auxiliary Fastening Suspension Wire

Check Tightening
• Suspension wires shall be
 Hang and drag the After fastening the tightened by mechanical
suspension wire by the suspension wires, tighten method.
• For the straight line, tighten
them with proper tightness
thick rope. one time every 500 m. For
that meets the requirement.
 Strike the steel strand the curved line, tighten at
the place where an angle
wire
pole stands.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 22

5. Routing the Aerial Fiber Optical Cable
Procedure:
1) Checking the cable 2 ） Configuring the optical 3 ） Hanging the Optical 4 ） Reserving the
drum cable Optical Cable
Cable
 Check the package of the  Choose proper hooks to fix
cable drum and the A/B  Select the routing areas to the suspended aerial optical
 Reserve proper optical
port level of the optical reduce the connectors cables. The pattern of the cables based on the
cables. based on the length of the hooks is determined by the specification and design
 Check the physical design. requirements.
delivered cable drum.  The interval between two
features of the optical  Connectors of the optical
 Consider the construction hooks is 50 cm with 3 cm
cable. cables shall be put near
condition of the optical deviation. The first hook on
 Use the OTDR meter to or on the poles.
cable connectors . each side of the pole is 25
test the attenuation and cm far from the splint of the
the length of every suspension wire with 2 cm
delivered cable drum deviation.

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6.Installing Equipment

ODF Installation FDT Installation Closure Installation FAT Installation

 The OSP equipment to be installed contains ODF, FDT, FAT, and closure.
 For the steps of Huawei ODN equipment installation, download the installation
pocket manual on the W3 website based on the product type.
 For the steps of non-Huawei equipment installation, customers shall provide the
installation guide.

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 7. Splicing Optical Cables: Construction Procedure
Copper Strength Equipment
Fiber Fiber
Preparation Conducting Wire Member Encapsulation
Splicing Coiling
Connection Connection

On the basis that the After the splicing, coil

• Prepare for splicer. If the optical cables
length of the • Place desiccants in
reserved optical • Make bare optical the extra fibers in the Clamp the strength
contain copper
cables meets the fiber drum to ensure member based on the aerial protective
fiber. conducting wires,
requirements, the • Put on heat-shrink that the coiling the closure to cap.
stripping length is they can be • The junction of the
pipe on the fiber. direction is the same ensure that it can
determined by the connected by aerial closure needs
• Splice the optical and the curvature bear the same
optical cable wrapping, soldering to be moisture-free.
structure, selected fiber tensile force as the
radius of the drum
equipment and • Heat the heat- or connectors. optical cables.
meets the
relevant shrink pipe.
technologies. requirements.

Peel optical Clean fiber Cut optical Splice optical Fix optical Install connector
cables. cores. fibers. fibers. cables. boxes.

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8. Protecting the Optical Cable: Lightning-Proof
• To protect the aerial optical cables, lightning wires shall be installed on the following poles

• Terminal poles, the five poles near the central office

• Angle poles, poles that are more than 12 m high
• Poles that stand on the top of hills
• Poles that stand in the areas abundant in thunder-storm
• Every five-to-ten poles
• Old poles that re-suffer from lightning stroke

• Grounding the lightning wire:

• Lightning wire is usually made of 4 mm-diameter galvanized iron wire with, of which the
upper side is 10 cm higher than the top of the pole and the lower side can be soldered
to directly connect to the ground wire.
• For the poles with stay wires, the 4 mm-diameter galvanized iron wire is used as the
lightning wire on the top, but its lower part is connected to the stay wires.

• Grounding resistance:

• Grounding resistance is about 20 to 35 ohms.

Note: The preceding data is for reference only. The specific standard shall be based on the local specifications.

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9. Numbering the Poles

Number the poles to

facilitate the maintenance.

Purpose

Mark the number on the

pole as the routing
direction.
The marked number shall
be normative, clear, and
Method enduring.

Note

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10. Risks of the Aerial F. O. Cable Engineering
For the construction in the area with poor
transport facilities, it is necessary to consider
the construction period delayed and cost raised
by the transportation

Transport
Due to the construction
period, cost, and engineering
quality of the aerial optical Climate has an effect on the
cable are varied on different construction period and cost. In
geography, so it is necessary addition, different climate has
to adjust the construction Geography Climate different requirements for the
according to specific design and material.
geography.

Risks

As an important factor, Subsidy Material

subsidy implementation shall The material provider must obtain
be based on the relevant laws a certification, because the
and regulations during the material quality has a direct effect
design and construction. on the construction period, quality
hazard and engineering cost.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 28

 Contents
Introduction

Engineer Materials and Tools

High Level Design and Low Level Design

Engineering Procedure and Technical Points

Test, Acceptance and Document Delivery

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 29

Engineering Testing and Acceptance

Engineering Testing
and Acceptance

On site check:
 Pole planting
Check on completion:
 Stay wire installation
 Engineering completion
 Suspension wire
drawing
installation Testing:  Records of optical cable
 Optical cable routing  Features of the optical fiber
test
 Electrical features  Records of electrical test
 Other materials

Note: The items to be tested and accepted shall be determined based on

relevant acceptance standards and design requirements.

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 On Site Acceptance
Pole Check
1. Position of poles and depth of holes
2. Sag of poles
3. Position of angle poles
4. Specification and quality of the equipment
installed at the bottom of the pole
5. Compaction around the poles
6. Pole ID
Stay Wire Check Aerial Optical Cable Check

1. Specification, formation, and quality of 1. Specification and formation of optical

the stay wires cables
2. Direction of the stay wires and 2. Interval between hooks
specification of fastening 3. Quality of optical cable routing
3. Quality of anchors involving its 4. Quality of optical cable splicing
production and its burying depth 5. Installation quality and protection of
4. Backfill the stay wire holes and for optical cable connectors
5. Spacing-height ratio of stay wires or Suspension Wire Check 6. Quality of reserved optical cables
stay bars and its bending radius
1. Specification of suspension wires
6. Specification and quality of the stay 7. Safe distance from other equipment
2. Installation position
bars 3. Quality of joint part
7. Specification and quality 4. Quality of the accessory equipment
of the junction between of suspension wires
stay bars and poles 5. Sag of suspension wires

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 Testing

Optical Fiber Feature Testing

① Contents:
• Optical fiber attenuation
• Average connector loss of the optical
fiber
• Backscatter signal curve of the optical
fiber Electrical Performance Testing
② Requirements for the tested data (Optional)
• The attenuation value of the optical fiber
shall be the average of the values of ① Contents:
• Test the DC resistance of the copper
dual-directional tests.
• No exception occurs to the backscatter conductor.
• Test the insulation resistance of the
signal curve.
• Record all the specific test results copper conductor
• Test the grounding resistance
② Requirements for the tested data
• The tested value shall comply with the
standard of the copper conductor
performance
• The grounding resistance of the
grounding cable is 20-35 ohms.
• Record all the specific
test results

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Completion Acceptance: Technical Documents

Optical cable routing drawing,

1 topology drawing, and fiber core
allocation drawing.

Completion Drawing

Completion Test Records of fiber attenuation

Record of the statistics, connector loss test, line
2
Optical Cable attenuation test, and backscatter
signal curve check

Electrical Test Record

Other Information 3 Records of sheath ground insulation

resistance test, grounding resistance
test, and loop resistance test.
4

• Notification of design modification

• Reports of commencement, suspension, return to work, and completion
• Engineering negotiation summary
• Concealed work visa and tables are all executed based on the regulations agreed with the
customers.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 33
Thank you
www.huawei.com