Security Level:
GPON Fundamentals
www.huawei.com
Technical Team from FTTH
Marketing Department
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.
Huawei Confidential
Contents
Basic Concepts of PON
Overview of Optical Access Network
Analysis of GPON Standards
GPON Key Technologies
GPON Management and Service Provisioning
Basic Services over GPON Network
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Basic Concepts of PON
This chapter describes the basic concepts and working principle of
PON network. After reading it, you will have a preliminary understanding
on the PON network.
This chapter introduces the basic architecture, upstream and
downstream working principle of the PON network.
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What is PON?
Passive Optical Network
Passive Optical
Splitter
Optical Line Terminal
ONU
ONU
PSTN
Internet
OLT
Passive Optical
Splitter
ONU
Optical Network Unit
CATV
PON is a kind of passive optical network featuring one-to-multiple-point
architecture;
PON is short for Passive Optical Network ;
PON consists of Optical Line Terminal (OLT), Optical Network Unit (ONU) and
Passive Optical Splitter.
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Why GPON?
<1Mbps 3M
Access
Technology
100M
VDSL / ADSL2+
PON
Copper Based
Copper Based
Fiber Based
<2km
VoD
HDTV
Game
2003
BD
~5km
<1km
Internet
Video conferencing
Remote control
2002
25M
ADSL/ADSL2+
Coverage
<3km
diameter
Service
requirement
s
8M
Live TV
VoD
HDTV
2006
2010
Time
GPON Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks
GPON supports Triple play service, providing competitive all-service solution.
GPON supports high-bandwidth transmission to break down the bandwidth
bottleneck of the access over twisted pair cables, so as to satisfy the
requirements of high-bandwidth services, such as IPTV and live TV broadcasts.
GPON supports the long-reach (up to 20 km) service coverage to overcome the
obstacle of the access technology over twisted pair cables and reduce the
network nodes.
With complete standards and high technical requirements, GPON supports
integrated services in a good way.
GPON is the choice of large carriers in the international market.
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Concepts
APON: ATM Passive Optical Networks
EPON: Ethernet Passive Optical Networks
GE-PON: Giga-bit Ethernet Passive Optical Networks
GPON: Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks
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GPON Principle----Data Multiplexing
GPON adopts Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology, facilitating bi-direction
communication over a single fiber.
1490nm
1310nm
To separate upstream/downstream signals of multiple users over a single fibre, GPON adopts
two multiplexing mechanism:
In downstream direction, data packets are transmitted in a broadcast manner;
In upstream direction, data packets are transmitted in a TDMA manner.
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GPON Principle----Downstream Data
Broadcast mode
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GPON Principle----Upstream Data
TDMA mode
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Comparison Between GPON and EPON
GPON
EPON
Standard
ITU.T
IEEE
Rate
2.488G/1.244G
1.25G/1.25G
Split ration
1:64~1:128
1:16~1:32
Data encapsulation mode
GEM/ATM
Ethernet
Broadband efficiency
92%
72%
Line encoding
NRZ
8B/10B
Power budget
Class A/B/C
Px10/Px20
Ranging
Equalized logical reach
RTT
by adjusting EqD
DBA
Standard format
Defined by vendors
TDM support
CESoP / Native
CESoP
ONT interconnectivity
OMCI
None
OAM
powerful
Weak, extended by vendors
Application mode
Multi-service/ FTTx
Pure data service
Maturity
Large vendors involved
Small vendors involved
Choice of carriers
Carriers
Enterprise Intranet
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Overview of Optical Access Network
This chapter describes the architecture of the optical access network.
After reading it, you will have a understanding on the FTTx network.
Besides, this chapter describes various devices applied in the FTTx
network and you can get a knowledge of those devices applied in the
optical access network.
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Architecture of Optical Access Network
Customer
Premise
CO
BA
DSLAM
3.5-5km
Remote Business
xDSL 2~20Mbps
ODN
Curb
m
250-700
overage
Urban C
2.5Gbps Down /1.25Gbps Up
FTTC
OLT
MDU
Multi-Dwelling Unit
2.5Gbps Down /1.25Gbps Up
FTTB
OLT
ONU
Optical Networks Unit
2.5Gbps Down /1.25Gbps Up
FTTH
OLT
ONT
Optical Networks Termination
Optical Line Termination
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What is Optical Access Network?
From the architecture diagram, the optical access network comprises the following
scenarios:
1. FTTB scenario
As an access scenario for business users, Fiber to The Business (FTTB) scenario falls
into single business unit (SBU) and Business Multi-tenant unit (MTU) in terms of capacity.
Of them, SBU provides a comparatively small number of ports, including following types:
POTS, 10/100/1000BASE-T, RF(33dBmV), and DS1/T1/E1 ports; MTU provides a
comparatively larger number of ports, including following types: POTS,
10/100/1000BASE-T, RF and DS1/T1/E1 ports.
2. FTTC & FTTCab scenario
As an access to the curb or the cabinet over fibre, Fiber to The Curb& Fiber to The
Cabinet (FTTC & FTTCab) scenario is for the Multi-dwelling unit (MDU), providing a
comparatively larger number of ports, including following types: 10/100/1000BASE-T,
RF(33dBmV), VDSL2, and so on.
3. FTTH scenario
As an access to the home over fibre, Fiber to The Home (FTTH ) scenario is mainly for
the single family unit (SFU), providing a comparatively small number of ports, including
following types: POTS, 10/100/1000BASE-T, and RF(18dBmV).
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Analysis of GPON Standards
This chapter analyses major GPON standards. After reading it,
you will have a understanding on the module reference, performance,
frame structure, as well as basic terms of GPON network, such
as GEM, port and T-CONT.
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GPON Standards
ITU-T G.984.2
ITU-T G.984.1
Specifications of ODN parameters
Specifications of 2.488Gbps downstream optical port
Specifications of 1.244Gbps upstream optical port
Overhead allocation at physical layer
Parameter description of GPON network
Requirements of protection switch-over
networking
Simple development process
Powerful compatibility
ITU-T G-984.1/2/3/4
ITU-T G.984.3
Specifications of TC layer in the GPON system
GTC multiplexing architecture and protocol
stack
GTC frame
ONU registration and activation
DBA specifications
Alarms and performance
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ITU-T G.984.4
OMCI message format
OMCI device management frame
OMCI working principle
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GPON Network Model Reference
UNI
R/S
ODN
S/R
OLT
ONU/ONT
T reference point IFpon
SNI
WDM
NE
WDM
Optical
splitter
ONU
Optical Network Unit
ONT
Optical Network Terminal
ODN
Optical Distribution Network
OLT
Optical Line Terminal
WDM
Wavelength Division Multiplex Module
NE
Network Element
SNI
Service Node Interface
UNI
User Network Interface
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IFpon
Service node
V reference point
NE
Page 16
Basic Performance Parameters of GPON
GPON identifies 7 transmission speed combination as follows:
0.15552 Gbit/s up, 1.24416 Gbit/s down
0.62208 Gbit/s up, 1.24416 Gbit/s down
1.24416 Gbit/s up, 1.24416 Gbit/s down
0.15552 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
0.62208 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
1.24416 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
2.48832 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
Among them, 1.24416 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down is the mainstream
speed combination supported at current time.
Maximum logical reach: 60 km
Maximum physical reach: 20 km
Maximum differential fibre distance: 20 km
Split ratio: 1 64, it can be up to1 128
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GPON Network Protection Mode
No backup on devices.
When the primary fibre fails, the
services on the fibre transfers to
the secondary fibre.
Service outage occurs, and the
outage duration depends on the
time of line recovery.
When the disconnection occurs to
the line from splitter to ONU,
service outage will occur and no
backup happens.
1 N optical splitter
OLT
IFpon
ONU#1
IFpon
Protected area
Secondary fibre
ONU#N
IFpon
Type A Fibre backup
OLT provides two GPON interfaces.
This type protects the primary fibre.
When the primary fibre fails, the
services on the fibre transfers to the
secondary fibre.
The protected objects are restricted
to the fibre from the OLT to the
ONU and boards of the OLT. For
faults occur to other parts, no
protection is provided. With
potential security problems, it
cannot satisfies customers
requirements.
Fault location fails.
ONU#1
OLT
IFpon
IFpon
2 N optical splitter
IFpon
Protected area
ONU#N
Type B OLT interface backup
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GPON Network Protection Mode
Both the OLT and the ONT
provides two GPON interfaces.
GPON interfaces on the OLT
work in 1:1 mode.
This type is a kind of wholenetwork protection. Two routes
are provided between OLT and
ONU, ensuring recovery of
various faults.
When the primary PON port on
the ONU or user line fails, ONU
automatically transfers services
to the secondary PON port. In
this way, services goes
upstream through the secondary
line and secondary port on the
OLT. Basically, service outage
will not occur.
It is complex to realize it and not
cost-effective.
ONU#1
2 N optical splitter
IFpon
IFpon
OLT
IFpon
IFpon
Whole-network protection
2 N optical
splitter
ONU#N
IFpon
IFpon
Type C All-backup
One port stays at idle state all
the time, causing low bandwidth
utilization.
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GPON Network Protection Mode
OLT provides two
GPON interfaces. The
GPON interfaces work
in 1 1 mode.
This type is a kind of
whole-network
protection. Two routes
are provided between
OLT and ONU,
ensuring recovery of
various faults,
Including faults
occurring on optical
splitters or the line.
It supports using
mixed ONUs in the
network: ONUs either
with a single PON port
or with two PON ports
can be used. Users
can select them based
on the actual needs.
ONU#1
OLT
IFpon
IFpon
1 2 optical
splitter
2 N optical
splitter
IFpon
IFpon
Whole-network
protection
Protected
area of ONUs
with a single port
1 2 optical
splitter
2 N optical
splitter
ONU#
N
IFpon
Type D Mixed backup
It is complex to realize
it and not costeffective.
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GPON Multiplexing Architecture
O
N
U
T-CONT
T-CONT
OLT
Port
Port
Port
ONT
GEM Port
GEM Port
T-CONT
Port
Port
T-CONT
IFpon O
N
U
T-CONT
O
N
U
T-CONT
ONU-ID
identifies
ONUs
Port
Port
Port
Alloc-IDs identifies
T-CONTs
Port-ID
identifies GEM
ports
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GEM Port: the minimum unit for carrying services.
T-CONT: Transmission Containers is a kind of Buffer
that carries services. It is mainly used to transmit
upstream data units. T-CONT is introduced to realize
the dynamic bandwidth assignment of the upstream
bandwidth, so as to enhance the utilization of the line.
IF pon: GPON interface.
Base on the mapping scheme, service traffic is carried
to different GEM ports and then to different T-CONTs.
The mapping between the GEM port and the T-CONT
is flexible. A GEM Port can correspond to a T-CONT; or
multiple GEM Ports can correspond to the same TCONT.
A GPON interface of an ONU contains one or multiple
T-CONTs.
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OLT Functional Blocks
Cross
Service Shell
Connect Shell
PON Core Shell
PON interface
function
PON TC
function
Service
adaptation
Cross
Connection
function
PON interface
function
PON TC
function
Service
adaptation
PON core shell consists of two parts: PON interface function and PON TC function. PON TC
function includes framing, media access control, OAM, DBA, and delineation of Protocol Data
Unit (PDU) for the cross connect function, and ONU management.
The Cross-connect shell provides a communication path between the PON core
shell and the Service shell, as well as cross-connect functionality.
Service Shell provides translation between service interfaces and TC frame
interface of the PON section.
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ONU/ONT Functional Blocks
PON Core Shell
Service Shell
Service
adaptation
PON interface
function
PON TC
function
PON interface
function
PON TC
function
MUX/
DEMUX
Service
adaptation
The functional building blocks of the G-PON ONU are mostly similar to the
functional building blocks of the OLT. Since the ONU operates with only a single
PON Interface (or maximum 2 interfaces for protection purposes), the crossconnect function can be omitted. However, instead of this function, service MUX
and DMUX function is specified to handle traffic.
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Plea
se ref
er to
the re
marks
GPON Frame Structure
Downstream Framing
125us
Physical Control Block
Downstream (PCBd)
Payload
Upstream
Bandwidth Map
ONT1
AllocID
Start
End
AllocID
Start
End
100
200
300
500
OLT
T-CONT1
(ONT 1)
T-CONT 2
(ONT 2)
Slot
Slot
Slot
Slot
100
200
300
500
ONT64
PLOu PLOAMu PLSu DBRu Payload x DBRu Y Payload y
Upstream Framing
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GPON Upstream Frame Structure
Plea
se ref
er to
the re
marks
Upstream Framing
PLI Port ID PTI
HEC
GEM
Frame
GEM
header fragment header
DBA Report
Full
frame
GEM
header
Frame
fragment
Pad if needed
PLOu PLOAMu PLSu DBRu x Payload x DBRu y Payload y
ONT A
PLOu DBRu z Payload z
ONT B
DBA
CRC
1,2,4bytes 1 bytes
PreambleDelimiter BIP ONU-ID Ind
ONU ID
A bytes B bytes 1 bytes 1 bytes 1 bytes
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Msg ID
1 bytes
Message
10 bytes
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CRC
1 bytes
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GPON Downstream Frame Structure
Downstream Framing
Plea
se r
the re efer to
marks
125us
PCBd
n
Psync
4 bytes
Payload
n
PCBd
n+1
Payload
n
Ident
Reserved BIP
Plend
4 bytes 13 bytes 1 bytes 4 bytes
Coverage of this BIP
FEC Ind Reserved Super-frame
1 bit
1 bit Counter 30 bits
Plend
4 bytes
US BW Map
N*8 bytes
Coverage of next BIP
Blen BW MapAlen ATM Partition CRC
Length 12 bits Length 12 bits 8 bits
Access 1 Access 2
8 bytes
8 bytes
Alloc ID
12 bits
Flags
12 bits
SStart
2 bytes
..
SStop
2 bytes
Access n
8 bytes
CRC
1 byte
Send PLS Send PLOAMn Use FEC Send DBRu Reserved
1 bit
1 bit
1 bit
2 bits
7 bits
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Mapping of TDM Service in GPON
TDM Buffer
Ingress buffer
GEM Frame
PLI
Port ID
PTI
HEC
TDM
TDM data
Payload
TDM fragment
TDM frames are buffered and queued as they arrive, then TDM data is multiplexed
in to fixed-length GEM frames for transmission.
This scheme does not vary TDM services but transmit TDM services transparently.
Featuring fixed length, GEM frames benefits the transmission of TDM services .
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Mapping of Ethernet Service in GPON
Ethernet Packet
Inter packet gap
GEM Frame
PLI
Port ID
Preamble
SFD
5 bytes
PTI
CRC
DA
SA
Length\Type
GEM
Payload
MAC client data
FEC
EOF
GPON system resolves Ethernet frames and then directly maps the data of frames
into the GEM Payload.
GEM frames automatically encapsulate header information.
Mapping format is clear and it is easy for devices to support this mapping. It also
boasts good compatibility.
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GPON Key Technologies
This chapter describes GPON key technologies. After reading it,
you will have a understanding on key technologies of GPON, such as
ranging, equalization delay (EqD), dynamic bandwidth assignment (DBA),
QoS and optical power.
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GPON Key Technologies----
Burst Optical/Electric Technology
Continuous transmitting units
Burst transmitting units
0# ONU
1# ONU
1# ONU
0# ONT
0# ONT
Data recovered
0# ONU
Fast-enable and disable ability
Split ratio (>10dB)
Signals arrive at OLT and
threshold is specified
Signals sent from ONT/ONU
Continuous transmitting units
0# ONU
Non- fast AGC receiving
1# ONU
Burst receiving units
0# ONT
Fast AGC receiving
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Threshold line
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GPON Key Technologies----Ranging
OLT obtains the Round Trip Delay (RTD) through ranging process, then specifies
suitable Equalization Delay (EqD) so as to avoid occurrence of collision on optical
splitters.
To acquire the serial number and ranging, OLT needs open a window, that is, Quiet
Zone, and pauses upstream transmitting channels on other ONUs.
Start of D/S Frame
Sstart
'Zero Distance' EqD
Assigned EqD
Pre-Assigned
EqD
Desired Reception
of SN Response
Transmission of S/N Response
Start of U/S Frame
for Pre-ranged ONU
Reception of D/S Frame
U/S BW Map
containing
Ranging Request
Desired Start of
U/S Frame
ONU
Pre-Assigned
Response
EqD
Sstart
Time
Actual Reception
of S/N Resonse
OLT
ONU in
Ranging
state
OLT
ONU1
ONU2
ONU3
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DBA
What is DBA?
--- DBA, Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment
--- DBA is a scheme facilitating dynamic bandwidth assignment at an interval of ns and us.
Why DBA?
--- It enhances the uplink bandwidth utilization of PON ports.
--- More users can be added on a PON port.
--- Users can enjoy higher-bandwidth services, especially those requiring comparatively
greater change in terms of the bandwidth.
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DBA Working Principle
SLA: Service Level Agreement
BW: Bandwidth
Maximum: maximum bandwidth
Guaranteed: guaranteed bandwidth
Minimum: minimum bandwidth
Based on service priorities, the system sets SLA for each ONU, restricting service bandwidth.
The maximum bandwidth and the minimum bandwidth pose limits to the bandwidth of each ONU,
ensuring various bandwidth for services of different priorities. In general, voice service enjoys the
highest, then video service and data service the lowest in terms of service priority.
OLT grants bandwidth based on services, SLA and the actual condition of the ONU. Services of
higher priority enjoy higher bandwidth.
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T-CONT Bandwidth Terms
Transmission Containers (T-CONTs): it dynamically receive grants delivered by
OLT. T-CONTs are used for the management of upstream bandwidth allocation
in the PON section of the Transmission Convergence layer. T-CONTs are
primarily used to improve the upstream bandwidth use on the PON.
T-CONT type falls into FB, AB, NAB, and BE.
Five T-CONT types: Type1, Type2, Type3, Type4, and Type5.
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Relationship Between T-CONT Type and Bandwidth
Type
Type1 T-CONT is of the fixed bandwidth type and mainly used for services sensitive to delay and
services of higher priorities, such as voice services.
Type2 and type3 T-CONT is of the guaranteed bandwidth type and mainly used for video services
and data services of higher priorities.
Type4 is of the best-effort type and mainly used for data services (such as Internet and email), and
services of lower priorities. These services do not require high bandwidth.
Type5 is of the mixed T-CONT type, involving all bandwidth types and bearing all services.
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DBA Operation Modes on ONU
a There are four T-CONT types on ONUs
b There is only Type5 T-CONT on ONUs
Based on T-CONT types, there are two modes in DBA operations.
In mode (a), services are mapped into different T-CONT queues, and then ONU schedules and
outputs the data
waiting
in queues based on the OLT grants.
In mode (b), all services are mapped into type5 queues, and type5 contains four types of subqueues. Then, ONU ONU schedules and outputs the data waiting in queues based on the OLT
grants.
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DBA Operation Process
OLT
ONU
DBA report
DBA algorithm
logic
Control
platform
BW Map
Data
platform
T-CONT
T-CONT
Time slot
Scheduler
T-CONT
DBA block in the OLT constantly collects information from DBA reports, and sends the algorithm
result in the form of BW Map to ONUs .
Based on the BW Map, each ONU sends upstream burst data on time slots specified to themselves
and utilizes the upstream bandwidth.
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Two DBA Operation Modes
SR(Status Reporting )-DBA
OLT
D/S Direction
PCBd
ONT
US BW
Map
Payload
Based on the algorithm result of
last time, OLT delivers BW
Maps in the header of
downstream frames.
U/S Direction
Data
Report
Based on the bandwidth allocation
information, ONU sends the status
report of data currently waiting in
T-CONTs in the specified time
slots.
OLT receives the status report
from the ONU, updates BW Map
through DBA algorithm and the
delivers the new BW Map in the
next frame.
ONU receives the BW Map from
the OLT and sends data in the
specified time slots.
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NSR-DBA Operation
NSR (Non Status Reporting)-DBA
NSR is an algorithm scheme that realizes DBA. It helps to predict the bandwidth
allocated to each ONU based on the traffic from ONUs.
Procedure:
Step1: Monitor the number of cells received by OLT within the specified
interval.
Step2: Use the result of real time monitoring in step 1 to calculate the
utilization rate.
Step3: Recognize the congestion status by comparing the utilization rate
with the specified limits.
D
Dj
Di
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QoS Mechanism of ONU in GPON
VOIP
GPON
VOD
DATA
TDM
Traffic-flow
Service
Scheduling
differentia
And buffer
based on
control
802.1p
Traffic-flow
Service
Scheduling
differentia
And buffer
based on
control
802.1p
Service traffic based on
OLT
GEM Port-id
Splitter
VOIP
GPON
VOD
DATA
TDM
Traffic classification of services based on LAN/802.1p.
Service scheduling based on the combination of strict priority (SP) and Weighted
Round Robin (WRR) algorithms.
Service transmission based on service mapping with different T-CONTs, enhancing line
utilization and reliability.
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QoS Mechanism of OLT in GPON
Ethernet
VOIP
BTV
bridging
GE/10GE
DATA
BSR
TDM
Nonblocking
switching
802.1p
COS
Queuing &
scheduling
GPON
DBA
GPON
OLT
Upstream service
traffic based on
different VLANs
TDM Gateway
PSTN
Traffic classification based on VLAN/802.1p.
Service scheduling based on combination of strict priority (SP) and
Weighted Round Robin (WRR) algorithms.
DBA algorithm, enhancing uplink bandwidth utilization.
Access control list (ACL)-based access control on layers above layer-2.
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AES Encryption in GPON
OLT
1 3 2
1 3 1
Encryption
1 3 2
ONT
End User
1 End User
11
Decryption
1 3 1
EndUser
User
End
22
ONT
Decryption
3
AES: Advanced Encrypt System
A globally-used encryption algorithm
ONT
EndUser
User
End
33
Decryption
OLT applies Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128 encryption.
GPON supports encrypted transmission in downstream direction, such as AES128 encryption.
In the case of GEM fragments, only the payload will be encrypted.
GPON system initiates AES key exchange and switch-over periodically, improving the reliability
of the line.
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FEC
9720 T Ss
D a ta b y te s o f
c o d e w o rd # 1
D a ta b y te s o f
c o d e w o rd # 2
D a ta b y te s o f
c o d e w o rd # 3
PC Bd
D a ta b y te s o f
c o d e w o rd # 4
D a ta b y te s o f
c o d e w o rd # 5
D a ta b y te s
D a ta
b y te s
P a rity
D a ta b y te s
P a r ity
D a ta b y te s
S h o rt
c o d e w o rd
C o d ew o rd
P a r ity
D a ta b y te s
C o d ew o rd
P a r ity
D a ta b y te s
C o d ew o rd
P a r ity
D a ta
b y te s
C o d ew o rd
P a r ity
PCBd
C o d ew o rd
P a rity
C o d ew o rd
D a ta b y te s o f
c o d e w o rd # 6
P a y lo a d (D a ta b y te s )
9108 T Ss
FEC is Forward Error Correction.
It is a algorithm based on Reed-Solomon, a Block based code. FEC code comprises fixed-
length data block and redundancy bits.
Applying FEC algorithm on the transmission layer, GPON will drop the error bit rate of the
line transmission to 10-15, and avoid retransmission of data.
GPON supports FEC in the downstream direction.
Processing of PCBd and Payload improves the transmission quality.
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Huawei Confidential
Page 43
Optical Power Attenuation
Power attenuation calculation of Optical splitter
Input attenuation of optical splitter(<1dB):
(Power_input) - (Power_output of all branch)
Input
1:2 optical
splitter
Output
10 log(0.5) = - 3.01
Attenuation of 1:2 splitter: 3.01 dB
Attenuation of 1:16 splitter: 12.04 dB
Attenuation of 1:64 splitter :18.06 dB
Output
Input
2:N optical
splitter
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Huawei Confidential
Page 44
Fibre Attenuation and Power Budget
Fibre attenuation relates to the fibre lengt
h
The attenuation of fibre splicing point is
About 0.35 dB per km
for 1310,1490nm
generally less than 0.2dB
Other factors may cause attenuation, suc
h
Huaweis OLT and ONU
28 dB (Class B+)
as fibre bending
Table G.984.2 Classes for optical path loss
Class A
Class B
Class B
Class C
Minimum loss
5 dB
10 dB
13 dB
15 dB
Maximum loss
20 dB
25 dB
28 dB
30 dB
NOTE The requirements of a particular class may be more stringent for one
system type than for another, e.g. the class C attenuation range is
inherently more stringent for TCM systems due to the use of a
1:2 splitter/combiner at each side of the ODN, each having a loss of about 3
dB.
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Huawei Confidential
Page 45
Parameters of GPON Interfaces (Class B+)
Items
Unit
Single fibre
OLT:
OLT
Mean launched power MIN
dBm
+1.5
Mean launched power MAX
dBm
Minimum sensitivity
dBm
-28
Minimum overload
dBm
-8
dB
0.5
Downstream optical penalty
ONU:
ONU
Mean launched power MIN
dBm
0.5
Mean launched power MAX
dBm
Minimum sensitivity
dBm
-27
Minimum overload
dBm
-8
dB
0.5
Upstream optical penalty
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
Page 46
GPON Management and Service Provisioning
This chapter describes GPON management and service provisioning.
After reading it, you will have a understanding on OMCI
(the management and maintenance message type) and ONT service
implementation.
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Huawei Confidential
Page 47
Basic Message Types in GPON Management
OAM message at the physical layer falls into three types: embedded
OAM, PLOAM and OMCI .
The embedded OAM and PLOAM channels manage the functions
of the PMD and the GTC layers. The OMCI provides a uniform system
of managing higher (service defining) layers.
The embedded OAM channel is provided by field-formatted
information (such as BW Map DBRu) in the header of the GTC
frame. The functions that use this channel include: bandwidth granting,
Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment signalling and so on.
The OMCI channel is used to manage the service defining layers
that lay above the GTC.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Page 48
GPON System Management Mode
iManager N2000 BMS
ACS
Client
SNMP
TR069
OMCI
ONT
Zero configuration
ONT Centered Management
BRAS
ONT Plug and Play
OLT
ONT remote diagnosis
Remote ONT maintenance and management through OMCI
Auto configuration and management on ONT through TR069
ONT Auto Service Provisioning
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Page 49
GPON Service Provisioning and Zero Configur
ation on Terminals
Carriers nightmare
Flexible Configuration plan of GPON
Initial configurations (such as service system information
configuration, data configuration) are required on
terminals and then they can be put into use. To finish
these configurations, it is not cost-effective to carriers.
GPON supports zero configuration on
terminals and plug-and-play of terminals,
which is cost-effective.
Application scenario
1
Order Management
CRM
Subscribe for services
Service Provisioning
Billing
Configure service network
NMS 2000
3 Send terminals to users
1
Use OMCI to finishing data
configuration on ONT
3
User
STB
Access Network
2
ONT
ONT
Start up ONT and make registration with serial number
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Finish the auto-configuration of OLT
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ONT
ONT
Page 50
VOIP Service Management Solution in GPON
Description
Basic operation and maintenance process
Process and Networking
Subscribe
1 for services
Order Management
CRM
Service Provisioning
Generating
activation code
4
Activation code generator
IADMS
Billing
UMS
3 Configure IADMS
2 Configure SoftX
7
Send activation code and terminal to users
Configure terminals automaticallythroughTR069
SoftX3000
Access Network
6 Input activation code
ONT
User
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Phone
ONT
Phone
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Phone
Page 51
Phone
Daily management
Terminal activation
Service
provisioning
Maintenance personnel use activation code generator to generate
terminal activation code (including IADMS IP, PPPoE user name
and password). Users input activation code on terminals,
terminals register on IADMS upon power-up and the IADMS
makes auto-configuration on terminals.
Basic Services over GPON Network
This chapter describes basic services provided by GPON
System, such as Triple-play, TDM and RF overlay services.
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Triple Play Solution in GPON
BB service platform
PC
TL1/CORBA
/API
SFU
IPTV
Notification
Carriers OSS
VoD Server
Middle
ware
NMS
Phone
Ethernet
IP Core
MDU
CPE
Splitter
PC
OLT
MSE
BRAS
SBU
Phone
Intern
et
AAA Server
Softswitch
Base station
CBU
FE
E1
IP
Voice
CPE
ODN
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NSP
Huawei Confidential
ASP/ISP
Page 53
TDM Service Solution in GPON
PBX
CESoP mode
Native mode
E1/T1
ONT
With fixed
upstream/downstream
frame structure, periodic
multiframes are
transmitted in GPON
ODN
line. So, GPON can
transmit TDM service with
PSTN
first-born advantage.
BUSINESS
OLT
ONT
ONT
FE
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
LE
Jitter and error bit rate.
E1/T1
PBX
E1/T1
OLT supports processing TDM
service in Native and CESoP
modes.
CO
With guaranteed QoS, GPON ensures the parameter
indexes of TDM service, such as end-to-end delay,
Splitter
GPON supports effective isolation and higher-priority
processing of TDAM service.
Huawei Confidential
Page 54
RF Overlay Service Solution in GPON
Video
EDFA
Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier 1550nm
Customer
Central
Voice/Data
Office
Downstream
1490nm
OLT
(Optical Line Terminal)
Premises
Voice/Data& Video
1490/1310nm 1550n
Optical m
Couplers
WDM
Upstream 1490nm
ONU
(Optical Network Terminal)
Optical Splitter
Video
Upstream
1310nm
Voice and Data
@1250Mbps
RF
Downstream
1490nm
1550nm
Voice and Data
@2500Mbps
42Mhz
Video
550Mhz
Analog TV
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HD/VOD
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