Surveying & Introduction to
GIS
Dr. Md. Shibly Anwar
Associate Professor
Faculty Initial: SLW
1
Course Description
• This is a beginning course studying surveying instruments and their use
in the measurement of angles, distances, and elevations. The course will
provide a broad overview of the surveying instrumentation, procedures,
measurement corrections and reductions, survey datums, and
computations that are required to produce a topographical map or a site
plan for engineering and design projects. This course covers three main
themes:
1) terrestrial-based survey measurements,
2) space-based positioning (Global Positioning System (GPS)) and
surveying (Remote Sensing) techniques, and
3) automated mapping with Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Course Content
• Types of surveying; chain surveying; travers surveying; leveling and
contouring; calculations of areas and volumes; problems of heights and
distances; curves and curves ranging; use of modern surveying equipment.
Tachometry: theory, field procedure, errors in tachometry. Astronomical
surveying: astronomical terms, co-ordinate systems, astronomical corrections
and systems of times. Photogrammetry: definitions, terrestrial photogrammetry,
arial photogrammetry. Remote Sensing, introduction to Global Positioning
System (GPS). Hydrographic surveying: elements of hydrograph; acoustic
measurements and investigations; hydrographic operations. Introduction to
Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Text Books
A. Engineering Surveying. Sixth Edition, 2007. W. Schofield and M. Breach.
Elsevier Publication Ltd. UK
B. Surveying and Mapping, 2022. Christian Tiberius Hans van der Marel, René
Reudink, Freek van Leijen. Delft University of Technology.
C. Study Guide provided by instructor.
D. Surveying. Sixth edition. A Bannister, Raymond and R Baker. Longman Scientific
& Technical, UK.
E. Surveying (Vol I & Vol II). B.C. Punmia, ER. Ashok K. Jain and Dr Arun K.
Jain. Seventeenth Edition. 2023. Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd
F. A textbook of Surveying.4th Edition. 2016 (Reprint 2017). University Campus
Printing Press.
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Apply the basic principles and measurements (linear, angular,
elevation) of surveying in engineering plotting, design and implementations.
CO2: Calculate land areas and volumes for cut and fill for a field project.
CO3: Determine necessary design components of horizontal and vertical
curves in roadway and railway.
CO4: Explain the fundamental concept of remote sensing, arial
photogrammetry and application of GIS in surveying
TEACHING/LEARNING STRATEGIES
Distribution of numerical scores
Class attendance 5%
Quizzes, in-class exams 20% Surprise quizzes (all not counted)
Midterm Exams 30% Declared in the previous class
Assignments I 5% Earthworks: Areas and Volumes
Assignment on a Complex 10% Surveying in Engineering Application/
Engineering Problem Construction Survey/GIS Mapping
Final Exam 30% Remote Sensing and Introduction to
GIS
Day Material covered
LECTURE SCHEDULE Textbooks (T) and
References (R)
Week 1 Introduction to surveying and Types of surveying T-A, B, R- 1, 2
Week 2 Chain surveying; travers surveying T-A, R- 1, 2, 3
Week 3 Leveling, Leveling procedure; Angular Measurements: Bearings and T- B, R- 2, 3, 4
Azimuths
Week 4 Leveling and contouring; calculations of areas and volumes; problems of T- B, R- 2, 3, 4
heights and distances
Week 5 Traverse computations T- A, R- 2, 3, 4
Midterm I
Week 6 Curves and curves ranging, Use of modern surveying equipment T- B, R- 2, 4
Week 7 Earthworks: Areas and Volumes T- A, R- 2,3
Week 8 Topographic surveys and mapping T- A, R- 1, 2, 4
Week 9 Tachometry: theory, field procedure, errors in tachometry T- A, R- 2, 4
Week 10 Astronomical surveying: astronomical terms, co-ordinate systems, T- A, R- 2, 3, 4
astronomical corrections and systems of times
Midterm II
Week 11 Photogrammetry: definitions, terrestrial photogrammetry, arial T- B, R- 2, 4
photogrammetry
Week 12 Remote Sensing T- B, R- 2, 4,
Week 13 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) T- B, R- 2, 4
Week 14 Introduction to Geographic Information Systems T- B, R- 2, 4
Week 15 Hydrographic surveying: elements of hydrograph; acoustic T- B, R- 2, 4
measurements and investigations; hydrographic operations
Final Exam
Civil Engineering
• Civil engineering is called the mother of all engineering branches because it is
the most versatile branch.
• Civil engineering is one of the first branches of engineering developed by
mankind and it acts as a platform to other forms of engineering.
Branches of Civil Engineering
Introduction to Surveying
►Definition:
Surveying is the science and art of determining the relative positions of points
above, on, or beneath the earth’s surface and locating the points in the field.
Surveying is the art of finding the relative positions of different features above, on or beneath
the surface of the earth by taking measurements of distances, directions and elevations and finally
representing them as plans, maps and sections
Plotting of plans, maps and sections on a sheet of paper is made to some suitable scale
-- A plan or map represent the horizontal projection of the area surveyed
• Map is represented in small scale
• Plan is represented in large scale
-- Vertical distances are correctly shown by drawing sections
• The earliest surveys were performed only for the purpose of recording the boundaries of
plots of lands
• Success of any engineering project depends upon the accurate and complete survey work
Architectural Plan of a Building
Map of an area Vertical Section of a Building
Objective of Surveying
►The primary objective of survey is the preparation of plan of estate or buildings,
roads, railways, pipelines, canals, etc. Or to measure area of field, state, nation.
►Objective of geodetic surveying is to determine precise positions on the surface
of the earth of widely distant points.
►Geodetic: a survey of a large land area in which corrections are made for the
curvature of the earth's surface.
Uses of Surveying
►To prepare a topographical map this shows the hills, valley, rivers, villages,
town, etc, of a country.
►To prepare a cadastral map showing the boundaries of fields houses, and other
properties.
►To prepare an engineering map to show details like roads, railways, canals, etc.
►To prepare military map showing roads and railways, communication with
different parts of country.
►To prepare contour map and to determine capacity of a reservoirs and to find the
best possible route for roads, railways etc.
►To prepare archeological map including places where ancient relics exist.
►To prepare a geological map showing areas including underground resources
Surveying works
consists of 5 phases
1. Decision Making – selecting method, equipment and final point locations.
2. Fieldwork & Data Collection – making measurements and recording data in
the field.
3. Computing & Data Processing – preparing calculations based upon the
recorded data to determine locations in a useable form.
4. Mapping or Data Representation – plotting data to produce a map, plot, or
chart in the proper form.
5. Stakeout – locating and establishing monuments or stakes in the proper
locations in the field.
