1

2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In addition to the team's combined efforts, the success of every project is greatly affected
by the support and guidance of multiple people. We would want to use this opportunity to
express our gratitude to everyone who helped make this initiative a great success. The successful
execution of diverse initiatives is contingent upon the cooperation, coordination, and coordinated
efforts of many knowledge providers.
We express our profound gratitude to “Mam Saira Khurram” our Software Engineering
instructor, for her unwavering commitment to providing invaluable advice and guidance, under
which we executed this project. Her continuous mentorship and readiness to share her extensive
knowledge deepened our understanding of the project and its intricacies, enabling us to
successfully accomplish the assigned tasks.
A project report serves as a conduit between theoretical and practical learning, and with this
perspective, we diligently worked on this report. The timely support and collective endeavors of
all those who assisted us were pivotal in making this report a success.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM:

A healthcare management system is a web-based application specifically designed for

hospitals to efficiently oversee staff and patient information. The primary objective behind the
development of the "HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM" is to automate the front-
office management of hospitals. Tailored for multi-specialty healthcare institutions, the Hospital
Management System encompasses a wide spectrum of administrative and managerial processes
within the hospital. The project involves patient registration, systematic data storage, and
computerized billing in both the pharmacy and laboratories. Accurate record-keeping and
streamlined communication are paramount in the healthcare sector. The software is equipped to
assign a unique identifier to each patient and automatically store comprehensive details of both
patients and staff members.
Given the escalating demand in hospitals, there is a pressing need for an efficient data
management system that can handle patient data, staff information, and treatment specifics. The
system focuses on collecting patient information, including diagnosis details, and provides a
search function to ascertain the current status of each room. Utilizing the assigned identifiers,
users can access a doctor's availability and retrieve patient information.
The implementation of this software is expected to enhance the company's efficiency in patient
registration and appointment management, as well as maintaining accurate patient records. It
empowers doctors and administrators to effortlessly view and modify appointment schedules as
needed. The overarching goal of this project is to digitize all aspects related to patient and
hospital details.

3
SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM:

The Health Care Management System is designed to cater to the operational requirements of
various healthcare facilities, including hospitals, clinics, dispensaries, and other health
institutions. Its primary goal is to improve patient care by optimizing the management of
healthcare processes and resources.
In contrast to traditional file-based hospital management systems, there are significant
challenges. These systems require substantial efforts to ensure the physical security of paper
records. The susceptibility to threats such as fire, insect damage, and natural disasters poses a
notable risk to the integrity and availability of patient data. Additionally, the potential for data
misplacement or loss compounds the inefficiencies associated with paper-based record-keeping.
Transitioning to a digital Health Care Management System helps mitigate these risks and
streamline operations. The system's digital nature not only enhances data security but also
improves accessibility, enabling the seamless management of patient records, appointments, and
treatments. Ultimately, the system aims to optimize healthcare processes and resources for
enhanced patient care.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM:

User Registration and Authentication:

 Users should be able to register for the system.
 The system should authenticate users securely.

Patient Management:
 Add, edit, and delete patient records.
 Maintain patient demographic information.
 Record medical history and allergies.
 Assign unique patient identifiers.

Appointment Scheduling:
 Schedule patient appointments with healthcare providers.
 Allow users to view and manage their appointments.
 Send appointment reminders to patients.

4
Electronic Health Records (EHR):
 Store and manage electronic health records securely.
 Allow authorized users to access and update patient records.
 Support documentation of diagnoses, treatments, and lab results.

Prescription Management:
 Enable healthcare providers to prescribe medications.
 Maintain a record of prescribed medications.
 Support medication refills and dosage adjustments.
 Billing and Invoicing: Generate and send bills to patients and insurance providers.
 Record payment transactions and payment history.

Insurance Verification:
 Verify patient insurance information for eligibility and coverage.
 Submit insurance claims electronically.
 Telemedicine: Facilitate remote doctor-patient consultations.
 Provide secure video conferencing and messaging.

Inventory Management:
 Track and manage medical supplies and equipment.
 Alert staff when supplies are low.

Reporting and Analytics:

 Generate reports on patient demographics, financials, and operational metrics.
 Provide data analytics for healthcare providers to improve patient care and operations.

NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF HEALTH CARE

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 Security:
o Ensure data privacy and compliance with healthcare regulations (HIPAA,
GDPR).
o Implement role-based access control.
o Encrypt sensitive data during transmission and storage.
 Scalability:
o Support the ability to scale the system to accommodate a growing number of
users and patient records.

5
 Performance:
o Ensure fast response times for critical functions, such as patient record
retrieval.
o Handle concurrent user requests efficiently.
 Reliability:
o Minimize system downtime and ensure high availability.
o Implement data backup and disaster recovery procedures.
 Usability:
o Design an intuitive and user-friendly interface.
o Provide training and documentation for users.
o Interoperability:

o Integrate with other healthcare systems and external entities (e.g., labs,
pharmacies) using standard protocols.
 Compliance:
o Ensure compliance with healthcare regulations, including data retention and
reporting requirements.
 Auditability:
o Maintain a comprehensive audit trail of user actions within the system.
 Load Testing:
o Conduct load testing to ensure the system can handle peak loads without
performance degradation.
 Data Backup and Recovery:
o Implement regular data backups and establish a disaster recovery plan to
prevent data loss.

6
META DATA

ACTORS FOR HELTHCACRE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

 New user/ Patient

 Registered user
 Health care provider
 Administration
 Billing & Finance
 Pharmacist

USE CASES FOR HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

 User Registration
 Login
 Patient Record Management
 Appointment Scheduling
 Prescription Management
 Billing and Payment
 Administrator's Dashboard

Use Case Narratives

7
1) User Registration:
 Description: This use case involves individuals, including patients, healthcare
providers, and administrators, registering for an account in the healthcare
management system.
 Actors: Patient, Registered User, Health Care Provider, Administrator
Primary Flow:
1. User accesses the registration page and provides personal information.
2. System validates the information and sends a confirmation email.
3. User clicks on the confirmation link in the email to activate the account.
4. The system notifies the administrator of the new registration.
5. Administrator reviews and approves the registration, activating the user account.
Alternative Flow:
1. User accesses the registration page and provides personal information.
2. Instead of an email confirmation, the system sends a temporary SMS code to the
user's registered mobile number.
3. User enters the SMS code to complete the registration process.
4. Upon successful verification, the system automatically approves the registration,
activating the user account.

2) Login:
 Description: This use case allows users (including patients, healthcare providers,
administrators, and pharmacists) to log in to their accounts in the healthcare
management system.
 Actors: Patient, Registered User, Health Care Provider, Administrator,
Pharmacist, Billing Finance
Primary Flow:
1. User enters credentials on the login page.
2. System verifies credentials and redirects users to their respective dashboards.
3. Administrators access a separate login interface and enter credentials for the
administrator dashboard.
Alternative Flow:

8
 1. User enters credentials on the login page.
2. System verifies credentials and prompts users for a fingerprint or face scan for
additional authentication.
3. Users are redirected to a personalized dashboard based on their historical interactions
and preferences.

3) Patient Record Management:

 Description: This use case involves the creation, updating, and retrieval of patient
records by healthcare providers.
 Actors: Health Care Provider

Primary Flow:
1. Healthcare provider logs in and selects "Patient Record Management."
2. System displays a list of patients; the provider selects a patient to view or update
information.
3. Provider updates relevant information and saves changes.
4. Provider can view a patient's medical history and other details.
Alternative Flow:
1. Healthcare provider logs in and initiates a secure video consultation with the patient.
2. During the video call, provider and patient collaboratively update the patient's record
in real-time.
3. Changes made during the consultation are automatically saved to the patient's record.

4) Appointment Scheduling:
 Description: Patients can request and schedule appointments with healthcare
providers.
 Actors: Patient, Health Care Provider
Primary Flow:
1. Patient logs in and selects "Appointment Scheduling."

9
 2. Patient chooses a healthcare provider, specifies preferred dates/times, and submits the
request.
3. Healthcare provider reviews the request and confirms or suggests alternative
dates/times.
4. Patient receives confirmation or alternative suggestions.
Alternative Flow:
1. Patient logs in and selects "Appointment Scheduling."
2. The system suggests available time slots based on both patient and healthcare
provider calendars.
3. Patient and provider engage in a real-time chat to finalize appointment details.
4. Upon confirmation, the system automatically schedules the appointment and sends
instant notifications.

5) Prescription Management:
 Description: Healthcare providers can prescribe medications and manage patient
prescriptions.
 Actors: Health Care Provider, Pharmacist
Primary Flow:
1. Healthcare provider accesses the patient's record and selects "Prescription
Management."
2. Provider enters prescription details.
3. System updates the patient's record with the prescription information.
4. Pharmacist can access prescription details and dispense medications accordingly.

Alternative Flow:
1. Healthcare provider accesses the patient's record and uses an AI-powered
prescription assistant.
2. The AI assists in verifying medication compatibility and dosage.
3. The prescription is then reviewed by the provider before saving it to the patient's
record.

10
6) Billing and Payment:
 Description: This use case involves generating bills for services rendered and
facilitating patient payments.
 Actors: Administrator, Patient, Billing Finance
Primary Flow:
1. Healthcare provider logs services in the patient's record.
2. Administrator generates a bill.
3. Billing Finance reviews bills and manages payment processing.
4. Patient receives a notification, views the bill, and makes a payment through the
system.
Alternative Flow:
1. Healthcare provider logs services rendered in the patient's record.
2. The system generates an interactive, real-time billing summary.
3. Billing Finance reviews the summary and sends an instant payment request with a
personalized payment link to the patient.
4. Patient clicks on the link, confirming payment through a secure mobile payment
interface.

7) Administrator Dashboard:
 Description: Administrators have access to a dashboard that provides an overview
of the system and tools for system management.
 Actors: Administrator
Primary Flow:
1. Administrator logs in and is redirected to the administrator dashboard.
2. Dashboard displays system statistics, user activity, and relevant alerts.
3. Administrator can access tools for user management, system configuration, and report
generation.
Alternative Flow:
1. Administrator logs in and is redirected to an AI-enhanced dashboard.
2. The dashboard includes customizable widgets for real-time data analytics and insights.

11
3. AI-driven alerts highlight potential issues, and the administrator can click for detailed
recommendations.
4. The administrator can drag-and-drop widgets to tailor the dashboard layout based on their
immediate needs.

12
13
DFD Diagram (Context Diagram)

14
DFD Diagram 0

15
APPROPRIATE PROCESS MODEL

Selecting the appropriate process model for your Hospital Management System (HMS) project is
crucial for its successful development. The choice of the process model should align with the
project's complexity, requirements, and goals. Here, I'll suggest an appropriate process model for
your proposed HMS and provide detailed insights into the choice.
Appropriate Process Model:
Incremental Development (Iterative Model):
The Incremental Development process model, also known as the Iterative Model, is well-suited
for the development of complex systems like a Hospital Management System. It offers several
advantages that align with the project's needs:

1. Complexity Handling:
HMS projects are inherently complex, involving multiple modules, users, and
functionalities. The Incremental Development model allows you to break down the
complexity into smaller, manageable increments or iterations. Each iteration focuses on a
specific set of features or functionality.

2. Continuous Improvement:
In healthcare, requirements may evolve as regulations change or new needs arise. The
iterative approach allows for continuous improvement and adaptation to changing
requirements. Each iteration can incorporate feedback from users and stakeholders,
ensuring that the system remains aligned with real-world needs.

3. Risk Mitigation:
Hospitals and healthcare systems deal with sensitive patient data, and system reliability is
paramount. Incremental Development helps identify and address risks early in the
development process. You can prioritize high-risk components and ensure they are
thoroughly tested and validated before moving to subsequent iterations.

4. User Involvement:
HMS projects involve various stakeholders, including healthcare providers,
administrators, and patients. The iterative model encourages regular interaction and

16
feedback from these stakeholders. It ensures that the system meets their specific needs
and expectations.

17