CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.

CHAPTER TWO:
DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS.

OBJECTIVE: -
Analysis and Design of the different floors of Building.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

2.1 DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS

Slabs are horizontal structural elements which transfer service loads to the frame elements and their design should
be follow the following procedures.

Objective:-design and analysis of the different floors of the building

:-To determine the thickness of the slab.
: -To provide necessarily reinforcement in the slab.

Procedures for analysis and design of the slabs

1. Structural layout preparation.
2. Check slab for its system and finding the depth for the slab.
3. Computation of the design load for each panels and checks the % of the partition wall or 20%.
4. Analysis of Supports and span moment for two way slab.
5. Moment adjustment.
6. Check depth for flexural.
7. Reinforcement design for the slab for short and long direction.
8. Load transfer to Beam.
9. Detail for slab reinforcement.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 1
Structural layout :

Fig 2-1 structural lay out of the building

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 2
Check slab for its system and finding the depth for the slab:
Determinations of depth for deflection
From EBCS-2, 1995, section 5.2.3 we calculate depth as the following:
. .
=

Where: d- is the minimum effective depth which avoids undesirable and excessive deflection.
fky – characteristics yielding strength of the steel(Mpa)
Le _ effective span length, the shorter span for two-way slab
a _constant d ( )

member Simply end span interior span Cantilever

supported
Beam 20 24 28 10

[Link]/LX=2:1 25 30 35 12

[Link]/LX=1:1 35 40 45 10
Slab

Table 2-1 value of a

. .
= = . .
The flat roof will be considered as a solid slab.
Irregular Shape is assumed to be regular in shape only for the purpose of calculating depth.

For slab
Panel no Type Long span Short span Effective Span System Constant Effective
Length Length Length Ratio of slab a Depth(m)
Ly(m) Lx(m) Le(m)
S1 End 6 4.5 4.5 1.33 Two way 36.8 103.94
panel
S2 End 6 4.5 4.5 1.33 Two way 36.8 103.94
panel
S3 Interior 4.5 4 4 1.125 Two way 44 77.27
panel
S4 Interior 4.5 4 4 1.125 Two way 44 77.27
panel
S5 Interior 4.5 4 4 1.125 Two way 44 77.27
panel
S6 Interior 4.5 4 4 1.125 Two way 44 77.27

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

panel
S7 Interior 4.5 4.5 4.5 1 Two way 45 85
panel
S8 Interior 4.5 4.5 4.5 1 Two way 45 85
panel
S9 Interior 4.5 4.5 4.5 1 Two way 43.7 87.53
panel
S10 Interior 4 2.59 2.59 1.54 Two way 34.6 63.63
panel
S11 Interior 4.5 4 4 1.125 Two way 40 85
panel
S12 End 4.5 4.5 4.5 1 Two way 38.9 98.33
panel
S13 End 4.5 4.5 4.5 1 Two way 37.8 101.2
panel
Table 2-2 value of effective depth for every panels

For cantilever
Cantilever Type Long Short Effective Span System of Constant Effective
no span span Length Ratio cantilever a Depth(m)
Length Length Le(m)
Ly(m) Lx(m)
C1 Cantilever 2.41 1.03 1.03 2.34 one way 10 87.55
C2 Cantilever 4 1.85 1.85 2.16 one way 10 157.25
C3 Cantilever 4 1.85 1.85 2.16 one way 10 157.25
C4 Cantilever 4.5 1.27 1.27 2.43 one way 10 151.76
C5 Cantilever 4.5 1.27 1.27 2.43 one way 10 151.76
C6 Cantilever 4.5 1.85 1.85 2.43 one way 10 157.25
C7 Cantilever 4.5 1.85 1.85 2.43 one way 10 157.25
C8 Cantilever 4.5 1.85 1.85 2.43 one way 10 157.25
C9 Cantilever 4.5 1.85 1.85 2.43 one way 10 157.25
C10 Cantilever 3.65 1.29 1.29 2.83 one way 10 109.65
C11 Cantilever 3.03 1.35 1.35 2.24 one way 10 114.75
C12 Cantilever 6 1.85 1.85 3.24 one way 10 157.25
Table 2-3 value of effective depth for all cantilevers.

From the above table:

Minimum effective depth for the two-way slab
dmin=103.94mm

Minimum effective depth for cantilever

dmin = 157.25mm

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Use the following recommendation

Depth of concrete cover
CC =1 5mm
Concrete type
Use C25
Reinforcement bar diameter to be used (10mm)
For main reinforcements (both in shorter and longer direction)
Use 10
Secondary reinforcement bar for the cantilever
Use 8

Depth determination for the slab

[Link] two-way slabs
Section for longer and shorter direction slab figure.

Fig 2-2 Detail drawing for Longer and Shorter direction.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Dmin =103.94mm+15mm+10/2mm
=123.94mm
Use D=130mm

Then; d=130mm-15mm-10-10/2
=100mm……for longer span reinforcement direction.
d=130mm-15mm-10/2
=110mm …….for shorter span reinforcement direction.

[Link] cantilever
Dmin =157.25mm+15mm+10/2mm=177.25mm
Use D=180mm

Then; d=180-15-10/2

d=160mm

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 3

Computation of the design load for each panels and check the % of the

Partition wall either it is or 20%.

From EBCS-2, 1995,-Section 3-5-3 and 3-5-4

Design constant for concrete

Quality of concrete (Grade)
C-25 fcu =25Mpa
Characteristics compressive strength (fck)
Fck =80%fck =0.8x25Mpa =20M pa
Partial safety factor for ultimate limit state ( )
= 1.50 for class I works and persistent and transient design situation
Design compression strength (fcd)
Fcd =0.85 = 0.85 = 11.33
.

Design constants for steel

Quality of steel
300 fy =300Mpa
Characteristics tensile strength (fyk)

fyk=fy =300Mpa
Partial safety factor for ultimate limit state ( )
=1.15……………the same reason as for concrete
Design tensile strength (fyd)
Fyd= = = 260.87
.

Required minimum steel ratio ( min)

. .
min= = = 0.0016

From EBCS-1, section 2.4 and EBCS-1 section 3.6.1

The following table containing the densities of different construction materials, is extracted from EBCS-1, TABLE 2.1
and table 2.8

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

CONSTRACTION MATERIALS DENSITY(KN/m3)

concrete reinforced 25

cement mortar 23

FLOORING
PVC covering 16

Glazed wall 25

marble tiling 27

Wall(HCB 15cm thick) 17

Wall(HCB 10cm thick) 14

RC-concrete 25

Table 2-5 value of unit weight for different finishing material

Design load for two-way slabs and Cantilever.

FORPANEL: S1, S2, S3
S5, S7, S9
S10, S12, S13
C1, C2, C3, C4
C5, C6, C7, C8

Cross-section of the slabs

a=2cm-thick PVC floor finish

b=3cm-thick cement screed
c=130cm- reinforced concrete slab
d=2cm-thick cement plaster (cement mortar)

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Dead load (Gk)

Own weight =0.13mx25KN/m3 =3.25KN/m2
Pvc finishing =0.02mx16KN/m =0.032KN/m2
3

Cement screed=0.03mx23kN/m3 =0.69kN/m2

Ceiling plaster =0.02x23Kn/m3 =0.46kn/m2

Gk=4.72kN/m2

FOR PANEL: S6, S10, S11

Cross-section of the slabs

a=2cm-thick marble floor finish

b=3cm-thick cement screed
c=130cm-reinforced concrete slab
d=2cm-cement plaster
Dead load(Gk)
Own weight =0.13x25kN/m3=3.25kN/m2
Marble finishing =0.02x27kN/m3 =0.54kN/m2
Cement screed=0.03x 23kN/m3=0.69kN/m2
Ceiling plaster =0.02x23kN/m3 =0.46KN/m2
=4.94KN/m2

Live load on slab = 5KN/m2 …..From EBCS 1-1995 table 2.9 page 45 and table 2.10 page 46.
Dead load due to partition load
Note: -
Panel S1: in S1 there is a partition wall for:
Length L =6.681m (for HCB 15cm thick)
L=3.28m (for HCB 10cm thick)
Height of the building HC=2.8m
Thickness of wall (t=0.15 and 0.1m)
Area of panel=4.5*6=27m2
Weights per m2 of partition wall =L*Hc*t
= (6.681*2.8*0.15*17)+(3.28*2.8*0.1*14)/27
=60.56KN/27m
=2.243 KN/m2

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Panel S2: - in S2 there is a partition wall for

Length L =3.08m (for HCB 15cm thick)
L=9.08m (for HCB 10cm thick)
Height of the building HC=2.8m
Thickness of wall (t=0.15 and 0.1m)
Area of panel=4.5*6=27m2
Weights per m2 of partition wall =L*Hc*t
= (3.08*2.8*0.15*17) + (9.08*2.8*0.1*14)/27
=57.585/27
=2.13 KN/m2

Panel S4: - in S4 there is a partition wall for

Length L=2.92m (for HCB 10cm thick)
Height of the building H C=2.8m
Thickness of wall (t= 0.1m)
Area of panel=4.5*4=18m2
Weights per m2 of partition wall = Hc
= (2.92*2.8*0.1*14)/18
=11.45/18
=0.64kN/m2

Panel S6: - in S6 there is a partition wall for

Length L=4.5m (for HCB 10cm thick)
Height of the building H C=2.8m
Thickness of wall (t= 0.1m)
Area of panel=4.5*4=18m2
Weights per m2 of partition wall =L*Hc*t L
= (4.5*2.8*0.1*14)/18
=17.64/18
=0.98 KN/m2

Panel S11: - in S11 there is a partition wall for

Length L=2.4m (for HCB 15cm thick)
Height of the building H C=2.8m
Thickness of wall (t= 0.15m)
Area of panel=4.5*4=18m2
Weights per m2 of partition wall = Hc
=(4.5*2.8*0.1*14)/18
=17.64/18
=0.98 KN/m2
Live load on slab = 5KN/m2 …..From EBCS 1-1995 table 2.9 page 45 and table 2.10 page 46.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

o We have to checked the maximum partition load for above

Panels only for panel (S1) because of it carry maximum Dead load.

.
Percentage of partition load =
. ( ) .
1.3 2.243
= 100%
1.3(7.183) + 1.6 5
=16.8 %< 20%.............................................................ok!!!!!!!!

Hence this load can be distributed in the slab as follows:

Total weight of partition =2.243KN/m2 for panel (S1)
=2.13KN/m2 for panel (S2)
=0.64KN/m2 for panel (S4)
=0.98KN/m2 for panel (S6)
=0.98KN/m2 for panel (11)

UN factored total dead load for every panel

Panel (s1) =6.96KN/m2 Panel (s6) =5.92KN/m2Panel (s11) =5.92KN/m2
Panel (s2) =6.85KN/m2Panel (s7) =4.72KN/m2Panel (s12) =4.72KN/m2
Panel (s3) =4.72KN/m2Panel (s8) =4.72KN/m2Panel (s13) =4.72KN/m2
Panel (s4) =5.36KN/m2 Panel (s9) =4.72KN/m2
Panel (s5) =4.72KN/m2Panel (s10) =4.94KN/m2

UNfactored live load for every panel

2
LL=5KN/m …………….the same for all panels.…..From EBCS 1-1995 table 2.9 page 45 and table 2.10 page 46

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

2.2 DESIGN LOAD FOR PANEL

For panel: S1and

S2
Gk =1.3[4.72+2.243]=9.052kN/m2
Qk=1.6*5=8KN/m2
1.3[4.72+2.243]+1.6x5=9.052kN/m2+8kN/m2
Pd =17.052kN/m2

For panel: S3, S5

S7, S8
S9, S10
S12, S13
Gk =1.3[4.72]=6.136kN/m2
1.3[4.72]+1.6x5=14.136kN/m2
Pd =14.136kN/m2
For panel S4, S6
S11
Gk =1.3[5.92]=7.696kN/m2
1.3[5.92] +1.6x5=15.696
Pd =15.696kN/m2
For S4, S6and S11
1.3[0.98+4.94]+1.6x5=15.696kN/m2
Pd =15.696kN/m2

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

2.3 Design load for the cantilever

Cross-section

a= 2cm-thick PVC floor finish

b=3cm-thick cement screed
c=130cm- reinforced concrete slab
d=2cm-thick cement plaster (cement mortar)

Dead load (Gk)

Own weight =0.13mx25KN/m3 =3.25KN/m2
Pvc finishing =0.02mx16KN/m3 =0.032KN/m2
Cement screed=0.03mx23kN/m3 =0.69kN/m2
Ceiling plaster =0.02x23Kn/m3 =0.46kn/m2
Gk=4.72kN/m2

For cantilever: C 1, C2, C3

C4, C5, C6
C7, C8, C9
C10, C11, C12
1.3[4.72] +1.6x5
=6.136kN/m2+8kN/m2
Pd =14.136kN/m2

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 4
Analysis of Supports and span moment for two way slab.
Analyses of slabs for support and span moment
From EBCS-2 section A.3.2 we have;
2
Mi = i*Pd*Lx
Ms = s*Pd*Lx2
Mf = f*Pd*Lx2

Where:Mi- design moment per unit width

i - Moment coefficient depending on span ratio(Ly/Lx ) and

Support condition obtained from EBCS-2

Lx =shorter span of the panel
Ly = longer span of the pan
S =support
f = field

Mi= i *Pd*LX2…………design moment per width.

Ms= s *Pd*Lx2 …….…support moment.
Mf= s *Pd*Lx …….….field moment.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
SUMMARIZED DESIGN LOAD AND MOMENT FOR ALL PANELS

Panel Support Span Design Effective Moment Moment

condition ratio(Ly/Lx) load(Pd) length(Lx) coefficient
(KN/m2 (m)
location Value location Value

S 1.33 17.052 4.5 xs 0.053 Mxs 18.3011

xf 0.04 Mxf 13.8121

ys 0.039 Mys 13.4668

yf 0.029 Myf 10.0138

S2 1.33 17.052 4.5 xs 0.053 Mxs 18.3011

xf 0.04 Mxf 13.8121

ys 0.039 Mys 13.4668

yf 0.029 Myf 10.0138

S 1.125 14.136 4 xs 0.039 Mxs 8.82086

xf 0.03 Mxf 6.78528

ys 0.032 Mys 7.23763

yf 0.024 Myf 5.42822

S 1.125 15.696 4 xs 0.039 Mxs 9.7943

xf 0.03 Mxf 7.53408

ys 0.032 Mys 8.03635

yf 0.024 Myf 6.02726

S5 1.12 5 14.136 4 xs 0.039 Mxs 8.82086

xf 0.03 Mxf 6.78528

ys 0.032 Mys 7.23763

yf 0.024 Myf 5.42822

S 1.125 15.696 4 xs 0.039 Mxs 9.7943

xf 0.03 Mxf 7.53408

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

ys 0.032 Mys 8.03635

yf 0.024 Myf 6.02726

S 14.136 4.5 xs 0.032 Mxs 9.16013

xf 0.024 Mxf 6.8701

ys 0.032 Mys 9.16013

yf 0.024 Myf 6.8701

S 1 14.136 4.5 xs 0.032 Mxs 9.16013

xf 0.024 Mxf 6.8701

ys 0.032 Mys 9.16013

yf 0.024 Myf 6.8701

S 14.136 4.5 0.032 Mxs 9.16013

xs

xf 0.024 Mxf 6.8701

ys 0.032 Mys 9.16013

yf 0.024 Myf 6.8701

S10 1 15.696 2.59 xs 0.054 Mxs 5.68568

xf 0.041 Mxf 4.3169

ys 0.039 Mys 4.10632

yf 0.03 Myf 3.15871

S11 1.54 14.136 4.0 xs 0.039 Mxs 8.82086

xf 0.03 Mxf 6.78528

ys 0.032 Mys 7.23763

yf 0.024 Myf 5.42822

S12 1.125 14.136 4.0 xs 0.039 Mxs 8.82086

xf 0.029 Mxf 6.5591

ys 0.039 Mys 8.82086

yf 0.029 Myf 6.5591

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

S13 1 14.136 4.5 xs 0.039 Mxs 11.1639

xf 0.029 Mxf 8.30137

ys 0.039 Mys 11.1639

yf 0.029 Myf 8.30137

TABLE 2.6SUMMARIZED DESIGN LOAD AND MOMENT FOR ALL PANELS

SUMMARIZED DESIGN MOMENT FOR ALL CANTILEVER.

Note: Because of our cantilever is one way slab it’s designed as beam.

1. For cantilever C1,C2,C3,C6,

C7, C8, C9, C12: M=27.42KNm/m
2. For cantilever C4,C5: M=13.03KNm/m
3. For cantilever C10: M=22.29KNm/m
4. For cantilever C11: M=14.03KNm/m

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

o SUMMARY OF UNADJESTED MOMENT FROM TABLE

Fig2-3summary of unadjusted moment from table.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 5
MOMENT ADJUSTMENT
From EBCS-2, 1995 section A.3.3
Two method of moment adjustment are used:
1. Method I
If change of moment support is less than 20 percent of larger Moments use simple arithmetic averaging for design
moment of the support without further field.
2. Method II
If the change of moment at the support is greater than 20 % of the larger Moment, then they are balanced based on
the stiffness of the slab.
If support moment is decreased, then the field moment are increased to allow equilibrium compatibility.

Adjustment of Support moment according to EBCS-2, 1995 Section A-3.3.3

Fig 2-4Unadjusted field and support moment.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Adjustment for Section A- A

For C1 and S1
=27.42-18.3 = 20.18KNm use method 2
0.2*27.42=5.48KNm

For S1 and S2
=18.3-18.3 = 0 No need of moment adjustment
0.2*18.3 = 3.66

For S2 and C12

=27.42-18.3 = 20.18KNm use method 2
0.2*27.42=5.48KNm

Stiffness factor
KAB=0
KAB== = = =0.54
KBC= KCB= =0.22
KDE= KED = =0.22
KEF= = =0.775
KFE=0

Distribution factor
DFAB=0 = DFAB
DFBC=0.89/0.89 = 1
DFBC= =0.289

DFDC =1
DFDE=

Fig2-5 Moment diagram for section A-A

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
Adjustment for Section B-B
For C2 and S3
=27.42KNm-7.24=20.18KNm use method 2
0.2*27.42=5.48KNm

For S3 and S2

=8.04KNm-7.24=0.8KNm use method 1

0.2*27.42=1.61KNm

For S2 and S11

=8.04KNm-7.24=15.05KNm use method 2
0.2*27.42=4.46KNm

Stiffness factor
KAB=0
KAB== = = =0.54
KBC= KCB= =0.22
KDE= KED = =0.22
KEF= = =0.775
KFE=0

Distribution factor
DFAB=0
DFAB= =0.71
DFBC=0
DFBC= =0.289

DFCB= =0.5
DFCD= =0.5
DFDC= =0.5
DFDE= =0.5
DFED= =0.22
DFEF= =0.78

Fig2-6 Moment diagram for section B-B

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Adjustment forSection c-c

For S12
=8.8KN/m
For S10 and S6
=8.04-5.68 = 2.36 use method 2
0.2*8.04 =1.61

For S6 and S5
=8.04- 7.24 = 0.8 use method 1
0.2*8.04 = 1.61

For S5 & C3
M=8.04KNm-5.68=2.36KNm
20% = 0.2*8.04=1.61KNm

Since > 20% ......use method 2

0.2*8.04=1.61KNm
Since > 20% .....Use method 2

For S6 and C5
M =8.04KNm-7.24=0.8KNm
0.2*8.04=1.61KNm
Since M<20% .....Use method 1

For S5 and C3
M =13.03KNm-7.24=5.78KNm
0.2*13.03=2.71KNm
Since M>20% .....Use method 2
KAB= KBC = KCD= KDE= KEF= = = =0.22
DFBC= ==0.5
DFCD= = =0.5
DFDE= =0.5
DFEF= =0.71
Fig2-7 Moment diagram for section B-B

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
Adjustment for Section D-D
For C4 and S7
= 13.03 – 9.16 = 3.87 use method 2
0.2*13.03 = 2.6

For S7 and S8
=9.16 – 9.16 = 0 use method 1
0.2*27.42=1.61KNm

For S2 and S11

=8.04KNm-7.24=15.05KNm no need of moment adjustment

Stiffness factor
KAB=0
KBC= KCB= =0.89
Distribution factor
DFAB=0
DFAB= = 1

Moment adjustment for section D-D

For C12 and S11
=27.42KNm-8.82 use method 2
0.2*27.42=5.48KNm

For S11 and S10

=8.82KNm-4.11=4.71KN use method 2
0.2*8.82=1.76KN

For S10 and S9

=9.16KNm-4.11=15.05KNm use method 2
0.2*9.16=1.832KNm

For S9 and C7
=13.03KNm-9.16=3.87KNm use method 2
0.2*13.03=2.606KNm

KBC== = = =0.25, KCD== = = =0.25,

KDE= = = =0.22, KEF= = = =0,
KAB= = = =0
DFBC= = =1
DFCD= = =0.5
DFDE= = DFAB=0, DFEF=0

Fig2-8 Moment diagram for section D-D

Adjustment for Section 1-1

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
For S1& S3
MS = 13.47-8.82 = 4.65
20% of Mlarge = 0.2x13.47= 2.69
20% Mlarge < MS use method II

ForS3 & S5
MS = 8.82-8.82 = 0
No need of adjustment

For S5& S7
MS = 9.16-8.82 = 0.32
20% of Mlarge = 0.2x9.16 = 1.832
20%ofMlarge> MS use method I

For S7& C5
MS = 13.03-9.16 = 3.87
20% of Mlarge = 0.2x13.03 = 2.606
20% of Mlarge < MS use method II

Determine stiffness & distribution factor

KAB = KBA = 3I/L = 3/6 = 0.5, DFBC = KBA/(KBA +KBC )= 0.333
KBC = 4EI/L = 4/4 = 1, DFBC = KBC/(KBC + KBA)
KED = 4EI/L = 4/4.5 = 0.85, DFED = KED/(KED +KDF) = 0.85
KEF = 0, DFEF = 0

Fig2-9 Moment diagram for section 1-1

Adjustment forSection 2-2

For S2& S4
MS = 13.47 -9.79 = 3.68
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X13.47 = 2.694
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE use method II

For S4&S6 No need of moment adjustment

For S6 & S8
MS = 9.79-9.16 = 0.63
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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X9.79 = 1.96
Hence MS < 20% of MLARGE use method I
MS = ½(9.79+9.16) = 9.48KNM/M

For S8 & C6
MS =13.03 -9.16 =3.87
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X13.03 =2.606
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE use method II

Stiffness & distribution factor

KAB = KBA = 3EI/L = 3/6 = 0.5, DFBA = KBA/(KBA +KBC) = 0.333
KBC = 4EI/L = 4/4 = 1, DFBC = KBC/(KBC + KBA) = 0.667
KDE = 4EI/L= 4/4.5 = 0.89
KED = 4EI/L = 4/4.5 = 0.85, DFED = KED/(KED +KDF) = 1
KEF = 0, DFEF = 0

Fig2-10 Moment diagram for section 2-2

Adjustment for Section 3-3

Moment adjustment for section 3-3
For C12& S11
MS = 27.47-8.82 = 18.6
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X27.47 = 5.48
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE………………….use method II
For S11&S10
MS = 8.82-4.11 = 4.71KN
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X8.82 = 1.761KN
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE………………….use method II
For S10& S9
MS = 9.16-4.11 = 5.05KN
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X9.16 =1.832KNm
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE………………….use method II
For S9&C7
MS = 13.03-9.16 = 3.87
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X13.03 = 2.606
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE………………….use method II

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Fig2-11 Moment diagram for section 3-3

Adjustment for Section 4-4

For C9& S12
MS = 27.47-8.82 = 18.6
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X27.47 = 5.48
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE………………….use method II

For S12 & S13

MS =11.16 – 8.82 = 2.34
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X11.16 = 2.23
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE use method I
MS = 27.47-8.82 = 18.6
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X27.47 = 5.48
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE use method II
For S13 & C8
MS =27.42-11.16 = 16.26
20% of MLARGE = 0.2X27.42 = 5.48
Hence MS > 20% of MLARGE ………………………..use method II

Stiffness & distribution factor

KAB = 0, DFBA = 0
KBC =KCB= 4EI/L = 4/4 = 1, DFBC = KBC/(KBC + KBA) = 1
KCD = KDC = 4EI/L = 4/4.5 = 0.89, DFCB = KCB/ (KCD+KCB) = 0.53, DFCD = KCD / (KCD+KCB) = 0.47
KED = 4EI/L= 4/4.5 = 0.89, DFED = KED/ (KED +KDF) = 1
KEF = 0, DFEF = 0

=8.04KNm-7.24=0.8KNm use method 1

0.2*27.42=1.61KNm

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Fig2-12 Adjusted moment.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

For S2 and S11

=8.04KNm-7.24=15.05KNm use method 2

0.2*27.42=4.46KNm

Stiffness factor

KAB=0

KAB== == =0.54

KBC= KCB= =0.22

KDE= KED = =0.22

KEF= = =0.775

KFE=0

Distribution factor

DFAB=0

DFAB= =0.71

DFBC=0

DFBC= =0.289

DFCB= =0.5

DFCD= =0.5

DFDC= =0.5

DFDE= =0.5

DFED= =0.22 Fig2-13 Moment diagram for section 4-4

DFEF= =0.78

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Summarized adjusted moment from the above calculation.

Fig2-14 summarized adjusted moment from the above calculation

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Adjustment of field Moment according to EBCS-2, 1995 Section A-3.3.3

NOTE:-there is no field moment adjustment if the following criteria’s are satisfied:-

1. If the support moment adjustment is by method I.

2. If and only if we use method II and the support moment is increased.

SECTION 1-1

For S1

Ly/Lx=6/4.5=1.33 From EBCS2-1995 table A-2 page 113.

Cx =0.322

Cy=0.127

Ms=Ms(un adjusted )-Ms(adjusted)

Mxf= Cx* Ms
Mxf(adjusted)=Mxf (un adjusted) + Mxf
Myf=Cy* Ms
Myf= Miffs(un
Myf=Cx * Ms Myf
Myf (Adjusted) =Myfun adjusted + My

o Only one direction moment adjustment is required.

Ly/Lx=6/4.5=0.322
Cx=0.322
Cy=0.127
Ms=13.47-11.92=1.55
Mxf=Cx* Ms=0.322*1.55=0.499
Mxf=10.01+0.499=10.51
Myf=Cy* Ms=0.127*1.55=o.197
Myf=13.81+0.197=14

For S3
No moment adjustment is required because support moment is increased.
Mxf=6.79 &Myf=5.43

For S5
No moment is required.
Mxf=6.78 &Myf=5.43

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

For S7
No moment adjustment is required.
Mxf=6.87 &Myf=5.43

For S7
No moment adjustment is required.
Mxf=6.87 &Myf=6.87

SECTION 2-2
Ly/Lx=6/4.5=1.33
Cx=0.322
Cy=0.127, from EBCS 2 table A-2
MS=Ms (unadjusted)-Ms (adjusted)
13.43-12.26=1.21
Mxf=Cx* Ms=0.322*1.21=0.39
Mxf=0.39+13.81=14.2
Myf=C Y* Ms=0.127*1.21=0.154
Myf=0.1`54+10.01=10.164

For panel (S4)

No moment adjustment is needed for this because of we use method I.

For Panel 6
Ly/Lx=4.5/4=1.125
Cx=0.351
Cy=0.208
Ms=Ms (un adjusted)-Ms(adjusted)
9.79-9.79=0
Mxf=Cx* Ms=0.351*0=0
Mxf=0=7.53=7.53
Myf=Cy* Ms=0.208*0=0
Myf=0+6.03=6.03

SECTION 3-3
For panel S11
Panel ratio: 4.5/4=1.125
Cx=0.322
C y=0.372
Ms=M s (un adjusted)-M s(adjusted)
8.82-6.465=2.355KNm
M xf=Cx Ms =0.322*2.355=0.758KNm

M xf=0.758KNm+6.78KNm=7.538KNm
M yf=C * Ms =0.372*2.355=0.876KNm
M yf=0.876+5.43KNM

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For panel S9

Panel ratio: 4.5/4.5=1

Cx=0.28
Cy=0.38
Ms=Ms (un adjusted)-Ms(adjuted)
9.16-7.22=1.94KNm
Mxf=Cx* Ms=0.28*1.94=1.9KNm

Mxf=1.9KNm+6.87KNm=7.413KNm
Myf=Cy* Ms=0.38*1.94=0.74KNm
Myf=0.74+1.9=2.64KNM

Panel S 10 - No need of moment adjustment

SECTION4-4

Panel S12 –No moment adjustment requirement.

Panel S13

Panel ratio: 4.5/4.5=1

Cx=0.28
Cy=0.38
Ms=Ms (un adjusted)-Ms (adjusted)
11.16-10.06=1.1KNm
Mxf=Cx* Ms=0.28*1.1=0.308KNm

Mxf=0.308KNm+8.3KNm=8.61KNm
Myf=Cy* Ms=0.38*1.1=0.42KNm
Myf=0.42+8.3=8.72KNM

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Fig 2-15 summarized adjusted field moment.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 6

CHECK DEPTH FOR FLEXURE

Depth of flexure could be checked using the maximum absolute moment such that it satisfies for the smaller
once
For two-way slab
=18.3KNm...........................support moment between S1&C1
.
d /0.32fcdb = =71mm
. .

D=71mm+15mm+ =91mm
D (91mm) < =130mm.......................................................................ok!!

For cantilever
=27.42KNm...............support moment between & 1
b=1000mm
.
d /0.32fcdb = =86.965mm
. .

D=86.965mm+15mm+ =106.965mm< =170mm...................................ok!!

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 7

REINFORCEMENT DESIGN

From EBCS-2.1995, Section 7.2.2

Consider the following points:

Unit width, b=1000mm is used

Depth of the slab
For two-way slab, D=130mm
For cantilever, D=170mm
Reinforcement bar
For main reinforcement (at supports, shorter span direction and longer span direction) use .
For secondary reinforcement of the cantilever use
Depth of concrete cover Cc=15mm
Reinforcement for the two-way slabs

A. At supports

Effective depth’s=130mm-15mm - =110mm

Minimum steel area required, , = bd

Asmin= min *b*d =0.00167*1000*110 =183.7mm2

Spacing:

S 2D =2*130mm =260mm

350mm
Use Smax =260mm

B. For panel in shorter direction

Effective depth
d= 130mm-15mm-5mm =110mm
Minimum steel area required
Asmin= min*b*d =0.00167*1000*110 =183.7mm2

Spacing:

S 2D =2*130mm =260mm

350mm
Use Smax =260mm
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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

C. For panels in the longer direction

Effective depth
d =130mm-15mm-10mm-5mm =100mm
Minimum steel area required
Asmin= min *b*d =0.00167*1000*100 =167mm2

Spacing:

S 2D =2*130mm =260mm

350mm

Use Smax =260mm

Reinforcement for the two way slabs

d =130mm-15mm-5mm =110mm
Asmin= min*b*d =0.00167*1000*110 =183.7mm2
Spacing:

S 2D = 2*110mm =260mm

350mm
Use Smax =260mm

Reinforcement for the cantilever

A. At support

Effective depth
d=170mm -15mm -5mm =110mm

Minimum steel area required

Asmin= min *b*d =0.00167*1000*150 =250.5mm2

Spacing:

S 2D =2*150mm =300mm

350mm
Use Smax =300mm

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
B. For panel in shorter direction

Reinforced with bars extended from the support

C. For panels in the longer direction(secondary reinforcement

Effective depth
d =170mm-15mm-10mm-4mm =141mm

Minimum steel area required

Asmin= min *b*d= 0.00167*1000*250.5 =418.335mm2
Spacing:

Use nominal spacing , S=400mm

The following table summarizes the above points:

parameters Support Panel of two way slab Panel of Cantilever

Shorter Longer Shorter Longer

direction direction direction direction

Effective 110 110 100 150 141

depth(mm)

Amin(mm2) 183 183 166.7 250 235

Smax(mm) 260 260 260 260 380

Table 2.7 summery of reinforcement area

Reinforcement calculation

For support between S1&S2

M=18.3KNm, b=1000mm, d= 110mm
= 1 - (1- 2M/fcdbd2) =0.00625

> min =0.00167 ………………………………………………………………………..(Ok)

s= bd =687.14mm2, s>Asmin…………………………………………… (Ok)

S=bas/ s=114.3mm, s<Smax =260mm

Provide 10 c/c 260mm

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

For support between s6& S4

M = 9.79KNM, b =1000mm, d= 110mm

=0.00322> min

s= 0.00322*1000*110 =354.3mm2

S=bas/ s=221.68mm < smax=260mm

Provide 10 c/c 220mm

For panel s2

A. In shorter direction
M = 14.2KNM, b =1000mm, d= 110mm
=0.00476> min
2
s = bd =523.53mm

S=bas/ s= 150mm<Smax =260mm

Provide 10 c/c 150mm
B. In longer direction

M= 10.164KNm, b = 1000mm, d= 100mm

=0.0041> min

s = bd =408.86mm2

S =192.1mm >smax

Provide 10 c/c 190mm

Cantilever

For main reinforcement use .

For support between C1&S 1

M=27.42KNm, b=1000mm, d= 150mm

= 1 - (1- 2M/fcdbd2) =0.0.00495

> min =0.00167 ……………………………………………………………… (Ok)

s= bd =743.11mm2, s>Asmin ……………………………………. (Ok)

S=bas/ s=105.69mm, s<Smax =260mm

Provide 10 c/c 100mm

For secondary reinforcement of the cantilever use .

Provide 8 c/c 380mm

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
NOTE: for the rest all panel and cantilever the steel reinforcement area and spacing are

Calculated like the above method and listed in the following table:

Steel
Moment Effective Spacing No of
Panel area provided
(KN m) depth mm bar
mm^2 Remark
value
location (mm) (mm)
KN m
b/n c1
S1 Support 27.42 110 0.0097 1067 73.60825 10 c/c70 15
& S1
b/n S1
11.92 110 0.0039 429 183.0769 10 c/c20 7
& S3

Span 10.51 110 0.0034 374 210 10 c/c25 6

Shorter
direct.
Longer 10
14 100 0.0057 570 137.7895 9
direct. c/c135
b/n S2 10
S2 Support 18.3 110 0.0062 682 115.1613 10
& S1 c/c110
b/n S2 10
12.26 110 0.004 440 178.5 7
& S4 c/c175
Shorter
Span 14.2 110 0.0013 183.37 428.3143 10c/c425 7 As<Asmin
direct.
Longer 10
10.16 100 0.004 400 196.35 7
direct. c/c195
b/n S3
S3 Support 27.42 110 0.0097 1062.6 73.91304 10 c/c70 15
& c2
b/n S3 10
8.82 110 0.0028 308 255 5
& S5 c/c250
Shorter
Span 6.79 110 0.0022 242 242 c/c240 5
direct.
Longer 10
5.43 100 0.0017 170 462 4 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
b/n S4 10
S4 Support 7.64 110 0.0025 275 285.6 5 S>Smax
& S3 c/c260
b/n S4 10
9.79 110 0.0032 352 223.125 6
& S6 c/c220
Shorter 10
Span 7.53 110 0.0024 264 297.5 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
Longer 10
6.03 100 0.0019 190 413.3684 4 S>Smax
direct. c/c260

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b/n S5
Support 10
& C3 9.66 341 230.3226 6
110 0.0031 c/c230
b/n S5 10
8.99 110 0.0029 319 246.2069 6
& S7 c/c245
Shorter
Span 6.78 110 0.0022 242 324.5455 5
direct.
Longer 10
5.43 100 0.0021 210 374 4 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
b/n S6 10
S6 Support 7.64 110 0.0024 264 297.5 5 S>Smax
& S5 c/c260
b/n S6 10
9.48 110 0.0031 341 230.3226 6
& S8 c/c230
Shorter 10
Span 7.53 110 0.0024 264 297.5 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
Longer 10
6.03 100 0.0019 190 413.3684 4 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
b/n S7 10
S7 Support 13.03 110 0.0041 451 174.1463 7
& C4 c/c170
b/n S7 10
13.03 110 0.0043 473 166.0465 8
& C5 c/c165
Shorter 10
Span 6.87 110 0.0022 242 324.5455 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
Longer 10
6.87 100 0.0027 270 290.8889 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
b/n S8 10
S8 Support 9.16 110 0.0029 319 246.2069 6
& S7 c/c240
b/n S8 10
13.03 110 0.0043 473 166.0465 8
& C6 c/c165
Shorter 10
Span 6.87 110 0.0022 242 324.5455 5
direct. c/c320
Longer 10
6.87 100 0.0027 270 290.8889 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
b/n S9 10
S9 Support 9.16 110 0.0029 319 246.2069 6
& S8 c/c240
b/n S9 10
13.03 110 0.0043 473 166.0465 8
& C7 c/c165
Shorter 10
Span 7.41 110 0.0024 264 297.5 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
Longer 10
7.61 100 0.0024 240 327.25 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260

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b/n
S10 10
Support S10 5
6.86 110 0.0022 242 324.5455 c/c260 S>Smax
&S6
b/n
10
S10 & 7.22 110 0.0023 253 310.4348 5 S>Smax
c/c260
S9
Shorter
Span 3.16 110 0.001 108.9 721.2121 10 c/c70 3
direct.
Longer 10 S>Smax
4.32 100 0.0014 166.7 471.1458 4
direct. c/c260 As<Asmin
b/n
10
S11 support S11 & 7.64 110 0.0025 275 285.6 5 S>Smax
c/c260
S4
b/n
10
S11 & 6.47 110 0.0021 231 340 4 S>Smax
c/c260
S10
Shorter 10
Span 7.54 110 0.0022 242 324.5455 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
Longer 10
6.31 100 0.002 200 392.7 4 S>max
direct. c/c260
b/n
10
S12 support S12 & 8.82 110 0.0027 297 264.4444 5 S>Smax
c/c260
Stair
b/n
10
S12 & 10.06 110 0.0031 341 230.3226 6
c/c230
S13
Shorter
Span 6.56 110 0.0022 242 324.5455 c/c260 5 S>Smax
direct.
Longer 10
6.56 100 0.0022 220 357 4 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
b/n
10
S13 support S13 & 10.16 110 0.0031 341 230.3226 6
c/c230
S9
b/n
S13 & 27.42 110 0.0097 1067 73.60825 10 c/c70 15
C8
Shorter 10
Span 8.61 110 0.0025 275 285.6 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260
Longer 10
8.78 100 0.0026 260 302.0769 5 S>Smax
direct. c/c260

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support b/n 27.42 150 0.0097 1455 53.97938 c/c50

C12 & 20
S2
C12
b/n
C12 & 27.42 150 0.0097 1455 53.97938 10 c/c50 20
S11
Shorter
span 0 150 0 0 0 0 1
direct.
Longer
0 141 0 0 0 0 1
direct.
b/n C9 10
C9 support 10.55 150 0.0018 270 290.8889 5 S>Smax
& S11 c/c260
b/n C9 10
27.42 150 0.0049 735 106.8571 11
& S12 c/c105
Shorter
span 0 150 0 0 0 0 1
direct.
Longer
0 141 0 0 0 0 1
direct.
table 2.17calculated reinforcem area with its space

Step 8

LOAD TRANSFER TO BEAM

Load transferred from slab to intermediate beam

From EBCS-2, 1995-Section A.3.5 Table A.3

A. Load transferred for two-way slab

= =

Where:

=reaction forces transferred to beam

=reaction force transfer coefficient

=design load

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C
=Effective length

panel Support Span Design Effective shear force coefficient load transferred due to
condition ratio(Ly/ load(Pd) length(Lx) ßvi p
Lx)
(KN/M2) (m) Value location value

S1 1.33 17.052 0.44 33.76296

(con)
(cont)
disc 0 (discon) 0
(cont) (con) 27.62424
0.36
dicn 0.24 (discon) 18.41616
S2 17.052 4.5 (cont) 0.44 (con) 33.76296
(discon 0 (discon) 0
0.36 (con) 27.62424
(cont)
(disco 0.24 (discon) 18.41616
S3 1.125 14.136 4 (cont) 0.368 (con) 20.808192
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 18.65952
0 (discon) 0
(discoc)
S4 1.125 15.696 4 (cont) 0.368 ( con) 23.104512
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 20.71872
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
S5 1.12 5 14.136 4 (cont) 0.368 (con) 20.808192
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 18.65952
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
S6 1.125 15.696 4 (cont) 0.368 (con) 23.104512
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 20.71872
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
S7 1 14.136 4.5 (cont) 0.33 (con) 20.99196
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 20.99196
0 (discon) 0
(disc
(cont) 0.33 (con) 20.99196

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

S8

14.136 4.5
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0

(cont) 0.33 (con) 20.99196

0 (discon) 0
(discoc)
S9 1 14.136 4.5 (cont) 0.33 (con) 20.99196
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 20.99196
0 (discon) 0
(discoc
S10 1 15.696 2.59 (cont) 0.36 (con) 14.63495
(discoc) 0.24 (discon) 9.7566336
(cont) 0.36 14.63495
(con)
0 (discon) 0
(discoc
S11 1.54 14.136 4 (cont) 0.455 (con) 25.72752
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.33 (con) 18.65952
0 (discon) 0
(discoc)
S12 1.125 14.136 (cont) 0.398 (con) 22.504512
(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
(cont) 0.36 (con) 20.35584
0.24 (discon) 13.57056
discont

S13 1.125 14.136 (cont) 0.36 (con) 22.90032

(discoc) 0 (discon) 0
cont 0.36 (con) 22.90032
(discoc) 0.24 (discon) 15.26688

Table2-10 Summary of design load transferred.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Fig 2-15 structural lay out to show panel arrangement during load transferring to beam.

Summaryfordead and liveload transfer to beam.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

[Link] and liveload transfer to beam

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

Step 9

DETAIL FOR SLAB REINFORCEMENT.

Detail for slab reinforcement is attached at the end of this project.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN OF SOLID SLAB FLOORS 2016G.C

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