Column Design: Design Calculations Page 1 of 14

COLUMN DESIGN CALCULATIONS

Project Name : Pump House Design
Client Name : UP JAL NIGAM, BASTI
Engineer Name : ST
Design File : C:\Users\pc\Desktop\RCDC\column\text [Link]
Analysis File : D:\Pump House\Pump House Frame Model\Basti\TW-1\Staad
File\[Link]
Analysis Last Modified : 1/15/2025 [Link] PM

Definitions Of Terms:
All forces in units kN and m
All reinforcement details like area, spacing are mm
Grade Of steel for 6 mm dia. bars is Fe250. It is irrespective of the grade of steel defined by
user in column design.
Neutral axis angle for resultant design moment is with respect to local major axis.
Stiffness proportion factor at joint ( column
1 β = stiffness/sum of stiffness of all members connected at
joint)
Elastically computed first order lateral deflection.
2 Δu =
(Relative deflections)
Strain at level considered, Calculated ignoring the
3 ε1 =
stiffening of the concrete in tension zone
4 εm = Average steel strain at level considered
Distance from the point considered to the surface of
5 acr =
the nearest longitudinal bar
6 Ag = Gross area of the column cross section
Effective area of column / wall considered for shear
7 Aeff =
check in sqmm
8 Ak = Area of confined concrete core
9 Ash = Area of link cross section
10 b = Effective Width of Column in mm
11 beff = Effective Width of Column in mm
12 B = Width / Smaller Dimension of Column in mm
13 d = Effective Depth of Column in mm
14 deff = Effective Depth of Column in mm
Depth / Larger Dimension of Column OR Diameter
15 D =
of Circular Column in mm
Diameter Of core measured to the outside of circular
16 Dk =
link
17 Ec = Modulus of elasticity of concrete
18 Es = Modulus of elasticity of steel
19 FcPerm = Permissible Stress in Concrete required in N/ (sqmm)
20 Fst = Stress in steel
21 FstPerm = Permissible Stress in Steel required in N/ (sqmm)

22 Fck = Characteristic compressive strength of concrete cube

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in N/sqmm
23 Fy = Yield Stress Of Steel in N/sqmm
Longer dimension of rectangular link measured to its
24 h =
outer face
25 Hu = Total lateral force acting within the story(Story shear)
26 Hs = Height of the story (Floor height)
27 k = Reduction factor for slenderness moments
Additional moment due to slenderness about major
28 Max =
axis (Along D)
Additional moment due to slenderness about minor
29 May =
axis (Along B)
30 Mminx = Moment due to minimum eccentricity along D
31 Mminy = Moment due to minimum eccentricity along B
Moment capacity of web portion of wall as per clause
32 Muv =
9.4.2 and Annes A of IS 13920 - 2016
Factored moment Along D (Momemt About Major
33 Mux =
Axis)
Factored moment Along B (Momemt About Minor
34 Muy =
Axis)
35 MCap = Moment capacity of section for NA angle at design Pu
36 MRes = Resultant design moment at angle to local major axis
Axial capacity of column along B as defined in
37 Pb =
[Link]
Axial capacity of column along D as defined in
38 Pd =
[Link]
39 Pu = Factored axial force
40 Puz = Axial load on column as defined in 39.6
Sum of Axial loads on all column in the story (Gravity
41 Pu_Total =
Load)
Stability Index (factor for checking sway/ non sway
42 Q =
condition for a given story)
43 S = Link Spacing
Multiplying factor for shear strength of concrete as
44 Shear Strength Enhancement Factor =
per 40.2.2
45 Vur = Factored resultant shear force acting on the column
46 Vux = Factored shear force Along B
47 Vuy = Factored shear force Along D
48 Wcr = Surface Crack Width
49 WcrPerm = Permissible Crack Width required in mm
It is a Neutral Axis angle corresponding to load angle
50 β =
to find out MCap

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Code References:
IS 456
ELEMENT CLAUSE / table
1 Max area of reinforcement : [Link]-a & b
2 Min area of reinforcement : [Link]-a & b
3 Min number of bars : [Link]-c
4 Minimum Eccentricity Calc : 25.4 & 39.2
5 Effective Length : 25.2
6 Slenderness Moments : 25.3 & 39.7
7 Design for axial loads : 39.3
8 Design for axial loads And uniaxial bending : 39.5
9 Design for axial loads And Biaxial bending : 39.6
10 Design of horizontal links : [Link]
11 Design shear strength : 40.2
12 Stiffness Proportion Factor, β : E-1
13 Stability(Index, Q) : E -2
14 Crack width calculation : 3.8
Multiplying factor to Beam Stiffness for
15 : SP 24 1983 APPENDIX D
effective length calculation

IS 13920 - 2016
ELEMENT CLAUSE / table
1 Spacing of special confining reinforcement : 10.4 and 7.6
2 C/s area of special confining reinforcement : 7.6.1
3 Applicability of boundary element : 10.4.1
4 Muv-Moment Capacity of Web : Annex
5 Additional Compressive Force in BE : 10.4.2
6 Check for BE in tension and compression : [Link] and 10.4.3
7 Shear include due to Beam : 7.5
8 Minimum Flexural Strength of Column : 7.2
9 Shear Check at Column Joint : 9.1
10 Length of wall to thickness ratio : 10.1.3
11 Type of wall & Minimum reinforcement : 10.1.4
12 Largest diameter of longitudinal steel bar : 10.1.8
13 Shear reinforcement in RC wall : 10.2.3
Special confinement reinforcement in
14 : 10.4.4
Boundary Element
Minimum vertical reinforcement across
15 : 10.7
horizontal construction joint
Sway Calculation (Stability Index)
For Global-X Direction
Level Load Storey Gravity Relative Storey Stability Sway
Name Height (m) Load P Displacements Shear (kN) Index Condition
(kN) (mm)

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B x C / (A x
A B C D
D)
LOAD 1:
0 m to 1 m 1 543.503 0.124 16.454 0.004 Non Sway
EQ X
1 m to 3.1 LOAD 1:
2.1 66.287 0.886 6.82 0.004 Non Sway
m EQ X
3.1 m to 4 LOAD 1:
0.9 110.113 0.331 15.075 0.003 Non Sway
m EQ X

For Global-Y Direction

Level Load Storey Gravity Relative Storey Stability Sway
Name Height (m) Load P Displacements Shear (kN) Index Condition
(kN) (mm)
B x C / (A x
A B C D
D)
LOAD 3:
0 m to 1 m 1 543.503 0.115 16.454 0.004 Non Sway
EQ Z
1 m to 3.1 LOAD 3:
2.1 66.287 0.901 7.517 0.004 Non Sway
m EQ Z
3.1 m to 4 LOAD 3:
0.9 110.113 0.242 15.075 0.002 Non Sway
m EQ Z

General Data
Column No. : C1
Level : 0 m To 1 m
Frame Type = Lateral
Response Reduction Factor = 3
Design Code = IS 456 : 2000 + IS 13920 : 2016
Grade Of Concrete = M20 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Main) = Fe500 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Shear) = Fe415 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Flexural Design = Fe500 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Shear Design = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 230 mm
Column D = 230 mm
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 750 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 750 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : UnBraced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time
Code defined D/B ratio : 4
D/B Ratio : 1 <= 4 Hence, Design as Column

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Flexural Design (Analysis Forces)

Analysis Reference No. = 3
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 7
[1] : 1.5 (LOAD 5: DL) +1.5
Load Combination =
(LOAD 6: LL)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Pu = 97.12 kN
Mux = 9.8 kNm
Muy = 12.25 kNm
Vux = 16.35 kN
Vuy = -14.71 kN

Effective Length Calculation

Calculation Along Major Axis Of Column
Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness
Column Beam 1 Beam 2
Joint Beta
Stiffness (Length x (Length x Beam 1 Beam 2
Width x Depth) Width x Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
Bottom 20.858 No Beam No Beam - - 1
2730 x 230 x
Top 20.858 No Beam 9.812 - 0.818
250
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Major
= 0.93
Axis

Calculation Along Minor Axis Of Column

Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness
Column Beam 1 Beam 2
Joint Beta
Stiffness (Length x (Length x Beam 1 Beam 2
Width x Depth) Width x Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
Bottom 20.858 No Beam No Beam - - 1
3230 x 230 x
Top 20.858 No Beam 8.293 - 0.842
250
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Minor
= 0.94
axis

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in X-direction
Minimum Eccentricity Along D:
Minimum Eccentricity = Unsupported Length / 500 + D / 30

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= 9.17 mm
Mminx = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.94 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 3.26
< 60 (Hence Ok)
Column Is Unbraced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
Effective Length Factor = 0.93
Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 3.03, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Unbraced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
Effective Length Factor = 0.94
Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 3.07, Column Not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Mmin (Abs) Mdesign Mslndx (Abs) Mdesign-final
A B C E F
Major Axis - Mux 9.8 1.94 9.8 0 9.8
Minor Axis - Muy 12.25 --- 12.25 0 12.25

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 97.12 kN
Mux = 9.8 kNm
Muy = 12.25 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 0.86
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T12
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 51.35 deg

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MRes = 15.68 kNm

MCap = 18.72 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.84 <= 1

Beam Table For Shear Along B &

Shear Along D
Level = 1m
Analysis Reference Number = C1

Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam @ Moment Capacity Beam @ Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Top Top Bot Bot
Mu Mu
cap cap Ly Lx Ly Lx
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
(sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
230x250 0 0.01 17 238.31 339.3 24.26 0 142.99 150.81 11.49 24.26 0 11.49 0
230x250 270 0.06 18.81 267.3 339.3 24.26 0 142.99 150.81 11.49 0 24.26 0 11.49

Effective moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top 0 24.26 24.26 0
Bottom 0 11.49 11.49 0

Shear Calculation Along D Along B

Height of column above 1375 1375
level considered (hst1)
(mm)
Height of column below 375 375
level considered (hst2)
(mm)
Height (hst) (mm) 2000 2000
Sway Right 1.4 x (Left,Bottom + Right,Top) / hst
Vu1 (kN) 16.98 8.04
Sway Left 1.4 x (Left,Top + Right,Bottom) / hst
Vu2 (kN) 8.04 16.98
Critical Analysis Load 32 32
Combination
Critical Load [26] : 0.9 (LOAD 5: [26] : 0.9 (LOAD 5:
Combination DL) -1.5 (LOAD 2: EQ DL) -1.5 (LOAD 2: EQ
-X) -X)
Design shear force, Vu -5.1503 9.2627
(kN)
Design shear, 16.98 16.98
Maximum
(Vu,Vu1,Vu2)
Pu (kN) 49.31 49.31

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Deff , Beff (mm) 184 184

Aeff (sqmm) 42320 42320
Design shear stress, Tv Vu / (B x Deff) Vu / (D x Beff)
Tv (N/sqmm) 0.4013 0.4013
Pt (%) 0.428 0.428
Design shear strength, 0.4493 0.4493
Tc (N/sqmm)
Shear Strength 1 + 3 x Pu / ( B x D x Fck)
Enhancement Factor
(Compressive Force)
1.1748 1.1748
Shear Strength - -
Enhancement Factor
(Tensile Force)
Shear Strength 1.5 1.5
Enhancement Factor
(max)
Shear Strength 1.1748 1.1748
Enhancement Factor
Enhanced shear 0.5278 0.5278
strength, Tc-e
(N/sqmm)
Design shear check Tv < Tc x Enhancement Tv < Tc x Enhancement
factor factor
Shear Links Design Shear Links Not Shear Links Not
Required Required

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 3 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 192 mm
Min. dimension of column = 230 mm
Max. 300 mm = 300 mm
Least lateral edge dimension/2 = 115
Provided spacing = 100 mm

Special confining reinforcement as

per IS 13920 - 2016
6 x Smallest Longitudinal Bar Dia = 6 x 12
= 72 mm
Hence Link Spacing S, = 70 mm
Hoop dimension, h = 170 mm
Gross area of column, Ag = BxD
= 52900 sqmm

Core area of column, Ak =

(B- 2 x cover to Link) x (D- 2 x cover

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to Link)
= 28900 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash1 = (0.18 x S x h x (Fck/Fy) x (Ag/Ak-1))
= 71.15 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash2 = (0.05 x S x h x (Fck/Fy) )
= 23.8 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash = Maximum (Ash1,Ash2)
= 71.15 sqmm
Diameter of special confining link = 10 mm
= > Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 3 mm
Zone for special confining links -
criterion
Max. Size of column,D = 230 mm
Clear height/6 = 125 mm
Minimum value = 450 mm

Since length of Confining > Clear height/2

Length of confining zone = Clear height/2
= 375 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Dia. 8 --- 10 8 10
Spacing 100 --- 70 100 70

General Data
Column No. : C1
Level : 3.1 m To 4 m
Frame Type = Lateral
Response Reduction Factor = 3
Design Code = IS 456 : 2000 + IS 13920 : 2016
Grade Of Concrete = M20 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Main) = Fe500 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Shear) = Fe415 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Flexural Design = Fe500 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Shear Design = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 230 mm
Column D = 230 mm
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2750 mm

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Clear Floor Height @ D = 2750 mm

No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : UnBraced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time
Code defined D/B ratio : 4
D/B Ratio : 1 <= 4 Hence, Design as Column

Flexural Design (Analysis Forces)

Analysis Reference No. = 26
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 22
[16] : 1.5 (LOAD 5: DL) -1.5
Load Combination =
(LOAD 1: EQ X)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Pu = 27.4 kN
Mux = -8.12 kNm
Muy = -4.52 kNm
Vux = 2.29 kN
Vuy = -4.93 kN

Effective Length Calculation

Calculation Along Major Axis Of Column
Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness
Column Beam 1 Beam 2
Joint Beta
Stiffness (Length x (Length x Beam 1 Beam 2
Width x Depth) Width x Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
Bottom 23.176 No Beam No Beam - - 0.818
2730 x 230 x
Top 23.176 No Beam 9.812 - 0.703
250
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Major
= 0.83
Axis

Calculation Along Minor Axis Of Column

Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness
Column Beam 1 Beam 2
Joint Beta
Stiffness (Length x (Length x Beam 1 Beam 2
Width x Depth) Width x Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
Bottom 23.176 No Beam No Beam - - 0.842
3230 x 230 x
Top 23.176 No Beam 8.293 - 0.736
250

Sway Condition (as per Stability = Non Sway

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Index)
Effective Length Factor along Minor
= 0.85
axis

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in X-direction
Minimum Eccentricity Along D:
Minimum Eccentricity = Unsupported Length / 500 + D / 30
= 13.17 mm
Mminx = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.55 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 11.96
< 60 (Hence Ok)
Column Is Unbraced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
Effective Length Factor = 0.83
Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 9.92, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Unbraced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
Effective Length Factor = 0.85
Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 10.16, Column Not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Mmin (Abs) Mdesign Mslndx (Abs) Mdesign-final
A B C E F
Major Axis - Mux -8.12 0.55 -8.12 0 -8.12
Minor Axis - Muy -4.52 --- -4.52 0 -4.52

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 27.4 kN
Mux = -8.12 kNm

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Muy = -4.52 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 0.86
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T12
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 29.09 deg
MRes = 9.29 kNm
MCap = 17.31 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.54 <= 1

Beam Table For Shear Along B &

Shear Along D
Level = 4m
Analysis Reference Number = C1

Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam @ Moment Capacity Beam @ Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Top Top Bot Bot
Mu Mu
cap cap Ly Lx Ly Lx
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
(sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
230x250 0 0.2 4.61 142.99 150.81 11.46 1.24 142.99 150.81 11.46 11.46 0 11.46 0
230x250 270 0.08 2.94 142.99 150.81 11.46 0.43 142.99 150.81 11.46 0 11.46 0 11.46

Effective moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top 0 11.46 11.46 0
Bottom 0 11.46 11.46 0

Shear Calculation Along D Along B

Height of column above 0 0
level considered (hst1)
(mm)
Height of column below 1375 1375
level considered (hst2)
(mm)
Height (hst) (mm) 1625 1625
Sway Right 1.4 x (Left,Bottom + Right,Top) / hst
Vu1 (kN) 9.87 9.87
Sway Left 1.4 x (Left,Top + Right,Bottom) / hst
Vu2 (kN) 9.87 9.87

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Critical Analysis Load 32 32

Combination
Critical Load [26] : 0.9 (LOAD 5: [26] : 0.9 (LOAD 5:
Combination DL) -1.5 (LOAD 2: EQ DL) -1.5 (LOAD 2: EQ
-X) -X)
Design shear force, Vu 1.7682 1.5547
(kN)
Design shear, 9.87 9.87
Maximum
(Vu,Vu1,Vu2)
Pu (kN) 8.14 8.14
Deff , Beff (mm) 184 184
Aeff (sqmm) 42320 42320
Design shear stress, Tv Vu / (B x Deff) Vu / (D x Beff)
Tv (N/sqmm) 0.2332 0.2332
Pt (%) 0.428 0.428
Design shear strength, 0.4493 0.4493
Tc (N/sqmm)
Shear Strength 1 + 3 x Pu / ( B x D x Fck)
Enhancement Factor
(Compressive Force)
1.0289 1.0289
Shear Strength - -
Enhancement Factor
(Tensile Force)
Shear Strength 1.5 1.5
Enhancement Factor
(max)
Shear Strength 1.0289 1.0289
Enhancement Factor
Enhanced shear 0.4623 0.4623
strength, Tc-e
(N/sqmm)
Design shear check Tv < Tc x Enhancement Tv < Tc x Enhancement
factor factor
Shear Links Design Shear Links Not Shear Links Not
Required Required

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 3 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 192 mm
Min. dimension of column = 230 mm
Max. 300 mm = 300 mm
Least lateral edge dimension/2 = 115
Provided spacing = 100 mm

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Special confining reinforcement as

per IS 13920 - 2016
6 x Smallest Longitudinal Bar Dia = 6 x 12
= 72 mm
Hence Link Spacing S, = 70 mm
Hoop dimension, h = 170 mm
Gross area of column, Ag = BxD
= 52900 sqmm
(B- 2 x cover to Link) x (D- 2 x cover
Core area of column, Ak =
to Link)
= 28900 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash1 = (0.18 x S x h x (Fck/Fy) x (Ag/Ak-1))
= 71.15 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash2 = (0.05 x S x h x (Fck/Fy) )
= 23.8 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash = Maximum (Ash1,Ash2)
= 71.15 sqmm
Diameter of special confining link = 10 mm
= > Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 3 mm
Zone for special confining links -
criterion
Max. Size of column,D = 230 mm
Clear height/6 = 458.33 mm
Minimum value = 450 mm

Hence length of confining zone = 460 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Dia. 8 --- 10 8 10
Spacing 100 --- 70 100 70

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