Topic 2 Practice test
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1.
A girl pushes a toy car of mass 0.12 kg on a flat, frictionless surface. The car starts
from rest and it reaches a speed of 2.5 m s-1. The toy car is in contact with the girl’s
hand for 267 ms.
a.
i. Calculate the average force exerted by the girl’s hand on the car. [2 marks]
ii. State how Newton’s third law applies as the girl pushes the toy car. [1 mark]
b. After the girl pushes the car, it collides with a stationary wooden block. The
direction of the car’s momentum does not change, but its magnitude decreases by
60%. The speed of the wooden block after the collision is 2.6 m s-1
i. Show that the mass of the wooden block is approximately 70 g. [3 marks]
ii. State one similarity and one difference between an inelastic and an elastic
collision. [2 marks]
iii. Deduce that the collision between the toy car and block is inelastic. [3 marks]
c. The girl pushes the toy car a second time along the same, frictionless surface.
After the car loses contact with the girl’s hand it reaches a ramp. At this moment,
the car’s wheels are blocked and stop turning, so the car slides up the ramp. The
ramp makes an angle of 130 with the horizontal. The dynamic friction coefficient
between the ramp’s surface and the wheels of the car is 0.17 Assume that all
wheels experience the same normal reaction force and friction force.
i. Draw a fully labeled free-body diagram to represent the forces acting on the toy
car as it travels up the ramp.
ii. Calculate the magnitude of the net force acting on the toy car as it travels up the
ramp. [3 mark]
2. A truck is traveling along a straight, horizontal road at a constant horizontal
velocity of 24 m s-1
a. On the diagram below, draw and label all vertical forces that act on truck. [2m]
b. Explain why the velocity of the truck is constant. In your explanation, refer to
Newton’s laws of motion. [2 marks]
c. The total horizontal resistive force that acts on the truck is 5.4 kN. The efficiency
of the truck’s engine is 28%. Calculate the total power produced by the truck’s
engine. [3 marks]
d. State one reason why not all the power that you calculated in part (c) is used to
keep the truck moving at a constant speed. [1 mark]
e. The truck’s engine is switched off and the truck slows down without applying its
breaks. It takes the truck 21.5 seconds to reach a velocity of 10 m s-1 Assuming that
the resistive force acting on the truck is constant, calculate the mass of the truck.
f. Based on another assumption, the total resistive force consists of two
components: a constant frictional force of 1.2 kN and a second component that is
proportional to the square of the truck’s velocity.
i. State the magnitude of the second component when truck’s velocity is 24 m s-1
[1 mark]
ii. Calculate the total horizontal resistive force when the truck’s velocity is 12 m s-1
[3 marks]
3. A ball is kicked with an initial speed of 2525 m s-1 at an angle of 190 to the
horizontal. A football goal is located at a horizontal distance of D from the initial
position of the ball. The height of the goal is 2.44m. Air resistance is negligible.
It takes the ball 0.68 s to reach the goal.
a. Find D [2 marks]
b. Show that the ball goes over the goal. [3 marks]
c. Find the time it takes the ball to reach the highest point of its motion [1 mark]
