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Thread Scheduling

Thread scheduling in operating systems determines which thread uses the CPU at any time, ensuring efficient resource use and responsiveness. It involves various algorithms like priority-based, round-robin, and FCFS, and can be preemptive or non-preemptive. Effective thread scheduling is crucial for concurrency, resource management, performance, and system responsiveness.

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572 views13 pages

Thread Scheduling

Thread scheduling in operating systems determines which thread uses the CPU at any time, ensuring efficient resource use and responsiveness. It involves various algorithms like priority-based, round-robin, and FCFS, and can be preemptive or non-preemptive. Effective thread scheduling is crucial for concurrency, resource management, performance, and system responsiveness.

Uploaded by

asifmgm514
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

THREAD

SCHEDULING
Introduction
• Thread scheduling in operating systems is the process of

determining which thread gets to use the CPU at any given


time.
• It's a crucial part of operating systems and management of

multiple threads of execution, ensuring efficient use of


resources and responsiveness.
• Essentially, it's the mechanism that decides which thread runs

and for how long.


Key Concepts
Threads:

•Threads are the smallest units of execution within a

process.
CPU Time Allocation:

•Thread scheduling involves allocating CPU time to

different threads, ensuring that each thread gets a


chance to execute.
Scheduling Algorithms
• Various algorithms are used to determine which thread runs

next, such as:


• Priority-based scheduling: Threads are assigned
priorities, and the scheduler chooses the highest priority
thread available.
• Round-robin scheduling: Each thread gets a fixed time

slice of CPU time, and the scheduler cycles through the


threads.
•First-Come, First-Served (FCFS): Threads

are executed in the order they arrive.


•Shortest Job Next (SJN): The thread with the

shortest estimated execution time is chosen


next.
•Multilevel Queue Scheduling: Uses multiple

queues with different priorities.


Preemptive vs. Non-Preemptive
• Preemptive: The scheduler can interrupt a running

thread to run a higher priority thread.


• Non-Preemptive: A running thread continues until it

blocks or completes, even if a higher priority thread


becomes ready.
Context Switching
•When the scheduler switches from one thread to

another, it saves the state of the current thread


and loads the state of the next thread. This is
called context switching.
Synchronization
•Proper synchronization mechanisms are
essential to prevent issues like race conditions
and deadlocks when multiple threads access
shared resources.
Why is Thread Scheduling Important?

•Concurrency

•Resource Management

•Performance

•Responsiveness
Concurrency
•Thread scheduling allows multiple tasks to

appear to run simultaneously, improving system


responsiveness.
Resource Management
•It ensures that resources like the CPU are used

efficiently, preventing one thread from


monopolizing the system.
Performance
•Optimizing thread scheduling can significantly

impact overall system performance and


responsiveness.
Responsiveness
•By scheduling threads effectively, the system

can quickly respond to user input and other


events.

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