NAME: Raffy D.
Liwan
SUBJECT: Child and Adolescent Development
ACTIVITY NO: Assessment 5
ASSESSMENT
A. Identify at least three factors in one's own life that exerted
influence on one's development.
1. Family environment
It is very important to have a healthy and friendly family
atmosphere to develop a good and a strong personality. A child considers
his parent as a role model without analyzing whether they are right or
wrong. Parents should keep this in mind and guide their children in a
positive way. Both father and mother have the role to make their child a
good individual. Over discipline and over protection affects our children
adversely. Over disciplining or over protected children tend to be
dependent always. There should be peaceful and loving environment at
home to develop a positive personality.
2. Mass media and social media
People and crazy to imitate film stars or other famous personalities,
they know through mass media such as television, films and books. It is
nice to imitate the good qualities of an individual, but many of us,
including children try to imitate the bad characters too. Social media also
influence the person's behavior. It is very important to understand the
advantages and disadvantages of such media.
3. School environment
Nowadays schools are giving burdens and stress to students by their
heavy syllabus or curriculum. Parents are also competing to get admission
for their children in reputed schools without understanding the abilities of
their children. The school atmosphere plays a vital role in the
development of personality as the children spend most of their time in
schools. They make friendship from school and the friends influence their
behavior. Teachers also influence the student's personality as the teacher
is the person who can change or modify the behavior of his students. The
school should provide time for play and other group activities, thus the
students will be able to act in a group. The school atmosphere should help
students to attain good characteristics.
B. Describe each of the layers of Bronfenbrenner's
Bioecological Model and give its impact on child and adolescent
development.
1. The microsystem = is the first level of Bronfenbrenner's theory, and
are the things that have direct contact with the child in their immediate
environment, such as parents, siblings, teachers and school peers.
Relationships in a microsystem are bi-directional, meaning the child can
be influenced by other people in their environment and is also capable of
changing the beliefs and actions of other people too.
2. The mesosystem = encompasses the interactions between the child’s
microsystems, such as the interactions between the child’s parents and
teachers, or between school peers and siblings. For instance, if a child’s
parents communicate with the child’s teachers, this interaction may
influence the child’s development. Essentially, a mesosystem is a system
of microsystems.
3. The exosystem is a component of the ecological systems theory
developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner in the 1970s. It incorporates other
formal and informal social structures, which do not themselves contain
the child, but indirectly influence them as they affect one of the
microsystems.
Examples of exosystems include the neighborhood, parent’s workplaces,
parent’s friends and the mass media. These are environments in which
the child is not involved, and are external to their experience, but
nonetheless affects them anyway.
4. The macrosystem is a component of Bronfenbrenner's ecological
systems theory that focuses on how cultural elements affect a child's
development, such as socioeconomic status, wealth, poverty, and
ethnicity.
Thus, culture that individuals are immersed within may influence their
beliefs and perceptions about events that transpire in life.
5. The chronosystem. This system consists of all of the environmental
changes that occur over the lifetime which influence development,
including major life transitions, and historical events.
These can include normal life transitions such as starting school but can
also include non-normative life transitions such as parents getting a
divorce or having to move to a new house.
