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The document discusses the evolution and significance of physical education, emphasizing its role in human development through movement and communication. It defines physical education as an integral part of education aimed at fostering physical, mental, and moral qualities in individuals. The document outlines the objectives of physical education, including physical development, social skills, and moral character, while also noting the historical development of physical education in India post-independence.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
53 views9 pages1000041165
The document discusses the evolution and significance of physical education, emphasizing its role in human development through movement and communication. It defines physical education as an integral part of education aimed at fostering physical, mental, and moral qualities in individuals. The document outlines the objectives of physical education, including physical development, social skills, and moral character, while also noting the historical development of physical education in India post-independence.
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‘MEANING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Itis believed that man or a man-like creature
lived on our earth a million years ago,
although life in its abundant forms existed
even earlier than man. It is not clear as to
how and when man came into being
According to the theory of evolution, he is
the descendant of an ape, a gorilla or a
monkey. But by learning to stand erect,
which enabled him to make his hands free
for doing many delicate jobs, he has
progressed a lot and has left other animals
far behind, in the process of
development.
The remarkable progress of man has been
possible due to his superior intelligence
and his ability to pass on effectively, his
experiences and knowledge to other
members of his species. This transfer of
knowledge could take place in four accepted
methods of communication in the past,
ie,
(i) body movements
(ii) chemical communication through
taste and smell
(iii) speech or sound and
(iv) writing
Communication through taste and smell
is common among animals. It is not clear
CHAPTER I
Changing Trends and Career in
Physical Education
a tA i ee el
as to when the use of speech or sound began
in man but the use of writing dates back
to around 5000 B.C. The earliest written
records are Sumerian word pictures which
date back to 3500 B.C. Itis also known that
writing appeared thousands of years after
the use of spoken language.
The most universal and perhaps the
oldest method of communication along the
road of progress has been the use of body
language or the method of communication
through body gestures and movements. In
the life-cycle of man, body movements or
physical activities come first, speech and
writing appear later. Animals and human
beings have been not only communicating,
but also educating or influencing the
behaviour of their young ones through this
method from very early times.
Several examples of how the young ones
can be taught through body movements
and imitation method, can be found if we
observe minutely how the animals teach
important functions of life to their offspring.
Learning hunting by animals and learning,
flying by birds, by observing and imitating
the movements of their parents is ac
practice that can be noticed «
age-old method of educati ir
J
4
world.
of body movements has been
as Physical Education in the modern
DEFINITION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Physical education, as the very name
suggests, is an integral part of education
which uses movement as the medium of
education. Movement is a gift of Nature
and through this gift, children begin their
growth and development. Physical educa-
tion has been defined in different ways by
the leaders in this field :
1. Physical education is the sum of changes
in the individual caused by experiences
centring in motor activity.
Rosalind Cassidy)
2. Physical education is the sum of those
experiences which come to the individual
through movement.
(Delbert Oberteufer)
3, Physical education is the social process
ees eae of the human
ism, originating primarily from the
of social, big muscle play and
7 moral character
(ii) That this field of education
with movement and its
responses.
(iii) That its objective is the d
of physical, mental, moral and:
qualities in individuals.
Physical education is, therefore, a
which relies on physical activit
realising the objectives. It tries to b
about desirable changes in the behavie
and altitudes of individuals through
activities, It is not merely an activity b
process.
‘AIM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Since physical education has been.
as an integral part of education, it i
necessary that the aim of education an
physical education should be the same. Tk
aim of education is reflected in the obje
of education which have been laid do
by the educationists as
<2) promotion of health
