No.
Psychologist Perspective about the self Personal experience on each
perspective
1 Abraham Maslow The self seeks to meet Learning taekwondo helped me
needs, moving toward grow physically and mentally as I
self-actualization. worked toward personal goals.
2 Carl Rogers The self is shaped by I felt confident competing in
self-concept and fruit shake contests and
unconditional positive taekwondo tournaments
regard. because my mom and family
supported me.
3 William James The self has two I think I’m friendly, but others
aspects: “I” (subjective) find me intimidating or
and “Me” (objective unapproachable.
roles).
4 Edward Tory Higgins The self is shaped by I felt stressed when I didn’t
actual, ideal, and ought achieve the score I expected on
selves, causing conflicts. a quiz.
5 Daniel M. Ogilvie The self is built from Growing up without a “golden
personal narratives and spoon” made me learn to be
life stories. thrifty and manage money well.
6 Sigmund Freud The self is driven by the I often struggle to avoid
id (instincts), ego procrastination despite knowing
(rationality), and I should focus on my tasks.
superego (morality).
7 Erik Erikson The self develops During high school, I explored
through stages, such as my interests by joining sports
identity vs. role team, which helped me discover
confusion in my strengths and passion.
adolescence.
8 Jean Piaget The self grows through I improved my critical thinking
cognitive stages, skills when solving math
learning logic and problems and analyzing
abstract thought. literature in school, which
helped me think more logically.
9 Lawrence Kohlberg The self grows morally, During an argument, I had the
from self-interest to chance to insult someone back,
ethical principles. but I chose to stay calm and
walk away. I understood that
true strength lies in self-control
and avoiding unnecessary
conflicts.