STATISTIC &

PROBABILITY
GRADE 11
4TH QUARTER
WEEK 1
LESSON 1: ACTIVITY 1
A. Identify whether the following is a null hypothesis or an alternative hypothesis.
Null hypothsesis__1. The average age of grade eleven students is 17 years old.
Alternative hypothesis2. The mean content of citric acid in a bottle of juice drinks is greater than 2ml.
Alternative hypothesis3. The average monthly salary of private school teachers is more than P 16,000.
Null hypothesis___4. The mean weight of newborn babies is 0.5 kilograms.
Alternative hypothesis5. The average IQ of Grade 11 students is above 108.

LESSON 2: ACTIVITY 2
B. For each of the following conjecture, state the null (Ho) and the alternative hypothesis
(Ha)

1. The average time to commute from home to school is 30 minutes.

Ho: The average time to commute from home to school is 30 minutest
Ha: The average time to commute from home to school is less than 30 minutes

2. The average number of vehicles passing through NLEX daily is less than 21,000.
Ho: The average number of vehicles passing through NLEX daily is less than 21,000
Ha: The average number of vehicles passing through NLEX daily is not 21,000

3. The average daily number of customer in a convenient store is less than 1025.
Ho: The average daily number of customer in a convenient store is less than 1025
Ha: The average daily number pf customer in a convenient store is not less than 1025

LESSON 3: ACTIVITY 3
Formulating Hypothesis
Task:
 Formulate a null hypothesis and its alternative hypothesis for each of following.
 Write them is symbols

1. The average TV viewing time of all five-year old children is 4 hours daily.
Ho: The average TV viewing time of all five-year old children is 4 hours daily ( μ=4 hours )
Ha: The average TV viewing time of all five-year old children is not 4 hours daily ¿)

2. The college librarian claims that 20 story books on the average are barrowed daily
Ho: The college librarian claims that 20 story books on the average are barrowed daily ( μ=20¿
Ha: The college librarian claims that more than 20 story books on the average are barrowed
daily ( μ ≠ 20)

3. The mean performance of all grade six leavers of a school in the NAT is 35.
Ho: The mean performance of all grade six leavers of a school in the NAT is 35 ( μ=35)
Ha: The mean performance of all grade six leavers of a school in the NAT is less than 35
( μ ≠ 35)
LESSON 4: ACTICITY 4
Applying Hypothesis Testing
Task:
 Study the steps in solving the problems
 Note the procedure and symbol used
 Identify the test whether directional (one tailed test) or non-directional (two tailed test)

1. The net weight of a packet of snack brand is 130 grams. A sample of 80 packets yielded a sample
mean weight of 112 grams with standard deviation of 5.
Ho: H1
(x > μ)
Ha: ( x ≤ μ)
Type of test Non directional test

2. In a graduate college, the average length of registration time during a semester is 120 minutes
with standard deviation of 35 minutes. With the introduction of a new registration procedure, a
random sample of 50 student’s system took an average 80 minutes with standard deviation of 12
minutes.
Ho: H1
x
(x > μ)
Ha: ( x ≤ μ)
Type of test Directional test

3. The average height of grade 8 female students is 158 cm. the mean height of a sample of 100
female students is 160cm with a standard deviation of 6cm.
Ho: Ho
(x=μ)
Ha: H1
( x ≠ μ)
Type of test Non directional test

WEEK 2
LESSON 1: ACTIVITY 1

1. A sociologist believes that it cost more than P 90,000 to raise a child from birth to age 1. A
random sample of 49 families, each with a child is selected to see if this figure is correct. The
average expenses for these families reveal a mean of P 92,000 with standard deviation of P 4500.
Based on these sample data, can it be concluded that the sociologist is correct in his claim? Used
0.05 level of significance.
Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses
Ho: μ=P 90 000
Ha: μ> P 90 000 (claim)
Step 2 Type of test:
One tailed test
 a=0.05
Critical value z ¿±1.65
Step 3 Compute the test, using the formula or test statistic
Given:
The critical z value is 2.326
One-tailed test

Compute the one sample z test value

( x́−μ) √ n
z=
σ
(92 000−90 000) √ 49
¿
4500
z=3.11

LESSON 2: ACTIVITY 2
1. The production manager of large manufacturing company estimates that the mean age of his
employees is 22.8 years. The treasurer of the firm needs a more accurate employee mean age
figure in order to estimate the cost of an annuity benefit program being considered for employees.
The treasurer takes a random sample of 70 workers and finds out that the mean age of employees
sampled is 26.2 years with a standard deviation of 4.6 years. At 0.01 level of confidence, what
can the treasurer conclude about the accuracy of the production manager’s estimate?
Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses
Ho: the mean age of employees is 22.8 years ( μ=22.8)
Ha: the mean age of employees is not 22.8 years ( μ=90,000)
Step 2 Type of test
Two-tailed test
a=0.01
The critical value is
z=± 2.58
Step 3 Compute the test value, using the formula or a test statistic
Given:
z=( x́−μ) √ n σ
=(26.2-22.8) √ 70 4.6
=6.18

LESSON 3: ACTIVITY 3
It is hypothesized that the cost of making a movie is P 24.6 million. This year, a random sample of 15
movies has shown an average production cost of P 28.3 million with standard deviation of P 9.5 million.
At 0.01 level of significance, is the hypothesis cost true?

Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses

Ho: μ=24.6
Ha: μ ≠ 24.6
Step 2 Type of test:

Step 3 Compute the test, using the formula or test statistic

Given:
 ∂
t =2.97
2
x́−u
t= . √n
s
28.3−24.6
¿ . √ 15
9.5
=1.51

WEEK 3
LESSON 1: ACTIVITY 1

1. A sociologist believes that it cost more than P 90,000 to raise a child from birth to age 1. A
random sample of 49 families, each with a child is selected to see if this figure is correct. The
average expenses for these families reveal a mean of P 92,000 with standard deviation of P 4500.
Based on these sample data, can it be concluded that the sociologist is correct in his claim? Used
0.05 level of significance.
Solution:
Step 1 Ho: μ=P 90 000
Ha: μ> P 90 000 (claim)
step 2 Type of test
One tailed test
a=0.05
Critical value z ¿±1.65
Step 3 Compute the test value, using the formula or the statistic
The critical z value is 2.326
One-tailed test

Compute the one sample z test value

( x́−μ) √ n
z=
σ
(92 000−90 000) √ 49
¿
4500
z=3.11

LESSON 2: ACTIVITY 2
1. The production manager of large manufacturing company estimates that the mean age of his
employees is 22.8 years. The treasurer of the firm needs a more accurate employee mean age
figure in order to estimate the cost of an annuity benefit program being considered for employees.
The treasurer takes a random sample of 70 workers and finds out that the mean age of employees
sampled is 26.2 years with a standard deviation of 4.6 years. At 0.01 level of confidence, what
can the treasurer conclude about the accuracy of the production manager’s estimate?

Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses

Ho: the mean age of employees is 22.8 years ( μ=22.8)
Ha: the mean age of employees is not 22.8 years ( μ=90,000)
 Step 2 Type of test
Two-tailed test
a=0.01
The critical value is
z=± 2.58
Step 3 Compute the test value, using the formula or a test statistic
Given:
z=( x́−μ) √ n σ
=(26.2-22.8) √ 70 4.6
=6.18

LESSON 3: ACTIVITY 3
It is hypothesized that the cost of making a movie is P 24.6 million. This year, a random sample of 15
movies has shown an average production cost of P 28.3 million with standard deviation of P 9.5 million.
At 0.01 level of significance, is the hypothesis cost true?

Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses

Ho: μ=24.6
Ha: μ ≠ 24.6
Step 2 Type of test:

Step 3 Compute the test, using the formula or test statistic

Given:
∂
t =2.97
2
x́−u
t= . √n
s
28.3−24.6
¿ . √ 15
9.5
=1.51

LESSON 4: ACTIVITY 4
1. Perpetrators of a crime who have been given the maximum sentence of 10 years are believed by a
fiscal to have been sentenced to no more than 7 years on the average. A random sample of 20 of
this crime offenders reveals a mean sentence of 7.6 years with standard deviation of 2.4 years. Is
the fiscal correct in his suspicious at 0.05 level of significance?

Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses

Ho: ( μ=7)
Ha: ( μ>7)
Step 2 Type of test
Step 3 Compute the test, using the formula or test statistic
Given:
x́−μ
t=
s/√n
7.6−7
¿
2.4/ √ 20
 0.6
¿
0.5366
=1.118

2. The department of environment and natural resources orders the cities in a metropolis with a poor
environmental record to clean up its air. The department states that the cities must ensure a
carbon monoxide content in the air is not more than 50 ppm (parts per million) on average. After
the supposed cleanup, a random sample of 17 air samples had a mean carbon monoxide content
of 65.2 ppm with a sample standard deviation of 12.1 ppm. Does this provide strong evidence that
the cities have not complied with the department’s order? Use alpha 0.05

Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses

Ho:
Ha:
Step 2 Type of test

Step 3 Compute the test, using the formula or test statistic

Given:

WEEK 4
ACTIVITY 1
1. The average baptismal cost includes 50 guests. A random sample of 32 baptismal during the past
year in the National Capital Region had a mean of 53 guest and a standard deviation of 10. Is
there sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level of significance that the average number of guest differs
from the national wage?
Step 1 μ=5 0
μ ≠5 0
Step 2 Two tailed test
a=0.0 5
Step 3 ´
X−μ
Z=
σ /√n
53−50
¿
10/ √32
3
¿
1.767
= 1.697
Step 4 Reject H 0 if z ≤−1.95
Step 5 Since Z=1.697 < 1.95
Thus, fail to reject the H o. There is no sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level of significance
that the average number of guest differs from the national average

2. It is hypothesized that the cost of making a movie is P 24.6 million. This year, a random sample
of 15 movies has shown an average production cost of P 28.3 million with standard deviation of P
9.5 million. At 0.01 level of significance, is the hypothesis cost true?

Step 1 Ho: μ=24.6

Ha: μ ≠ 24.6
Step 2
 Step 3 ∂
t =2.97
2
x́−u
t= . √n
s
28.3−24.6
¿ . √ 15
9.5
=1.51
Step 4
Step 5
LESSON 2: ACTIVITY 2
1. The average amount of rainfall during the summer months is 11.52 inches. A researcher in PAG-
ASA selects a random sample of 10 provinces and finds that the average amount of rainfall last
year was 7.42 inches with standard deviation of 1.3 inches. At 0.01 level of significance, can it be
concluded that the mean rainfall last year was below 11.52 inches?
Solution:

Step 1 H 0 ≥11.5 2
H a=μ< 11.5 2
Step 2 One-tailed test
a=0.0 1
5
CV = =0.17 5
x́
Step 3 7.42−11.52
t= . √ 10=9.97
1.3
Step 4 Since – t 0.01 ( 9 )=−2.821
Then t¿−9.97←2.821 . so t=−9.97 lies in rejection region then reject H 0, and accept H a
.
Step 5 At 2=0.01 level of significance, it is concluded that the rainfall last year was below 11.52
inches

LESSON 3: ACTIVITY 3
An anthropologist believes that the diameter of the skull of a primitive man is more than 7 inches. After
many years of search, 6 skulls of this type is found. The mean diameter of these is found to be 6.8 inches
with standard deviation of 1.2 inches. Can it be concluded that the anthropologist is correct at the 0.05
level of significance?

Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5

LESSON 4: ACTIVITY 4
It is hypothesized that the cost of making a movie is P 24.6 million. This year, a random sample of 15
movies has shown an average production cost of P 28.3 million with standard deviation of P 9.5 million.
At 0.01 level of significance, is the hypothesis cost true?

Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5

WEEK 5
ACTIVITY 1
Formulate the alternative and null hypothesis.
1. A doctor claims that only 10% of all patients exposed to a certain amount of radiation will feel ill
effects. If in random sample, 5 of 18 patients exposed to such radiation feel some ill effects, test
the doctor’s claim at 0.01 level of significance.
Solution:

Step 1 Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis

Ho: A doctor claims that only 10% of all patients exposed to a certain amount of radiation
will feel ill effects. μ=10
Ha: A doctor claims that less than 10% of all patients exposed to a certain amount of
radiation will feel ill effects. μ ≠10

LESSON 2: ACTIVITY 2
1. A concerned citizen group claims that 45% of the people in city a support making beers illegal.
You decided to test this claim and ask random sample of 200 people on the concerned city
whether or not they support making beers illegal. Of the 200 people, 49% support this bill. At
0.05 significance level, is there enough evidence to support this claim?

Ho: A concerned citizen group claims that 45% of the people in city a support making beers
illegal. μ=45
Ha: A concerned citizen group claims that more than 45% of the people in city a support making
beers illegal. μ ≠ 45

2. A researcher claims that the United National Alliance (UNA) will win the election. A total of
4300 voters were polled and 2200 said they would vote for UNA. Is there enough evidence at
0.05 level of significance to support the claim?
Ho: A total of 4300 voters were polled and 2200 said they would vote for UNA
Ha: More than 4300 voters were polled and 2200 said they would vote for UNA

LESSON 3: ACTIVITY 3
 1. A doctor claims that only 10% of all patients exposed to a certain amount of radiation will feel ill
effects. If in random sample, 5 of 18 patients exposed to such radiation feel some ill effects, test
the doctor’s claim at 0.01 level of significance.
Solutions:
Step 1 The proportion of patients exposed to a certain amount of radiation will feel ill effects is 10%.
p=0.10
The proportion of patients exposed to a certain amount of radiation will feel ill effects is not
10%. p<0.1 0
Step 2 z-test
a =0.01
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5

LESSON 4: ACTIVITY 4

1. A concerned citizen group claims that 45% of the people in city a support making beers illegal.
You decided to test this claim and ask random sample of 200 people on the concerned city
whether or not they support making beers illegal. Of the 200 people, 49% support this bill. At
0.05 significance level, is there enough evidence to support this claim?
Solutions:
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
LESSON 1: ACTIVITY 1
The professional organization for private colleges and universities professors reported that more than 17%
of professors attended a national convention in the past year. To test this claim, a researcher surveyed 200
professors and found that 45 had attended a national convention in the past year. At a=0.05 , test the
claim.
Solutions:
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5

LESSON 2: ACTIVITY 2
The school registrar estimates that the dropout rate of freshman in high schools in Valenzuela is 20%.
Last year, 90 freshmen from a random sample of 500 Valenzuela freshmen high school withdrew. At
0.01, is there enough evidence to reject the registrar’s claim?
Solutions:
Step 1
 Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5

LESSON 3: ACTIVITY 3
A certified public accountant (CPA) claims that more than 30% of all accountants advertise. A sample of
400 accountants in Metro Manila showed that 112 had used some form of advertising. At a=0.01, is
there enough evidence to support the claim.
Solutions:
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5

LESSON 4: ACTIVITY 4
It was reported that 54% of kids said that they had snack after school. A random sample of 60 kids was
selected and 36 said that they had their snacks after schools. Test the claim at 0.01 level of significance.
On the basis of the result, should parents be concerned about their children eating a healthy snack?

Solutions:
Step 1 μ=54
μ ≠54
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5