ALTERNATING CURRENT
(Subjective Assignment)
Two Mark Questions
1 In USA the domestic power supply is 110,50 Hz where as in India it is 220V, [Link] on advantage
and disadvantage over USA
2 A galvanometer connected in an A.C. circuit does not show any deflection. Why?
3 A capacitor blocks D.C. but allows A.C to pass through it. Explain. Why?
4 Can we use transformer to step up D.C. voltage? If not, why?
5 Calculate the r.m.s value of alternating current shown in the figure.
6 The algebraic sum of potential drop across the various – elements in LCR circuit is not equal to the
applied voltage. Why?
7 A copper ring is held horizontally and bar magnet is dropped through the ring with its length along the
axis of the ring. Will the acceleration of the falling magnet be equal to, greater than or less than that due
to gravity?
8. A magnet is moved in the direction indicated by an arrow between two coil A B and C D as shown in
the figure. Suggest the direction of current in each coil.
9. A transmitter operates 1 MHz .The oscillating circuit has a capacitance of 200Pf. What is the inductance
and capacitive reactance of the resonant circuit? (1.3H, 800 ohm)
10. Figure shows two electric circuits A and B. Calculate the ratio of power factor of the circuit B to the
Power factor of the circuit A.
11. An inductor L of reactance XL is connected in series with a bulb B to an A.C. source as shown in the
figure. Briefly explain how does the brightness of the bulb change when
(a) Number of turns of the inductor is reduced and
(b) A capacitor of reactance XC =XL is included in series in the same circuit.
12. A current of 4 A flows in the coil when connected to a 12 V dc source. If the same coil is connected to
12 V,50 rad/sec ac source, a current of 2.4 A flows in the circuit
Determine inductance (0.08H)
13. A transformer has an efficiency of 80% and works at 100 volt and 4 KW .If the secondary voltage is
240-volt supply, Calculate primary and secondary currents (40A,13.3A)
14. Power factor can often be improved by the use of capacitor of appropriate capacitance in the circuit,
comment.
Three Marks Question
15. When a series combination of a coil of inductance L and a resistor of resistance R is connected across a
12 V-50 Hz supply, a current of 0.5.A Flows through the circuit. The current differs in phase from
applied voltage by radian. Calculate the value of L and R.
16. An A.C. generator is connected to a sealed box through a pair of terminals. The box may contain R L C
or the series combination of any two of the three elements. Measurements made outside the box reveal
that:
E=75 Sin ωt (in volt) and I= 1.2 Sin (ωt+ )( in ampere)
Name the circuit elements What is the Power factor of the circuit?
What is the rate, at which energy is delivered by the generator to the circuit?
17. Figure (a), (b) and (c) Show three alternating circuits with equal currents. If frequency of alternating emf
be increased, what will be the effect on currents In the three cases. Explain.
18. Does the current in an A.C. circuit lag, lead or remain in phase with the voltage of frequency applied
to the circuit when
(i) = r (ii) < r (iii) > r
Where r is the resonance frequency
19. A capacitor, resistor of 5 and an inductor of 50mH are in series with an ac source marked 100V,
50Hz .It is found that voltage is in phase with the current. Calculate capacitance and impedance of the circuit
(203 f and 5)
20. A resistance of 20 ohm is connected to a source of ac rated 110V,50Hz .Find (a) the rms current (b) the
maximum instantaneous current (c) time taken by the current to change from maximum value to the rms value.
(5.5 A, 7.8A,2.5 ms)
21. A coil has a R=10 and L=0.4H .It is connected to an ac source of 6.5V,30/ [Link] the average
Power consumed in the circuit.
22. A conducting circular loop having a radius 5cm is place perpendicular to B=0.50 T .It is removed from
the field in 0.50 seconds. Find the average emf produced in the loop during this time.
23. An ac voltage E=E0sinwt is applied across a pure capacitor of capacitance C. Show mathematically that
the current flowing through it leads the applied voltage by a phase angle π/2. Draw the graph between
the capacitive reactance and frequency of the applied alternating voltage. In a series L-R circuit X L = R,
power factor is P1. When a capacitor having capacitance such that XC = XL connected in series, power
factor become P2. Find the ratio P1/P2.
24. When an alternating voltage of 220 V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.5 A flows through it and
is in phase with the applied voltage. When the same voltage is applied across another device Y, the same
current flows again through Y but it leads the applied voltage by π/2 radians.(a) Name the devices X and Y (b)
Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when same voltage is applied across the series combination of X and
Y
25. A L-C-R series circuit having L = 5.0 H, C = 80 μF and R = 40 Ω is connected to a variable frequency
230 V source. (a) Determine the source frequency when applied voltage and current are in same phase (b) Show
that the potential drop across the L-C combination is zero (c) calculate the power factor.
26. In L-R series circuit, the potential difference across the inductor ‘L’ and the resistor ‘R’ are 120 V and
90 V respectively and rms value of current is 3 A (1) calculate r.m.s voltage across the circuit. (2) Is the
algebraic sum of the voltage across two components more than the applied voltage? If yes, explain the reason
(3) Calculate the phase angle between the voltage and current.
27. When an inductor L and a resistance R in series are connected across a 12 V , 50Hz ac source, a current
of 0.5A flows in the circuit. The current differs in phase from applied voltage by π/3 radian. Calculate the value
of R.(b) A capacitor and a bulb are connected in series to an ac source. Explain, how the brightness of the bulb
will change when
(a) Distance b/w the plates of the capacitor is increased
(b) A dielectric slab is introduced in the capacitor
28. A pure inductor of 25.0 mH is connected to a source of 220 V. Find the inductive reactance and rms
current in the circuit if the frequency of the source is 50 Hz
29. A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 V to a stepdown transformer with its primary windings
having 4000 turns. What should be the number of turns in the secondary in order to get output power at 230 V?
30. At a hydroelectric power plant, the water pressure head is at a height of 300 m and the water flow available
is 100 m3 s –1. If the turbine generator efficiency is 60%, estimate the electric power available from the plant (g
= 9.8 ms–2 ).
31. A small town with a demand of 800 kW of electric power at 220 V is situated 15 km away from an electric
plant generating power at 440 V. The resistance of the two wire line carrying power is 0.5 Ω per km. The town
gets power from the line through a 4000-220 V step-down transformer at a sub-station in the town. (a) Estimate
the line power loss in the form of heat. (b) How much power must the plant supply, assuming there is negligible
power loss due to leakage? (c) Characterise the step up transformer at the plant
