Total No.

of printed pages___

Atomic Energy Education Society

Session: 2023-24
Class: XII Subject: Physics
WORKSHEET NO. – 1
Name of the Chapter: Alternating Current

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

1. In which of the following circuit power dissipation is maximum?
a) Pure capacitive circuit
b) Pure inductive circuit
c) Pure resistive circuit
d) LR or LCR circuit
2. The core of a transformer is laminated to reduce the effect of
a) Fluk leakage
b) Copper loss
c) Hysteresis loss
d) Eddy current
3. The rms current in a circuit connected to 50 Hz ac source is 15 A. The value of the current
1
in the circuit (600) s after the instance the current is zero is
15 √2
a) 𝐴 b) 15√2 A c) 15 𝐴 d) 8 A
√2
4. The voltage across a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor connected in series to an ac source
are 20 V, 15 V and 30 V respectively. The resultant voltage in the circuit is
a) 5 V b) 20 V c) 25 V d) 65 V
5. With increase in frequency of an A.C. supply, the impedence of a series LCR circuit
a) Remains constant
b) Increases
c) Decreases
d) Decreases at first, becomes minimum and then increases.
6. The efficiency of transformer is very high because
a) There is no moving part
b) It uses AC only
c) It uses the copper wire for the coils
d) None of the above
7. Relation between rms voltage and instantaneous voltage of an AC
𝑉
a) 𝑉𝑜 = 𝑟𝑚𝑠
√2
𝑉0
b) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
√2
c) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 0.707 𝑉𝑜
d) Both (b) and (c)
Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is true
8. Assertion (A): A step up transformer cannot be used as a step down transformer
Reason (R): A transformer works only in one direction
9. Assertion (A): Capacitor blocks dc and allows ac to pass.
Reason (R): Capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to frequency.
1 𝐿
10. Assertion (A): Quality factor of a series LCR circuit is Q = 𝑅 √𝐶 .
Reason (R): As bandwidth decreases, Q increases in a resonant LCR circuit.
One Mark Question (1 Mark)
1. If the number of turns per unit length of a coil of a solenoid is doubled, how will its self-
induction changes?
2. An iron- cored solenoid has self-inductance 2.8 H. When the core is removed, the self-
inductance becomes 2 mH. What is the relative permeability of the core?
3. What is the relationship between the transformation ratio and the voltage?
4. Does the step down transformer violate the principle of conservation of energy?
5. What is the power factor of a series LCR circuit at resonance?
6. The power factor of an ac circuit is 0.5. What is the phase difference between voltage and
current in the circuit?
7. An alternating current from a source is given I = 10sin 314𝑡. What is effective value of
current and frequency of source?
8. What is the dimension of the impedence?
9. An ac source is rated at 220 V, 50 Hz. What is the time taken for the voltage to change
from its peak value to zero?
10. When an alternating current is passed through a moving coil galvanometer, it shows no
deflection. Why?

Two Mark Question (2 mark)

1. An alternating voltage V = 140 sin 314 t is connected across a 50 Ω resistor. Find (i) The
frequency of the source, (ii) The rms current through the resistor.
2. The current through a resistor is 2 A when connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz line. Find the value
of capacitor which is to be connected to reduce the current to 1 A.
3. A power generating station produces electric power 600 kW at 4000 V which is to be
transported to a distant village. The turns ratio of the step up transformer used at the
generating station is 1:10. In the village if the voltage to be supplied at 200 V, then what
will be the turns ratio of the step down transformer?
4. State underlying principle of a transformer. How is the long distance transmission of
electric energy over long distances done with the use of transformers?
5. An athlete peddles a stationary tricycle whose pedals are attached to a coil having 100 turns
each of area 0.1𝑚2 . The coil, lying in XY plane, is rotated in this plane at the rate of 50
 rpm, about the z-axis, in a region where a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ =0.01𝒌̂ Tesla is present.
Find the (i) maximum emf generated (ii) average emf generated in the coil over one
complete rotation.
6. Calculate the current drawn by the primary of a 90% efficient transformer which steps
down 220 V to 22 V, if the output resistance is 440 Ω.
7. (a) Explain the term ‘sharpness of resonance’ in ac circuit.
(b) In a series LCR circuit, 𝑉𝐿 = 𝑉𝐶 ≠ 𝑉𝑅 . What is the value of power factor for this circuit?
8. In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which
(i) Impedence of the circuit is minimum
(ii) Wattless current flows in the circuit.
9. A resistor R and an inductor L are connected in series to a source of voltage V = 𝑉𝑜 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡.
𝜋
The voltage is found to lead current in phase by 4 . If the inductor is replaced by a capacitor
𝜋
C, the voltage lags behind current in phase by 4 . When L, C and R are connected in series
with the same source, Find the (i) averaged power dissipated and (ii) Instantaneous current
in the circuit.
10. Why is the use of ac voltage prefered over dc voltage? Give reasons.

Three Mark Question (3 Mark)

1. An a.c source generating a voltage ε = 𝜀0 𝑠𝑖𝑛ω𝑡 is connected to a capacitor C. Find the
expression for the current I flowing through it. Plot a graph of ε and I versus ωt to show the
𝜋
current is ahead of the voltage by 2 .
2. An a.c voltage V = 𝑉𝑜 𝑠𝑖𝑛ω𝑡 is applied across a pure inductor of inductance L. Find an
expression for the current I, flowing in the circuit and show mathematically that the current
𝜋
flowing through it lags behind the applied voltage by a phase angle of 2 . Also draw graphs
of V and I versus ωt for the circuit.
3. A capacitor and resistor are connected in series with an ac source of voltage of frequency
50 Hz. The potential difference across C and R are respectively 120 V and 90 V, the current
in the circuit is 3 A. Calculate (i) the impedance of the circuit (ii) the value of the
inductance, which when connected in series with C and R will make the power factor of
the circuit unity.
4. Explain with the help of diagram, the working of a step-down transformer. Why is a
laminated iron core used in transformer?
5. Derive the expression for the impedance (Z) of a pure inductor in an AC circuit and explain
its phase relationship with the voltage across the inductor.

Five Mark Question (5 Mark)

1. (a)Draw a labelled diagram of an ac generator.
Obtain the expression for the emf induced in the rotating coil of N turns each of cross-
sectional area A, in the presence of a magnetic field.
(b) A horizontal conducting rod 10 m long extending from east to west is falling with a
 speed 5.0 ms-1 at right angles to the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field,
0.3 × 10-4 Wb m-2. Find the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the rod.
2. A device ‘X’ is connected to an ac source V = 𝑉𝑜 sin ωt. The variation of voltage, current
and power in one cycle is shown in the following graph:
(a)Identify the device ‘X’.
(b) Which of the curves A, B and C represent the voltage, current and the power
consumed in the circuit? Justify your answer.

(c) How does it impedance vary with frequency of the ac source ? Show graphically.
(d) Obtain an expression for the current in the circuit and its phase relation with ac
voltage.
3. (i) An a.c. source of voltage V = V0 sin ωt is connected to a series combination of L, C and
R. Use the phasor diagram to obtain expressions for impedance of the circuit and phase
angle between voltage and current. Find the condition when current will be in phase with
the voltage. What is the circuit in this condition called?
(ii) In a series LR circuit XL = R and power factor of the circuit is P1. When capacitor with
capacitance C such that XL = XC is put in series, the power factor becomes P2. Calculate
P1/P2.
4. (a) State the principle of working of a transformer.
(b) Define the efficiency of a transformer.
(c) State any two factors that reduce the efficiency of a transformer.
(d) Calculate the current drawn by the primary of a 90 % efficient transformer which steps
down 220 V to 22 V, if the output resistance is 440 Ω.
5. Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with
frequency of applied ac source. Draw the phasor diagram for a series LRC circuit connected
to an AC source. When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a device X, a
current of 0.25A flows which lags behind the applied voltage in phase by π/2 radian. If the
same voltage is applied across another device Y, the same current flows but now it is in
phase with the applied voltage.
(i) Name the devices X and Y.
(ii) (ii) Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is applied
across the series combination of X and Y.