Q2 a) Define stress and strain and explain their types. 1. Stress: * Definition: Stress is defined as the force applied per unit area of a material. It quantifies the internal resistance of a material to deformation. * Types of Stress: * Tensile Stress: Occurs when a material is subjected to pulling forces, causing it to stretch. + Compressive Stress: Occurs when a material is subjected to compressive forces, causing it to shorten. * Shear Stress: Occurs when forces are applied parallel to the surface, causing layers of the material to slide past one another. 7:2. Strain: * Definition: Strain is the measure of deformation representing the displacement between particles in a material body. * Types of Strain: * Tensile Strain: The ratio of the change in length to the original length when the material is stretched. * Compressive Strain: The ratio of the change in length to the original length when the material is compressed. * Shear Strain: The ratio of the change in the angle between two lines in the material to the original angle.£) otatve the velation “ship bebioetn yongis medulus CE) Bulk rey, (kK) and modulus of aistdtty (im) using PBFon's wosfol A) : Aps, we hove, | Relobion bebwetn £1 bi F226(14M) O | Atoakon pehoween F»Ki A | E=2¢u (1-24) = © | from @ ,E_ 2 4 | 1a 1 Bee! 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