CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This methodology is outlined in this chapter, in gathering

data for this study. It focuses on the study, the research
instrument, data gathering procedures, and data processing
method.

Design

This study employs a quantitative survey method to

investigate potential tenants' experiences and decision-making
processes related to occupancy rates, payment methods, and the
management of tenants within boarding houses. The research
utilizes descriptive research design to gather data efficiently,
aiming to swiftly capture pertinent information relevant to the
capstone project. This methodological choice enables the
researchers to systematically assess the effectiveness of current
practices in locating boarding houses, managing tenant details,
and listing vacancies, providing a structured framework for
analyzing quantitative data and drawing reliable conclusions.

Environment/Locale

The areas that the researchers have chosen to conduct the

interview of the landlord and survey to tenants are located in
Bogo City, Cebu. Following the adoption of Republic Act 9390
“Charter of The City Of Bogo” on June 16, 2007, the municipality
of Bogo was elevated to the status of city in Cebu. Announced by
the former representative Clavel Asas-Martinez the cityhood of
Bogo has been signed. The city is located northeastern coast of
Cebu province, 99 kilometers away from the main city, island of
Cebu. According to the 2020 census, its population is 88,867
people (Bulambot, 2007).
Respondents/Participants

The researchers conducted an initial interview for landlord

and also conducted initial survey for twenty (20) tenants.
The researchers used purposive sampling under non-scientific
sampling with the tenants age that ranges 18-40 years old
regardless of gender, in selecting the participants for data
gathering. By using the purposive sampling, it is more convenient
and easier to use a sample technique for researchers because with
that the researchers can easily identify and relate survey
questionnaires to each of the requisite characteristics of the
individuals that serve as the study’s respondents such as
potential tenants, landlords and SASO.

Table 1
Distribution of Respondents

Categories Respondents(n) Percentage

Rental Property 10 8.85%
Owner
Tenants 50 44.2%

Potential Tenants 50 44.2%

IT experts 3 2.65%

Total 113 100%

Instruments/Sources of Data

The researchers used the researcher-made questionnaire in

gathering data that is based on ISO 25010 to evaluate the
system’s usability of the study. The researchers set two types of
questionnaires to collect the data to be used in the study. The
first set of questionnaires is designed for survey composed of
open-ended questioner and Likert scale with boarding house
landlord and tenants as well as the potential tenants while the
second set comprised a combination of close-ended and open-ended
questions directed at IT Experts.

To describe the students’

English academic
performance,
the scale will be used and it
will be responded as follows:
Scale Description
4.21 - 5.00 Excellent
3.41 - 4.20 Very Good
2.61 – 3.40 Good
1.81 – 2.60 Fair
1.00 – 1.80 Needs
Improvemen
For the survey with landlord, tenants, and potential tenants
the questions focus on the functional suitability, interaction
capability, and reliability under the characteristics of ISO
25010. This provides insights into the operational hurdles that
respondents encounter and helps identify areas where
technological solutions could bring improvements.

The second set of questionnaires, aimed at IT Experts,

combines both close-ended and open-ended questions. Close-ended
questions allow respondents to choose from predefined options,
facilitating the quantification of data and identification of
common trends. The open-ended questions were created to cover
every aspect. of ISO 25010, functional suitability, performance
efficiency, compatibility, interaction capability, reliability,
security, maintainability, flexibility, and safety. The insights
obtained from both sets of questionnaires informed the design,
quality and functionality of the proposed CommunoStay system,
ensuring it effectively meets the identified needs and
challenges.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers prepared a transmittal letter addressed to

respondents, seeking permission to collect data for the study.
The letter then submits to landlord and tenants emphasizes that
respondents’ cooperation is integral to the study conducted by
the researchers. The researchers then initiate initial interviews
with one (1) landlord after transmittal letter was signed that
serves as a crucial foundation for understanding gaps within the
study together with twenty (20) tenants. These interview and
surveys provided context, highlight specific challenges, and
inform subsequent research steps. While respondents filled out
the survey questionnaires, the researchers were available in case
anyone needed assistance. Additionally, respondents were
encouraged to complete the questionnaire honestly to ensure valid
results.

After the data gathering thru surveys and interview, the

researchers then proceed to development of the system. The data
gathered determined the system’s functionality and features. Once
the system is development is done, User feedback questionnaires
distributed to landlord, tenants, potential tenants, and IT
experts.

Data Analysis/ Treatment of Data

The answers to every question asked during the first

interviews were used by the researchers to collect, evaluate, and
analyze data. The respondents' identified and defined areas of
difficulty were determined through the use of content analysis.
The responses from the respondents were then used to evaluate the
data in order to draw conclusions and gain insights into the
problems and challenges that were found to be within the purview
of the study.

Ethical Considerations

This section presents a discussion of the ethical actions

made before, during and after the data collection.

[Link] of Human Rights

Each participant will be provided with an informed consent

form after being briefed about the purpose of the study. They
will be informed of their right to withhold any information they
are uncomfortable sharing and their right to withdraw from the
study at any time. The study will receive ethical approval from
the Research Ethics Committee (REC). Standard practices will be
employed to minimize risks and maximize benefits for
participants.

[Link] of this Project to Participants

 Respondents are not expected to face any risks by
participating in this study. Participation is entirely
voluntary, and all disclosed information will be kept
strictly confidential. Survey forms will not contain any
identifying information. The study methodology will be
thoroughly explained to respondents, and absolute honesty in
answering the questions is requested. Respondents will not
be pressured into participating.

[Link], Comprehension, and Documentation of Informed Consent

Participant Status

Part of the consent is the status of the participant

and the distinction of research and treatment is explained.
Landlords are a key factor in giving rental services to
tenants and providing the necessities. The information
obtained from participants in the study will serve as a
valuable resource for researchers to enhance the development
and effectiveness of methods used in acquiring and
accommodating different rental brackets. Information
regarding the data obtained from the participant is for
capstone research purposes. Further, it will be explained
how respondents are chosen.

Study Goals

This study aims to provide an efficient way of

locating rental boarding house services and increase rental
market to maintain high occupancies. The findings of this
study will provide the administrators a foundation upon
which to build a platform aimed at enhancing the renting
experience of both landlords and tenants.

Type of Data
 This type of data to be collected will be discrete
data. All data involve numbers or integers representing the
number of occupancies and prospective renters. Data is
collected using questionnaires. The researchers will request
permission in writing from the landlord of the boarding
house where the study was conducted in order to gather the
necessary data. Surveys will be sent out following approval,
and when respondents complete the questionnaires, the
researchers will compile their answers.

Procedures

Access to private information will be solicited

through authorization. Ethical approval of the study will be
obtained through written permission from the landlord and
tenants; also, written informed consent was obtained from
the participating landlords and tenants. All the data
gathered will be assured confidential by the researcher.
Identifiers will not be included in the survey
questionnaire.

Nature of the Commitment

Participants will be advised that the survey would

take only 10–20 minutes to answer the paper. The test should
take an additional 20–30 minutes, participants will be told.
They will also be made aware of the study's duration, which
is expected to take seven months to finish.

Sponsorship

The persons or associations that funded the study are

known to the participants. Sponsors will be notified that
the study was carried out by the researchers for
professional development and as a requirement for earning a
degree.
Participant Selection

A portion of the consent will also apply to the number

of participants or respondents needed for this survey. The
study will involve landlords in the City of Bogo, utilizing
the purposive sample technique.

Potential Risks

The researchers will advise the participants that

there are no known risks involved in taking part in the
study and that they are free to omit any information from
the questions that causes them discomfort. They will
willingly respond to questionnaires.

Alternatives

Participants will be told that a first choice

procedure was made available for them according to their
preference or convenience in taking part in the study
whether to withhold certain information or to further
provide details that might be very helpful in the conduct of
the study.

Compensation

The study is voluntary to participate and the

researchers informs the respondents that in spite of their
hectic schedules, they truly value their voluntary work and
time. The study is fully voluntary, and there will be no
compensation provided.

Confidentiality Pledge

Participants will be assured that information shall be

treated confidentially and that the information taken from
the respondents was dealt with the utmost confidentiality.
 Voluntary Consent

Moreover, informed consent will contain information

that the participation of the respondents would not affect
their personal life and their work.

Right to Withdraw and Withhold Information

Respondents’ rights to withdraw and withhold specific

information, even at the start of the inquiry, will be
included in the informed consent. They are reassured that
all information will be treated with the utmost
confidentiality.

Contact Details

Reflected also in the consent form are the details of

the researcher to be able to know the researchers well and
to avoid the risk of the participants during the study
conducted in the said locale.

[Link] and Confidentiality

All gathered data will be treated with strict

confidentiality, and all surveys will be stored securely.
The researcher will ensure that respondents' identities
remain anonymous in the dissemination of research results.
All data management will adhere to the highest standards in
compliance with the DATA PRIVACY ACT OF 2012. Each
respondent in this study will receive a copy of the informed
consent form.

[Link], Communication and Referrals

The researchers will express his heartfelt gratitude

to the respondents and discuss the intent to conduct the
study after the survey questions will be answered completely
 by the respondents. Since they are fully informed of the
purpose of the study, respondents will be given the choice
to withdraw the data. Respondents will be requested not to
disclose the procedure employed in the study to anyone who
might participate for this could affect the results of the
study conducted. The researcher will discuss the final
report with the respondents during the debriefing procedure.
A copy of the study will be provided to the respondents
should they wish to have one.

[Link] or Compensation

Respondents will not receive any compensation in their

participation in this study. However, a small token shall be
provided for each participant during each session as part of
the intervention of this study.

[Link] of Interest

There will be no conflict of interest in this study

since personal interests have no influence on the
researcher's decision on who, how, when, where, and why the
study will be undertaken. An agreement will be reached to
keep the respondents' identity if other persons wish to
publish this capstone project. To avoid conflict of
interest, if monetary matters are required by the capstone
adviser, the researcher will cooperate and adhere to the
appropriate agreements. An official research agreement will
be provided, containing the prerequisites, terms &
conditions, and legally of using the research study for
future reference.

[Link]

There will be a discussion on a manner of recruitment

including appropriateness of identified recruiting parties.
There shall be no presence of coercion, intimidation, or
improper influence used to attract participants.
 Participants have the right to refuse to participate or
withdraw without penalty. They will be asked to withdraw at
any moment if they do not feel comfortable continuing to
participate.

[Link] Assessment

The selection of participants for this study will take

into account appropriate vulnerability measures. Inclusion
Criteria involve participants who will take part in the
study who are the only ones to be included to participate
and answer the survey questions. Landlords around Bogo City
and tenants of boarding houses around Bogo City are the only
ones recruited for the data collection process. The profile
of the respondents will be part of the data to be collected
which include the highest educational attainment. Exclusion
criteria are those who have diseases and disabilities and
those who are incapable of participating. Also, pregnant
women are not included and are not made to participate in
the study.

[Link] Study Terms of Reference

The researcher and the dissertation adviser will set

an agreement that includes intellectual property rights,
publication rights, information and responsibility sharing,
transparency, and capacity building as terms of reference
for collaborative study.
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