Review Innovations CE Review for April 2024 – Strength of Materials 1

Axial Stress and Strain PROBLEM 4: CE Board November 2010

Axial Stress
A heavy ring moulding of diameter 2 m is supported by six
𝑷 steel wires of equal lengths and attached at points spaced
𝝈=
𝑨 uniformly along the circumference of the moulding. The
Axial Strain moulding weighs 2.5 kN/m per meter of its circumference.
𝜹
𝜺= 1. Find the tension in each steel wire.
𝑳
Modulus of Elasticity 2. What is the diameter of the wire that will not exceed
the allowable stress of 124 MPa?
𝝈
𝑬= 3. If the wires are 6 mm in diameter, find the vertical
𝜺
displacement of the moulding.
Deformation
𝑷𝑳
𝜹=
𝑨𝑬

PROBLEM 1:
`
The concrete post as shown in the figure below is
reinforced axially with four symmetrically placed steel bars,
each of cross-sectional area 900 mm2. Compute the stress in
each material when the 1000 kN axial load is applied. The
moduli of elasticity are 200 GPa for steel and 14 GPa for
concrete.
PROBLEM 5:

A wire 4 meters long is stretched horizontally between

points 4 meters apart. The wire is 25 mm2 in cross-section
with a modulus of elasticity of 200,000 MPa. A load, W, placed
at the center of the wire produces a sag, Δ.
1. Find the tension in the wire if sag, Δ, is 30 mm.
2. What is the magnitude of the load, W, if sag, Δ, is
54.3 mm?
3. If W is 60 N, what is the sag?

FOR PRACTICE:
PROBLEM 2: CE Board November 1992 PROBLEM 6:

A steel cylinder with 300 mm outside diameter and wall A column ABCD supports several loads as shown. Segment
thickness of 20 mm is filled with concrete and used as a pier to AB is 3 m long with a cross-sectional area of 8,000 mm2,
support an axial load in compression. If the allowable stresses segment BC is 2 m long with an area of 2,000 mm2 while
are 140 MPa for steel and 12 MPa for concrete and if the segment CD is 4 m long with an
modulus of elasticity for steel is 200 GPa and for concrete is area of 12,000 mm2. The modulus
19.2 GPa, what is the allowable load for the pier? of elasticity is 20 GPa.
1. Determine the axial stress
PROBLEM 3: in segment AB.
2. Calculate the axial strain in
A rigid bar ABC is supported by three identical wires (1), segment BC.
(2), and (3) (see figure). The bar ABC is horizontal before load, 3. Find the total axial
P, is applied. Assume the bar and the wires are weightless. deformation of the column.
1. Determine the tension in wire (2).
2. Calculate the tension in wire (3).
3. Find the tension in wire (1).

Ans. −𝟑𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 𝑴𝑷𝒂, −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐 𝒎𝒎/𝒎𝒎 , 𝒂𝒏𝒅

−𝟏𝟔. 𝟔𝟗 𝒎𝒎

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 Review Innovations CE Review for April 2024 – Strength of Materials 1
PROBLEM 7: CE Board November 1994

Find the shortening of a column of length, L, with concrete

area AC and steel area AS when subjected to axial load, P. The
modulus of elasticity of concrete and steel is EC and ES,
respectively.
𝑷𝑳
Ans. 𝜹 =
𝑨𝒄 𝑬𝒄 + 𝑨𝒔 𝑬𝒔

PROBLEM 8: CE Board May 1992

A load, P, is supported by three (3) wires as shown. All

members are identical except in length.
1. Determine the force in wire AD.
2. Find the force in wire BD.
Ans. 𝟏𝟎𝟔. 𝟏 𝑴𝑷𝒂 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟏𝟗𝟏. 𝟖 𝑴𝑷𝒂
3. Calculate the vertical deflection of point D.
PROBLEM 12:

An aluminum rod is rigidly attached between a steel rod

and a bronze rod as shown in the figure below. Axial loads are
applied at the positions indicated. Find the maximum value of
P that will not exceed a stress in steel of 140 MPa, in aluminum
of 90 MPa, or in bronze of 100 MPa.

𝟖𝟎𝑷 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝑷 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝑷𝑳

Ans. , , 𝒂𝒏𝒅
𝟐𝟓𝟑 𝟐𝟓𝟑 𝟐𝟓𝟑𝑨𝑬

PROBLEM 9:

A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of 100 mm

must carry a tensile load of 400 kN. Determine the outside Ans. 𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑵
diameter of the tube if the stress is limited to 120 MN/m2.
PROBLEM 13:
Ans. 𝟏𝟏𝟗. 𝟑𝟓 𝒎𝒎

PROBLEM 10: CE Board November 2003, 2004 Determine the largest weight, W, that can be supported by
two wires as shown in the figure below. The stress in either
The lower ends of the three bars shown are at the same wire is not to exceed 207 MPa. The cross-sectional areas of
level before the rigid homogenous 18 Mg block is attached. wires AB and AC are 258 mm2 and 320 mm2, respectively.
Each steel bar has an area of 600 mm2 and E = 200 GPa. For
the bronze rod, the area is 900 mm2 and E = 83 GPa.
1. Find the stress in the bronze rod.
2. Calculate the axial stress in the steel rod.
3. Determine the elongation of each rod.

Ans. 𝟕𝟓 𝒌𝑵

Ans. 𝟑𝟐 𝑴𝑷𝒂, 𝟏𝟐𝟑 𝑴𝑷𝒂, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐 𝒎𝒎

PROBLEM 11:

The following figure shows a rigid bar that is supported by

a pin at A and two rods, one made of steel and the other of
bronze. Neglecting the weight of the bar,
1. Find the stress in the bronze rod.
2. Calculate the axial stress in the steel rod.

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 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194  (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998