Civil Engineering November 2023 REVIEW INNOVATIONS Strength of Materials 1
A rigid bar ABC is supported by three identical 1. Find the tension in the wire if sag Δ is 30 mm.
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS wires (1), (2) and (3) (see figure). The bar ABC is
2. What is the magnitude of the load W if sag Δ is
horizontal before the load P is applied. Assume the
Axial Stress and Strain
54.3 mm?
bar and the wires are weightless.
3. If W is 60 N, what is the sag?
Axial Stress, 1. Determine the tension in wire (2).
or
2. Calculate the tension in wire (3).
Problem 6.
Axial Strain, Deformation, 3. Find the tension in wire (1).
A column ABCD supports several loads as
shown. Segment AB is 3m
Modulus of Elasticity, 50 kN
P long with a cross-sectional
(1) (2) (3) area of 8,000 mm , segment
2
100 kN 100 kN
2m 1m 1m BC is 2m long with an area A
A B C
of 2,000 mm2 while segment
Problem 1. CE Board: November 1994
CD is 4m long with an area
of 12,000 mm2. The 85 kN B 85 kN
Find the shortening of a column of length L
with concrete area AC and steel area AS when Problem 4. CE Board May 1992 modulus of elasticity is 20
subjected to axial load P. The modulus of elasticity A load P is supported by three (3) wires as GPa. 200 kN C 200 kN
of concrete and steel is EC and E S, respectively. shown. All members are identical except in length. 1. Determine the axial
1. Determine the force in wire AD. stress in segment AB.
Problem 2. 2. Find the force in wire BD. 2. Calculate the axial strain D
in segment BC.
The concrete post as shown in the figure is 3. Calculate the vertical deflection of point D.
reinforced axially with four symmetrically placed 3. Find the total axial deformation of the column.
steel bars, each of cross-sectional area 900 mm2. 3L 3L
Compute the stress in each material when the 1000- 4 4
FOR PRACTICE:
kN axial load is applied. The moduli of elasticity are A B C
200 GPa for steel and 14 GPa for concrete. Problem 7. CE Board: November 1992
L
A steel cylinder with 300 mm outside diameter
and wall thickness of 20 mm is filled with concrete
D and used as a pier to support an axial load in
compression. If the allowable stresses are 140 MPa
P for steel and 12 MPa for concrete and if the modulus
Problem 5. of elasticity for steel is 200 GPa and for concrete is
19.2 GPa, what is the allowable load for the pier?
A wire 4 meters long is stretched horizontally
between points 4 meters apart. The wire is 25 mm2 Ans: 2,836 kN
in cross-section with a modulus of elasticity of Problem 8. CE Board: November 2010
200,000 MPa. A load W placed at the center of the
wire produces a sag Δ. A heavy ring moulding of diameter 2 m. is
Problem 3. supported by six steel wires of equal lengths and
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Civil Engineering November 2023 REVIEW INNOVATIONS Strength of Materials 1
attached at points spaced uniformly along the bronze Problem 12.
circumference of the moulding. The moulding 0.6 m
An aluminum rod is rigidly attached between a
weighs 2.5 kN/m per meter of its circumference.
steel steel steel rod and a bronze rod as shown in Fig. STR-
1.0 m 108. Axial loads are applied at the positions
5m 5m indicated. Find the maximum value of P that will
A B C not exceed a stress in steel of 140 MPa, in aluminum
3m of 90 MPa, or in bronze of 100 MPa.
Ans: 10 kN
W
1. Find the stress in the bronze rod.
2m
Ans: 32 MPa
1. Find the tension in each steel wire. 2. Calculate the axial stress in the steel rod.
Ans: 2.76 kN Ans: 123 MPa
2. What is the diameter of the wire that will not 3. Determine the elongation of each rod.
exceed the allowable stress of 124 MPa. Ans: 0.62 mm
Ans: 5.33 mm Problem 11.
3. If the wires are 6 mm in diameter, find the Figure shows a rigid bar that is supported by a
vertical displacement of the moulding. Fig. STR-108
pin at A and two rods, one made of steel and the
Ans: 1.627 mm other of bronze. Neglecting the weight of the bar; Problem 13
Problem 9. 1. Find the stress in the bronze rod. Determine the largest weight W that can be
Ans: 106.1 MPa supported by two wires shown in Fig. STR-109. The
A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of stress in either wire is not to exceed 207 MPa. The
100 mm must carry a tensile load of 400 kN. 2. Calculate the axial stress in the steel rod.
cross-sectional areas of wires AB and AC are 258
Determine the outside diameter of the tube if the Ans: 191.8 MPa
mm2 and 320 mm2, respectively.
stress is limited to 120 MN/m2.
Ans: 119.35 mm Ans: 75 kN
Problem 10. CE Board: Nov. 2003, Nov. 2004
The lower ends of the three bars shown are at the
same level before the rigid homogenous 18 Mg
block is attached. Each steel bar has an area of 600
mm2 and E = 200 GPa. For the bronze rod, the area
is 900 mm2 and E = 83 GPa.
Fig. STR-109
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