ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (IUT)
ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION (OIC)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
COURSE: EEE 4102 (ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT I LAB.)
EXPERIMENT NO.: 9
NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT : STUDY OF SERIES AND PARALLEL R-L-C
CIRCUIT.
OBJECTIVE:
i) To be familiar with ac quantities, their phase and phase differences.
ii) As the ac quantities are vectors (Phasor), their additions, subtractions, and
multiplications are in vector form. Hence, to be familiar with the drawing of vector
diagrams of RLC series and parallel circuits.
THEORY
The phase of an alternating quantity is very important to locate it properly with respect to a
reference. Phase is the fractional part of a period through which time or the associated time
angle ( = t) has advanced from an arbitrary reference.
Fig. 9(a) shows phase relation between current through and voltage across resistive, purely
inductive and purely capacitive elements.
I
V
I V
I V
i. Purely resistive ii. Purely inductive iii. Purely capacitive
Fig. 9(a): Vector Diagram
In RLC series circuit, if a sinusoidal voltage is applied, then, according to KVL, the applied
voltage must be equal to the vector addition of VR, VL,VC .
VR VL
R=470 L=2.7mH
I
VL
Vin 5.5V
C=0.1F VC VC
10KHz Vin
VR
I I
Fig: 9(b) Fig: 9(c)
Vin = VR +VL +VC
Vin = IR + jIXL- jIXC
= I {R+j (XL - XC)}
Vin /I = Z = {R2 +( XL - XC)2} tan-1(XL - XC)/R
Here, V and I indicate the rms values, Z is the impedance.
In a series circuit, current through the circuit is constant. Hence, to draw vector diagram of a
series circuit, it is convenient to take current as reference. Conversely for parallel circuit voltage
across parallel elements is taken as reference.
RS=470
I
VRS
IR IL IC
Vin 5.5V V R L C
10KHz
1K 2.7mH 0.1F
Fig: 9(d)
APPARATUS:
❑ Signal generator
❑ Capacitor 0.1F
❑ Resistors (470, 1K)
❑ Inductor 2.7mH
❑ Multimeter
❑ AC ammeter (20mA or 10mA)
❑ Bread board
❑ Oscilloscope
❑ Connecting wires etc.
PROCEDURE
i. Implement the circuit of Fig. 9(b) and then set the amplitude of the AC signal to maximum
(Vin should be around 5V RMS). Take the readings of I, Vin, VR, VL, VC using multimeter.
Observe the voltage wave shapes in oscilloscope. Measure frequency and amplitudes of the
voltages. Compare the voltage readings from multimeter and oscilloscope.
ii. Then draw a vector diagram showing all voltages and current with the help of the method
shown in Fig. 9(c).
iii. Similarly, connect the parallel circuit shown in Fig. 9(d) and then set the amplitude of the
AC signal to maximum (Vin should be around 5V RMS). Take the readings of Vin, VRS, V,
I, IR, IL, IC using multimeter. Observe the voltage wave shapes in oscilloscope. Measure
frequency and amplitudes of the voltages. Compare the voltage readings from multimeter
and oscilloscope.
iv. Then draw a vector diagram showing all voltages and currents following the hint given.
DATA TABLE:
(a) For series circuit:
Vin (Volt) I (mA) VR (Volt) VL (Volt) VC (Volt)
(b) For parallel circuit :
Vin (Volt) VRS (Volt) V (Volt) I (mA) IR (mA) IL (mA) IC (mA)
REPORT:
1. Show the tables and vector diagrams.
2. Discuss on the obtained results and discrepancies (if any).
