ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS EE-352
Instructor: Dr Mashood Nasir
Spring 2018-19
Assignment 1
Due Date: 8th February, 2019
Note: Please submit your assignments on A4 size sheets. No other lose sheets will be accepted.
Question 1: [15]
Fig 1 shown below is a magnetic core with an air gap. The core dimensions are: Cross-sectional
area Ac = 2 × 10-3 m2, mean core length lc = 0.8 m Gap length g = 2.7 x 10-3 m, number of turns
N = 85 turns. Assume that the core is of infinite permeability ( μ -> ∞) and neglect the effects of
fringing fields at the air gap and leakage flux.
a. Calculate the reluctance of the core Rc and that of the gap Rg.
For a current of I = 1.5 A, calculate,
b. the total flux Ф,
c. the flux linkages λ of the coil, and
d. the coil inductance L.
Figure 1 for Problem 1
Question 2: [20]
The symmetric magnetic circuit of Fig. 2 has three windings. Windings A and B each have N
turns and are wound on the two bottom legs of the core. The core dimensions are indicated in the
figure.
a. Find the self-inductances of each of the windings.
b. Find the mutual inductances between the three pairs of windings.
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c. Find the voltage induced in winding 1 by time-varying currents iA(t) and iB (t) in windings A
and B.
d. Repeat part (a) and (b) using the core dimension as follows: Cross-sectional area Ac = 2 × 10-3
m2, mean core length l1 = 0.5 m, l2 = 0.2 m Gap, lA = 0.9 m length g = 2.7 x 10-3 m, number of
turns N = 85 turns, number of turns N1 = 120 turns, the iron of the core has a relative
permeability of 2000.
Figure 2: Symmetric magnetic circuit for Problem 2
Question 3: [20]
The magnetic circuit of Fig. 3 has two windings and two air gaps. The core can be assumed to be
of infinite permeability. The core dimensions are indicated in the figure.
a. Assuming coil 1 to be carrying a current I1 and the current in coil 2 to be zero, calculate
(i) The magnetic flux density in each of the air gaps
(ii) The flux linkage of winding 1, and
(iii) The flux linkage of winding 2.
b. Repeat part (a), assuming zero current in winding 1 and a current I 2 in winding 2.
c. Repeat part (a), assuming the current in winding 1 to be I1 and the current in winding 2 to I2.
d. Find the self-inductances of windings 1 and 2 and the mutual inductance between the
windings.
2
Figure 3: Magnetic circuit for Problem 3
Question 4: [25]
Figure 4.1 shows a toroidal core that we have pulled out of our parts bin and want to make an
inductor from. The toroid has dimensions Ri = 13 cm, Ro = 15 cm and D = 2 cm. The
permeability of the material is µ = 1400µ0 and the material saturates when the B field inside it
reaches 1.8 T.
a. How many turns (N) should you wrap around the core to make an inductor with L =
2mH?
b. How much current can your inductor carry before the core saturates?
c. How much magnetic energy is your inductor storing when the current is at the point of
saturating the core material?
Noting that it takes relatively little current to saturate this core, we might want to try to increase
the capacity by ’gapping’ the core, as is shown in Figure 3.2, meaning cutting an air-gap as
shown in Figure 4.2. This gap is to have a dimension of 3 mm and will be filled with, of course,
air.
Figure 4.1: The basic inductor you are to design Figure 4.2: The second inductor you are to design
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d. Draw a magnetic circuit diagram for this situation.
e. How many turns must you now wind on the toroid to make the inductance be L = 2 mH?
f. How much current can this second inductor carry before the core saturates?
g. How much energy does it store at the point of saturation?
Question 5: [20]
The table shown below includes data for the top half of a symmetric 60-Hz hysteresis
loop for a specimen of magnetic steel:
B,T 0 0.25 0.35 0.5 0.65 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.95 0.85 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.35 0.25 0
H,A. turns/m 48 53 59 72 86 105 135 194 82 43 2 -18 -30 -42 -47 -49
Using MATLAB,
a. plot this data,
b. Calculate the area of the hysteresis loop in joules.
