Zaxo - University
ECLIPSE 100
Introductory Course
Course tutor: Mariam Wanli
5/12/2018
Conceptually How Eclipse
Works
Construct
grid
Kr FVF
Provide
PVT and
rock data
Sw P
Output
Input GOC
visualisation
data WOC
Initialise
model
& analysis
Define
Rate wells and
supply
production
Time schedule
ECLIPSE Input File
Rules govern how input file to be edited
split into sections
each section starts with a keyword
sections must be in order
The main Keywords used in
Eclipse
•RUNSPEC Required
•GRID Required
•EDIT Optional
•PROPS Required
•REGIONS Optional
•SOLUTION Required
•SUMMARY Optional
•SCHEDULE Required
Each of them is followed by many sub-keywords.
ECLIPSE File Sections
RUNSPEC General characteristics of model
GRID Cell dimensions & rock properties
PROPS Fluid properties
SOLUTION Initial reservoir conditions
SUMMARY Output required
SCHEDULE Well data & production schedule
Preparing Data File
Data specified using appropriate keywords.
Keywords are explained in the manual.
Keywords must start in column 1 of the file.
Data should be on next line after keyword.
A / must be inserted after specifying the data.
Any line beginning with - - is ignored.
Blank lines are ignored.
ECLIPSE Tutorial 1
1 2 3 4 5
500 50
500 50
500 50
500
1
500
2
1
3
2
4
3
5
500 500 500 500 500
RUNSPEC Section
Contains general information such as:
title of simulation
number of grid cells in model
phases present
units used
maximum number of wells & groups
maximum number of relative permeability
tables
start date of simulation
Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section
RUNSPEC keyword
Title (TITLE)
3D 2-Phase
Number of grid cells (DIMENS)
(NX) 5 (NY) 5 (NZ) 3
Phases present
OIL WATER (GAS)
Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section
Choice of units
FIELD (METRIC) (LAB)
Maximum number of wells, connections &
groups (WELLDIMS)
(max wells) 2 (max cons/well) 3
(max groups) 2 (max wells/group) 1
Maximum number of relative permeability
tables (TABDIMS) 2
Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section
Unified output files
UNIFOUT
(alternative to having output files for each time step)
Start date (START)
1 Jan 2006
GRID Section
Defines the geometry of the simulation grid and the various
rock properties:
geometry
size and location of each grid block
rock properties
porosity and absolute permeability
Tutorial 1: GRID Section
Starts with GRID keyword
Model will use block centred geometry
Data for each grid block can be specified in either
of two ways:
1 Defining values for each cell, one at a time
2 Defining a value for a box which contains a
group of cells
Tutorial 1:
Defining values one cell at a time
Example: set 10 cells to have length of 500 feet
using DX keyword
DX
500 500 500 500 500
500 500 500 500 500 /
or
DX
10*500 /
Tutorial 1: Notes on
Defining values one cell at a time
No data on same line as keyword
At least one space between data
If using multiplier * no space on either side of *
x co-ordinate varies fastest, z co-ordinate slowest
end input of data with /
Tutorial 1:
Defining values using BOX
Example: Define a box as follows:
X direction - cell 1 to cell 5
Y direction - cell 1 to cell 5
Z direction - cell 1 to cell 1 (top layer only)
Set the depth below sea level of the tops of each cell in the box to
8,000 feet using the BOX, TOPS and ENDBOX keywords
Tutorial 1:
Defining values using BOX
-- X1 X2 Y1 Y2 Z1 Z2
BOX
1 5 1 5 1 1 /
TOPS
25*8000 /
ENDBOX
Notes - specify value for each cell in box -
use ENDBOX to end definition
Tutorial 1: GRID Section
Rock properties must be defined for each cell
Absolute permeability in each direction:
PERMX
PERMY
PERMZ
Porosity
PORO
PROPS Section
Contains:
Fluid densities
PVT properties of
dead oil
live oil
dry gas
wet gas
water
Rock compressibility
Relative permeability tables
Tutorial 1: PROPS Section
Starts with PROPS keyword
Oil, water and gas densities (DENSITY)
Tables of PVT properties
PVDO PVT properties of dead oil
PVTW PVT properties of water
Rock compressibility (ROCK)
Oil and water relative permeabilities in one (SWOF) table
PROPS Section
•PROPS Keyword is followed by many sub-keywords
which are:
•SWOF
•PVTW
•ROCK
•DENSITY
•PVDO
•RSCONST
•SWFN
•SOF3
•SGFN
SOLUTION Section
Initial reservoir conditions are set by one of:
1 EQUILIBRATION - Define pressure at datum depth to allow internal
pressure vs. depth tables to be calculated.
2 RESTART - Load pressures and saturations for each grid cell from
a previous run.
3 ENUMERATION - Specify pressures and saturations for each cell
explicitly.
SOLUTION Section
Starts with SOLUTION keyword
Use Equilibration data (EQUIL)
pressure at datum depth
WOC
GOC
Outside the transition zones the initial saturations are set to the
appropriate end points of the saturation table (SWOF)
SCHEDULE Section
Drives the simulator by defining:
Well locations and completions
Production and injection rates and pressures
Time steps
for calculations
for reports
Tutorial 1: SCHEDULE
Section
Starts with SCHEDULE keyword
WELSPECS and COMPDAT to specify
Vertical oil production well (prod) in cells (1,1,1) -> (1,1,3)
Vertical water injection well (inj) in cells (5,5,1) -> (5,5,3)
Tutorial 1: SCHEDULE
Section
WCONPROD
produce 10,000 stb/day of liquid
minimum BHP limit of 2,000 psia
WCONINJ
inject 11,000 stb/day of water
maximum BHP limit of 10,000 psia
TSTEP gives each t (not total time)
SUMMARY Section
Specifies items to be output to summary files at each time
step. These can be plotted using ECLIPSE Office or Excel.
May include, for example:
Field quantities, such as total oil production rate or fluid in
place
Well quantities, such as water cut or bottom hole pressure
Completion quantities, as for wells
SUMMARY Section
Keywords usually have four letters
1st letter F Field
R Region
W Well
C Completion
B Block
SUMMARY Section
2nd letter O Oil (@ surface)
W Water (@ surface)
G Gas (@ surface)
L Liquid (oil + water @ surface)
V Volume (in reservoir)
3rd letter P Production
I Injection
SUMMARY Section
4th letter R Rate
T Total (or cumulative)
Examples:
FOPR Field Oil Production Rate
WWIT Well Water Injection Total
SUMMARY Section
Some exceptions
WWCT Well Water Cut
WBHP Well Bottom Hole Pressure
FPR Field Average Pressure
CPR Connection Pressure
FGOR Field Gas Oil Ratio
WCONHIST & TSTEP Or DATE
•WCONHIST: Observed rates for history
matching wells.
•TSTEP Or DATE: Advances simulator to
new report time(s) or specified report
date(s).
Thank You!
