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Spring Calculation

This document defines various parameters used for spring calculations and provides their symbols. It also includes formulas for calculating spring properties like shear stress, spring rate, and torsional shear stress. Common material properties like Young's modulus are listed for materials used for springs like music wire, stainless steel, and others. Guidelines are also provided for dimensional characteristics of compression springs based on their end types.

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451 views24 pages

Spring Calculation

This document defines various parameters used for spring calculations and provides their symbols. It also includes formulas for calculating spring properties like shear stress, spring rate, and torsional shear stress. Common material properties like Young's modulus are listed for materials used for springs like music wire, stainless steel, and others. Guidelines are also provided for dimensional characteristics of compression springs based on their end types.

Uploaded by

mahaprabhu78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Parameter Symbol

Units = Inches

Spring outer diameter OD

Spring inner diameter ID

Spring index C

Spring Pitch P

Pitch Angle IN Ra λ

Wahl factor
W
(Stress Correction Factor)

Shear stress at spring body (corrected


with Wahl factor)- used for unprestressed τmax
springs

Shear stress at spring body (uncorrected τs


)- used for prestressed springs

Spring rate
k
(Spring Engineering Constant)
NOTE: In spring calculations, a gravitational acceleration of 9806.65mm/s2, is used.
Formula Value units

D outer 7.35 in

DMean= Douter - d 7.25 in

d 0.10 in
Na 7.00 -

OD=D outer + d 7.35 in

ID = D outer -d 7.14 in

C = D/d 69.45 -

Refer Pitch Formula 0.16 in

Tan-1 (P/πD) 0.01 rad

4C-1 0.615
W = -------- + ------------ 1.02 -
4C-4 C

8FD
Ƭ = W ---------- 384.21 Lbs/in2
π d3

2C+1 8FD
Ƭ = -------- × ------------ 379.45 Lbs/in2
2C π d3

d4G
k = -------- 0.06 Lbs/in
8D3Na
ration of 9806.65mm/s2, is used.
Parameter Symbol

Nt 9.00

Free Length Lf 1.31

Force F

Wire Length of one coil L wire

Total Spring wire length L total

Spring Travel

Pitch Angle IN deg DEG

Torsional Shear Stress SS

Poisson’s ratio, ν

Young's modulus of material E

Shear modulus of material G


Formula Values units

in

K(Lf - L solid) 0.02 Lbf

πxD 22.75 in

L wire x Nt 204.76 in

1Rad × 180/π 0.40 Deg

8XFXD
----------------- 376.74 Lbs/in2
π d3

Poisson's ratio of material -

initial slope of σ t − ε t curve = initial slope of σ -


n − ε n curve.

E
-------- 11200000.00 psi
2(1 + v)
List of Parameters

Symbol Definition Parameter

OD Spring outer diameter Total coils [Nt]

ID Spring inner diameter Free height [Lf]

Douter Spring outer diameter Solid height [Ls]

D Spring mean diameter Pitch [p]

d Wire diameter

P Pitch

E Young's modulus of material

v Poisson ratio of material G-Value for Common

Lf Spring free length Music Wire

Ls Spring solid height Stainless Steel

F Force Phospher Bronze

Fs Force at solid length Monel


Na Active coils Inconel

ΔF Force difference (Ex: F2-F1) Copper


Δx Deflection (Ex: L2-L1) Beryllium Copper
Nt Total coils
TYPE OF SPRING ENDS

Open or plain (Not Open or plain


Values Values
ground) (Ground)
Na 7 Na+1 8

pNa+d p(Na+1)

d(Nt+1) 1.0433070866 dNt 0.938976378

(Lf - d) / Na 0.1723847019 Lf / (Na+1) 0.1638779528

Guidelines for Dimensional Characteristics of Compression Springs

Source : From Design Handbook [Ref 1] page 32

Value for Common Spring Materials

11.5 x 10^6 11500000.00

11.2*10^6 11200000.00

5.9 x 10^6 5900000.00

9.6 x 10^6 9600000.00


11.5 x 10^6 11500000.00

6.5 x 10^6 6500000.00


6.9 x 10^6 6900000.00
SPRING ENDS

Squared or closed (Not Squared or closed


Values Values
ground) (Ground
Na+2 9 Na+2 9

pNa+3d pNa+2d

d(Nt+1) 1.0433070866 dNt 0.938976378

(Lf -3d) / Na 0.142575928 (Lf -2d) / Na 0.157480315

ristics of Compression Springs

book [Ref 1] page 32


Plain end Plain and ground Squared Squared and ground

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