Data coverage and limitations
Data availability, geographic detail and reference dates vary by location and metric. Results may use official statistics, modelled population grids, broader regional indicators or nearby-location proxies. Statistical areas may extend beyond your selected catchment, and regional figures do not describe an individual property or neighbourhood.
Some indicators may be unavailable, outdated, rounded or estimated. Missing data does not mean zero population, activity or demand. Scores and AI summaries provide decision support and do not guarantee business performance. Verify material findings through current local sources and on-site checks before making a commitment.
Venue busyness is a relative activity signal, not an absolute visitor count. A nearby venue may provide context for an area without measuring activity at the selected property. Workplace job counts do not measure daily attendance or pedestrian footfall.
Demographic sources
These sources support different features where available. A source being listed does not establish complete coverage for a particular location. The integrated reference periods below may differ from a publisher's newest release.
| Publisher and coverage | Data used | Important limits |
|---|---|---|
| Office for National Statistics England and Wales Small-area income estimates | Population, age and household statistics in the MSOA-based demographic path. Income estimates have separate reference years and definitions. | MSOAs are statistical areas in England and Wales. ONS small-area income estimates describe annual mean household income, which differs from a median or per-person income. |
| U.S. Census Bureau United States | American Community Survey five-year population, age, household and income estimates. The implemented demographic and heatmap paths include the 2022 release. | ZIP Code Tabulation Areas approximate postal ZIP codes. Five-year estimates describe a reference period and carry statistical uncertainty; they are not live counts. |
| Central Statistics Office and Tailte Éireann Ireland | Census 2022 Small Areas: population, age and sex. | Household income and household composition are unavailable from this integration. |
| Statistics Netherlands (CBS) Netherlands | CBS Wijken en Buurten 2025 neighbourhood statistics, published through PDOK. | Source values may be rounded or suppressed. Some broad age bands are proportionally converted into the displayed bands. Income and household composition are unavailable from this integration. |
| Statistics Canada Canada | Census 2021 dissemination-area population and demographic profiles; household income refers to 2020. | Counts are confidentiality-adjusted. Available median household income refers to the central dissemination area, rather than a pooled catchment median. |
| Australian Bureau of Statistics Australia | Regional population by age and sex, using the integrated 30 June 2025 SA2 estimates. | This integration does not supply household income or household composition. Some source age bands are proportionally converted. |
| Statistics South Africa South Africa | Modelled 2022 ward population estimates, released in November 2025 on 2020 ward boundaries. | These are modelled estimates, with Locus-derived age bands. Income and household composition are unavailable from this product. |
| Eurostat and GISCO Supported European regions | Population and broad age groups for NUTS 3 regions, with GISCO statistical boundaries. | This is wider regional context. It does not represent population or age within the selected radius. Reference years and coverage vary by region. |
| WorldPop Global, where supported | Modelled population grids and available age/sex profiles. Different paths include 2020 population/profile data and selected 2025 Global2 grid imports. | Grid resolution and reference year vary by dataset and market. A fine grid is a model, not a count observed at every address. Global availability does not guarantee that every location or metric is supported. |
Workplace and local place sources
ONS Census 2021 occupation statistics
Employed residents aged 16+ in England and Wales, including management, professional and associate professional occupations. Census 2021 resident occupations describe people living in an area, rather than workplace headcounts.
U.S. Census ACS resident occupation estimates
2020–2024 ACS five-year estimates for civilian employed residents aged 16+. The professional grouping covers management, business, science and arts occupations and differs from the UK occupational classification.
ONS Business Register and Employment Survey
Workplace jobs and industry mix in Great Britain, published through Nomis. Rounded employment counts describe workplace jobs, rather than daily attendance.
U.S. Census LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics
Workplace employment and industry context in supported US areas. Job counts do not measure pedestrians, customers or daily office occupancy.
Google Maps place information
Business listings, categories, ratings, reviews and place details. Listings can be missing, outdated or misclassified; a returned list is not a complete business census.
OpenStreetMap contributors
Mapped amenities, transport stops and other local features. Community-maintained coverage varies. OpenStreetMap data is available under the Open Database Licence; original attribution remains applicable.
Geographic detail and catchments
Local statistical areas are available in several countries beyond the UK and US. Detail varies by metric within the same country. A country label alone does not establish the precision of a result.
Some catchment totals combine whole statistical areas containing the selected point or with centres inside the search radius. Those areas can extend beyond the radius. Gridded population estimates and wider regional context use different methods and should be interpreted separately.
Compare figures using compatible reference years, area definitions and measures. Mean household income, median household income and per-person economic indicators describe different things. A wider-area income proxy should not be read as measured household income for the selected neighbourhood.
Reported evidence and Locus analysis
Locus combines available evidence into catchment summaries, estimates, scores and AI-generated explanations. These derived outputs are Locus analysis and should be assessed alongside the original data and its limitations. Travel-time areas are modelled accessibility estimates; business listings and activity signals may have different update schedules.
- Reported
- Published statistics or listed information, subject to the original source methodology and reference period.
- Modelled
- An estimate produced from other evidence, such as a population grid or derived age band.
- Regional
- Information for a wider statistical area, rather than the selected property or exact catchment.
- Proxy
- An indirect indicator, such as nearby venue activity or a wider-area economic measure.
- Unavailable
- Evidence was not available for this result. It should not be interpreted as a measured zero.
Source attribution does not imply a partnership or endorsement. Source licences, definitions and original attribution requirements remain applicable.
Check a result or report a gap
Read our Methodology for how evidence informs the score. If a source, date or geographic area is unclear, or a result conflicts with local knowledge, contact us with the location and metric.