Monocots

Taxonavigation

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordines: Acorales – Alismatales – Asparagales – Dioscoreales – Liliales – Pandanales – Petrosaviales
Cladus: Commelinids

Name

monocots [ APG IV ]

Synonyms

Liliopsida Batsch (1802)
Monocotyledonae
Monocotyledoneae DC. (1817)
Monocotyledones

Classes

Liliopsida Crantz, Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 461 (1766) («Liliaceae»).
Najadopsida Hoffmannsegg & Link, Fl. Portug. 1: 59 (1809) («Nades»).
Aropsida Bartl. Ord. Nat. Pl. 25, 65 (1830) («Aroideae»).
Hydrocharitopsida Bartl. Ord. Nat. Pl. 25, 74 (1830) («Hydrocharideae»).
Juncopsida Bartl. Ord. Nat. Pl. 23, 34 (1830) («Juncinae»).
Orchidopsida Bartl. Ord. Nat. Pl. 24, 54 (1830) («Orchideae»).
Bromeliopsida Brongn. Enum. Pl. Mus. Paris: xv, 23 (1843) («Bromelioideae»).
Liriopsida Brongn. Enum. Pl. Mus. Paris: xv, 17 (1843) («Lirioideae»).
Pandanopsida Brongn. Enum. Pl. Mus. Paris: xv, 14 (1843) («Pandanoideae»).
Phoenicopsida Brongn. Enum. Pl. Mus. Paris: xv, 15 (1843) («Phoenicoideae»).
Alismatopsida Kemularia-Nathadze, Mzenar. Sist. Geogr. Narkv. 28: 87 (1970) («Alismatae»).

Subclasses

- Alismatidae Smyth & L.C.R.Smyth, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 25: 111 (1912) (“Alismaeflorae”)
- Arecidae Takht., Sist. Filog. Tsvetk. Rast. 525 (1967)
- Aridae Takht., Divers. Class. Fl. Pl. 579 (1997)
- Bromeliidae Zheng-yi Wu, An-ming Lu, Yan-cheng Tang, Zhi-duan Chen & De-zhu Li, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 40: 299 (2002)
- Burmanniidae Heintze, Cormof. Fylog. 10 (1927) («Burmanniaeformes»).
- Commelinidae Takht., Sist. Filog. Tsvetk. Rast. 514 (1967)
- Juncidae Doweld, Prosyllabus Tracheoph. lxii (2001)
- Liliidae J.H.Schaffn., Ohio Nat. 12: 413 (1911) («Liliiflorae»).
- Orchididae Smyth & L.C.R.Smyth, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 25: 120 (1912) («Orchidiflorae»).
- Triurididae Takht. ex Reveal, Novon 2: 235 (1992)
- Zingiberidae Cronq., Brittonia 30: 505 (1978)

References

Takhtajan, A.L. (Тахтаджян, А.Л.) 1967 ["1966"]. Система и филогения цветковых растений [Systema et Phylogenia Magnoliophytorum]. Москва-Ленинград: Издательство "Наука". (Russian) Google Books Reference page.
Takhtajan, A.L. (Тахтаджян, А.Л.) 1987. Система магнолиофитов [Systema Magnoliophytorum]. Ленинград: Издательство "Наука", Ленинградское отделение. (Russian) Google Books Reference page.
Takhtajan, A.L. 1997. Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0231100984. Reference page.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998. An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 (4): 531–553. pdf file
Doweld, A.B. 2001. Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Tentamen systematis plantarum vascularium (Tracheophyta) [Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum. Опыт системы сосудистых растений]. LXXX + 110 pp. Moscow: Geos. ISBN 5-89118-283-1. Фундаментальная электронная библиотека «Флора и фауна» DJVU Google Books Reference page.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2009. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161(2): 105–121. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x Reference page.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181(1): 1–20. DOI: 10.1111/boj.12385 Reference page.
Cantino, P.D., Doyle, J.A., Graham, S.W., Judd, W.S., Olmstead, R.G., Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S. & Donoghue, M.J. 2007. Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta. Taxon 56(3): E1–E44.
Chase, M.W., Stevenson, D.W., Wilkin, P. & Rudall, P.J. 1995. Monocot systematics: A combined analysis. pages 685-730 in Rudall, P. J.; Cribb, P.J.; Cutler, D.F.; & Humphries, C.J. (eds.). Monocotyledons: Systematics and evolution. (London: Royal Botanic Garden, Kew).
Chase, M.W. 2004. Monocot relationships: an overview. American Journal of Botany 91(10): 1645–1655.
Chase, M.W. & Reveal, J.L. 2009. A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161(2): 122–127. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x Reference page.
Chase, M.W., Soltis D.E., Soltis, P.S., Rudall, P.J., Fay, M.F., Hahn, W.J., Sullivan, S., Joseph, J., Molvray, M., Kores, P.J., Givnish, T.J., Sytsma, K.J. & Pires, J.C. 2000. Higher-level systematics of the monocotyledons: An assessment of current knowledge and a new classification. pages 3-16 in Wilson, K. L. & Morrison, D. A. (eds.) Monocots: Systematics and Evolution. (CSIRO, Melbourne).
Dahlgren, R.M.T. & Clifford, H T. 1982. The Monocotyledons: A Comparative Study. (New York: Academic Press).
Dahlgren, R.M.T., Clifford, H.T. & Yeo, P. F. 1985. The Families of the Monocotyledons. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag).
Dahlgren, R.M.T. & Rassmussen, F. 1983. Monocotyledon evolution. Characters and phylolgenetic estimation. Evolutionary Biology 16: 255–395.
Davis, J.I., Stevenson, D.W., Petersen, G., Seberg, O., Campbell, L.M., Freudenstein, J.V., Goldman, D.H., Hardy, C.R., Michelangeli, F.A., Simmons, M.P., Specht, C.D., Vergara-Silva, F. & Gandolfo, M. 2004. A Phylogeny of the Monocots, as Inferred from rbcL and atpA Sequence Variation, and a Comparison of Methods for Calculating Jackknife and Bootstrap Values. Systematic Botany 29(3): 467–510.
Duvall, M.W., Clegg, M.T., Chase, M.W., Clark, W.D., Kress, W.J., Hills, H.G., Eguiarte, L.E., Smith, J.F., Gaut, B.S., Zimmer, E.A. & Learn, G.H., Jr. 1993. Phylogenetic hypotheses for the monocotyledons constructed from rbcL sequence data. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 607–619.
Herendeen, P.S. & Crane, P.R. 1995 .The fossil history of the monocotyledons. pages 1-21 in Rudall, P., Cribb, P.J., Cutler, D.F. & Humphries, C.J. (eds.) Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. (London: Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).
Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. Online. Reference page.
Trias-Blasi, A., Baker, W.J., Haigh, A.L., Simpson, D.A., Weber, O. & Wilkin, P. 2015. A genus-level phylogenetic linear sequence of monocots. Taxon 64(3): 552–581. DOI: 10.12705/643.9 ResearchGate Reference page.

Links

Liliopsida – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). (Following Cronquist classification)
Liliopsida – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). (Following APG II classification)
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, University of Oxford, Natural History Museum, Natural Environment Research Council, UK (2012) eMonocot Home Page

Vernacular names

Alemannisch: Monokotyledonen
العربية: أحاديات الفلقة
azərbaycanca: Birləpəlilər
žemaitėška: Vėinskiltē augalā
башҡортса: Бер өлөшлөләр
беларуская: Аднадольныя
български: Едносемеделни
català: Liliòpsida
čeština: Jednoděložné
Cymraeg: Monocotyledon
dansk: Enkimbladede
Deutsch: Einkeimblättrige
Ελληνικά: Μονοκοτυλήδονο
English: Monocots
Esperanto: Unukotiledonaj plantoj
español: monocotiledóneas
eesti: Üheidulehelised
euskara: monokotiledoneo
فارسی: تک‌لپه‌ای‌ها
suomi: Yksisirkkaiset
français: Monocotylédone
galego: Monocotiledóneas
עברית: חד-פסיגיים
हिन्दी: एकबीजपत्री
hrvatski: Jednosupnice
magyar: Egyszikűek
հայերեն: Միաշաքիլավորներ
Bahasa Indonesia: Tumbuhan berkeping biji tunggal
íslenska: Einkímblöðungar
italiano: Monocotiledoni
日本語: 単子葉類, 単子葉植物
Jawa: Tetanduran wiji tunggal
ქართული: ერთლებნიანები
қазақша: Дара жарнақтылар
한국어: 외떡잎식물
kurdî: Yekqalikan
lietuvių: Lelijainiai
latviešu: viendīgļlapji
македонски: Монокотиледони
മലയാളം: ഏകബീജപത്ര സസ്യങ്ങൾ
Bahasa Melayu: Monokotiledon
Nāhuatl: Centzīntiliztica
norsk bokmål: Enfrøbladede planter, enfrøbladinger
नेपाली: एकदलीय वनस्पति
Nederlands: Eenzaadlobbigen
norsk nynorsk: Einfrøblada plantar, einfrøbladingar
norsk: Enfrøbladede planter
occitan: Monocotyledon
polski: Jednoliścienne
پنجابی: اکدالے
português: Monocotiledónea
Runa Simi: Ch'ulla phutuy raphiyuq
română: Monocotiledonate
русский: Однодольные
sicilianu: monocotileduna
Scots: Monocotyledon
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Monokotiledoni
slovenčina: Jednoklíčnolistové
slovenščina: Enokaličnice
српски / srpski: Монокотиледоне биљке
Sunda: Tutuwuhan siki tunggal
svenska: Monokotyledoner, enhjärtbladiga växter
தமிழ்: ஒருவித்திலையி
తెలుగు: ఏకదళబీజాలు
ไทย: พืชใบเลี้ยงเดี่ยว
Türkçe: Bir çenekliler
українська: Однодольні
اردو: یک دالہ
oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Bir pallali oʻsimliklar
Tiếng Việt: Thực vật một lá mầm
中文（简体）: 单子叶植物纲
中文（繁體）: 單子葉植物綱