The estar package provides two sets of functions.

The first set corresponds to functions that measure stability at any level of organisation, from individual to community and can be applied to a time series of a system’s state variables (e.g., body mass, population abundance, or species diversity). The properties included in this set are:

• Resistance
• Extent of recovery
• Rate of recovery
• Invariability
• Persistence
• Overall Ecological Vulnerability

The second set of functions can be applied to Jacobian matrices. The functions in this set measure the stability of a community at short and long time scales. In the short term, you can measure:

• Reactivity
• Maximal amplification
• Initial resilience

In the long term, stability can be measured as:

• Asymptotic resilience
• Intrinsic stochastic invariability

The package includes two vignettes demonstrating the use of all functions, as well as a brief introduction to multivariate autoregressive state-space models necessary for the second set of metrics.