Clone into ~/.config/nvim (by default).
Open nvim and call :PlugInstall.
This will work because autoload already contains plug.vim. You can otherwise obtain it from https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug .
Likely nvim itself will not be any good from system packages since it'll be too old so you'll need a port or download the appimage. Check the neovim repository https://github.com/neovim/neovim/blob/master/INSTALL.md .
Last checked the compat on v0.10.4.
Rust: install rust-analyzer via rustup.
Python: install pyright via npm. You'll need nvm to get node set up. Pyenv is a sensible solution for python itself.