fragum

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *frāgom, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreh₂ǵ-om, from either *dʰreh₂ǵ- (“berry”) (compare Albanian dredhëz, Sanskrit द्राक्षा (drā́kṣā)) or *sróh₂gs (“grape”) (compare Ancient Greek ῥώξ (rhṓx) (whence Greek ρώγα (róga)), Albanian rrush). The divergent phonetics and semantics of the comparanda suggest a foreign Wanderwort.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈfraː.ɡum/, [ˈfräːɡʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfra.ɡum/, [ˈfräːɡum]

Noun

frāgum n (genitive frāgī); second declension

1. (usually in the plural) strawberry (Fragaria vesca)

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	frāgum	frāga
genitive	frāgī	frāgōrum
dative	frāgō	frāgīs
accusative	frāgum	frāga
ablative	frāgō	frāgīs
vocative	frāgum	frāga

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: frangã
  • Romanian: fragă
• North Italian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Lombard: fraga
    • Piedmontese: fraja, frèja
  • Romansch: fraja, fraia, freja
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: frèye, frêse (ORB, broad), frêya, friya
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Aragonese: fraga
  • Catalan: fraga
  • Gascon: ahraga, haraga
  • Occitan: fraga
• ⇒ Latin: fragaria
  • >? Franco-Provençal: frêse
  • >? Old French: *fraiiere, *fraire, fraise, freise
    • Middle French: fraise, fraire
      • French: fraise
        • → Asturian: fresa
        • → Spanish: fresa
          • → Hiligaynon: frésa
          • → Tagalog: presa
        • → Moroccan Arabic: فريز (friz)
      • Norman: frâse (Guernsey, Jersey), fraz (Sark)
  • → Spanish: fragaria
  • → Translingual: Fragaria
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *frāgula (see there for further descendants)
• → Esperanto: frago

References

• “fragum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fragum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• fragum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.