Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laidijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *līþaną (“to pass or go by”) +‎ *-janą (“causative suffix”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɑi̯.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*laidijaną

1. to cause to go, lead

Inflection

Conjugation of *laidijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*laidijō	*laidijaų	—	*laidijai	?
2nd singular	*laidīsi	*laidijais	*laidī	*laidijasai	*laidijaisau
3rd singular	*laidīþi	*laidijai	*laidijaþau	*laidijaþai	*laidijaiþau
1st dual	*laidijōs	*laidijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*laidijaþiz	*laidijaiþiz	*laidijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*laidijamaz	*laidijaim	—	*laidijanþai	*laidijainþau
2nd plural	*laidīþ	*laidijaiþ	*laidīþ	*laidijanþai	*laidijainþau
3rd plural	*laidijanþi	*laidijain	*laidijanþau	*laidijanþai	*laidijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*laididǭ	*laididēdį̄
2nd singular	*laididēz	*laididēdīz
3rd singular	*laididē	*laididēdī
1st dual	*laididēdū	*laididēdīw
2nd dual	*laididēdudiz	*laididēdīdiz
1st plural	*laididēdum	*laididēdīm
2nd plural	*laididēdud	*laididēdīd
3rd plural	*laididēdun	*laididēdīn
	present	past
participles	*laidijandz	*laididaz

Related terms

• *laidō
• *līþaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *laidijan
  • Old English: lǣdan
    • Middle English: leden
      • Scots: lede, leid
      • English: lead
  • Old Frisian: lēda
    • Saterland Frisian: leede, lede
    • West Frisian: liede
  • Old Saxon: lēdian
    • Middle Low German: lêden, leiden
      • German Low German: leden, leiden
  • Old Dutch: leiden
    • Middle Dutch: leiden
      • Dutch: leiden
        • Afrikaans: lei
      • Limburgish: leide, leie, lèèje
  • Old High German: leiten
    • Middle High German: leiten
      • German: leiten
      • Luxembourgish: leeden
• Old Norse: leiða
  • Icelandic: leiða
  • Faroese: leiða
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: leia, leida
  • Old Swedish: lēþa
    • Swedish: leda
  • Danish: lede
    • Norwegian Bokmål: lede
• → Proto-Samic: *lājδëjëtēk