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-talan

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: talan and talán

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From the Proto-Uralic *-tt (privative suffix) + *-l (nominal suffix), then in the Ancient Hungarian era the -n (adverbial suffix) was added.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [tɒlɒn]
  • Hyphenation: ta‧lan
  • Rhymes: -ɒn

Suffix

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-talan (comparative -talanabb, superlative leg- -talanabb)

  1. (adjective-forming suffix) -less, un-, dis- (a privative suffix added to a noun or an adjective to form adjectives with a meaning of lacking something)
    hajlék (home) + ‎-talan → ‎hajléktalan (homeless)
    boldog (happy) + ‎-talan → ‎boldogtalan (unhappy)
    arány (proportion) + ‎-talan → ‎aránytalan (disproportionate)

Usage notes

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  • (adjective-forming suffix) Variants:
    -talan is added to back-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives)
    -telen is added to front-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives)
    -tlan is added to back-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives) ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    -tlen is added to front-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives) ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -atlan is added to back-vowel verbs and nouns (occasionally adjectives)
    -etlen is added to front-vowel verbs and nouns (occasionally adjectives)
  • Using two different suffix variants with the same stem may result in different meanings:
    gond (care)gondtalan (carefree)
    gond (care)gondatlan (careless)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative -talan -talanok
accusative -talant -talanokat
dative -talannak -talanoknak
instrumental -talannal -talanokkal
causal-final -talanért -talanokért
translative -talanná -talanokká
terminative -talanig -talanokig
essive-formal -talanként -talanokként
essive-modal -talanul -talanokul
inessive -talanban -talanokban
superessive -talanon -talanokon
adessive -talannál -talanoknál
illative -talanba -talanokba
sublative -talanra -talanokra
allative -talanhoz -talanokhoz
elative -talanból -talanokból
delative -talanról -talanokról
ablative -talantól -talanoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
-talané -talanoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
-talanéi -talanokéi

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ -talan in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)