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進

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 进
進 U+9032, 進
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9032
← 週
[U+9031] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 逳 →
[U+9033]

Translingual

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Traditional 進
Simplified 进
Japanese 進
Korean 進
Stroke order (Sans-serif)
Stroke order

Han character

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進 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+8, 12 strokes in Chinese, 11 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 卜人土 (YOG), four-corner 30301, composition ⿺辶隹)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1259, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38943
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1749, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3851, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9032

Chinese

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trad. 進
simp. 进
alternative forms 𡥦
𨙟
𨗃

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 進
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (進) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
璡 *ʔslin, *ʔslins
進 *ʔslins

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 辵 (“walk”) + 隹 (“short-tail bird”). A bird can only walk forward not backward, hence implying "forward". Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔslins) : semantic 辵 + abbreviated phonetic 閵 (OC *rins).

Etymology

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Unknown (Schuessler, 2007). Note similarities to Burmese ဆန်း (hcan:, “to be new; to begin a new year or season”).

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 進
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕin⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕin⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕiẽ²¹/
Qingdao /t͡siə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sin³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiẽ⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕiə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕiŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕĩn¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕin³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕin¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕin²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕĩ²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡sin⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕin⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sin⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡saŋ⁴²/
Hui Shexian /t͡siʌ̃³²⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sin⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sin⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡sin⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕin⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sin⁵³/
Taoyuan /t͡sin⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡søn³³/
Nanning /t͡sɐn³³/
Hong Kong /t͡søn³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sin²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sɛiŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡seiŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡siŋ²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sin³⁵/
Rime
Character 進
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 即刃切
Baxter tsinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡siɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sinH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sjenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sinH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡siĕnH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sĭĕnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡si̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 進
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jìn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsinH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts][i][n]-s/
English advance (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 進
Reading # 1/1
No. 6775
Phonetic
component 		進
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		晉
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔslins/

Definitions

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進

  1. to advance; to move forward
  2. to enter; to go into; to come into
    一個女孩進了房間。 [MSC, trad.]
    一个女孩进了房间。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yī ge nǚhái jìn le fángjiān. [Pinyin]
    A girl came into the room.
  3. (used after a verb) into; in
    她把買來的東西裝進了轎車。 [MSC, trad.]
    她把买来的东西装进了轿车。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā bǎ mǎi lái de dōngxī zhuāng jìn le jiàochē. [Pinyin]
    She loaded her shopping into the car.
    他把我叫進他的辦公室。 [MSC, trad.]
    他把我叫进他的办公室。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā bǎ wǒ jiào jìn tā de bàngōngshì. [Pinyin]
    He called me into his office.
  4. to receive; to admit; to recruit
  5. to give; to offer (advice)
    我給你進一句忠告吧。 [MSC, trad.]
    我给你进一句忠告吧。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ gěi nǐ jìn yī jù zhōnggào ba. [Pinyin]
    Let me give you a piece of advice.
  6. to score (a goal)
    進球／进球  ―  jìnqiú  ―  to score a goal
    他踢進了一個球。 [MSC, trad.]
    他踢进了一个球。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā tī jìn le yī ge qiú. [Pinyin]
    He kicked a goal.
  7. to eat; to drink
    進食／进食  ―  jìnshí  ―  to take a meal
    進餐／进餐  ―  jìncān  ―  to have a meal
  8. Classifier for rows of houses within an old-style residential compound.
  9. 20th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "advance" (𝌙)

Synonyms

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  • (to enter):
Dialectal synonyms of 進 (“to enter”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 入
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 進
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 進
Taiwan 進
Malaysia 進
Singapore 進
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 進
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 進
Wanrong 進
Xi'an 進
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 進
Ürümqi 進
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 進
Guiyang 進
Guilin 進
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 進
Cantonese Guangzhou 入
Hong Kong 入
Taishan 入
Dongguan 入
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 入
Singapore (Guangfu) 入
Gan Lichuan 進
Hakka Meixian 入
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 落, 入
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 入, 落
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 落, 入
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 入, 落
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 落, 入
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 入
Huizhou Jixi 進
Jin Xinzhou 進
Northern Min Jian'ou 裡
Eastern Min Fuzhou 裡
Matsu 裡
Singapore (Fuqing) 裡
Southern Min Xiamen 入
Quanzhou 入
Zhangzhou 入
Zhao'an 入
Tainan 入
Penang (Hokkien) 入
Singapore (Hokkien) 入
Manila (Hokkien) 入
Shantou 入
Jieyang 入
Singapore (Teochew) 入
Leizhou 入
Wenchang 入
Haikou 入
Singapore (Hainanese) 入
Wu Shanghai 進
Danyang 進
Jinhua 進

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “to advance”): 退 (tuì)

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Vietnamese: tiến

Japanese

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Shinjitai 進
Kyūjitai
[1]
進󠄁
進+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
進󠄃
進+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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進

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. advance, make progress, enter

Readings

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Compounds

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Proper noun

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進(すすむ) • (Susumu) 

  1. a male given name

References

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  1. ^ “進”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

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Hanja

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進 (eumhun 나아갈 진 (naagal jin))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Hanja

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進 (eumhun 선사 신 (seonsa sin))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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進: Hán Nôm readings: tiến, Tiến

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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