напор

Bulgarian

Etymology

O-grade deverbal of напра́ (naprá, “to thrust on, to shove”). Diachronically, inherited from Proto-Slavic *naporъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnapor]
• IPA^(key): [nɐˈpɔr] (obsolete)

Noun

на́пор or напо́р • (nápor or napór) m

1. inrush, thrust, impact, pressure

   под напора на ― pod napora na ― under the stress of

2. effort, vigour, rush

Declension

Declension of на́пор

	singular
indefinite	на́пор nápor
definite (subject form)	на́порът náporǎt
definite (object form)	на́пора nápora

Derived terms

verbs

• напоря pf (naporja), напорвам impf (naporvam), напорям impf (naporjam)

 

adjectives

• на́порен (náporen)
• напори́ст (naporíst)

 

References

• “напор”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “напор”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “напо́ръ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 201
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “напор”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 499

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naporъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnapɔr]

Noun

напор • (napor) m (relational adjective напорен)

1. strain, effort, exertion, endeavor (the amount of work involved in achieving something)

Declension

Declension of напор

	singular	plural
indefinite	напор (napor)	напори (napori)
definite unspecified	напорот (naporot)	напорите (naporite)
definite proximal	напоров (naporov)	напориве (naporive)
definite distal	напорон (naporon)	напорине (naporine)
vocative	напору (naporu)	напори (napori)
count form	—	напора (napora)

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naporъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nɐˈpor]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

напо́р • (napór) m inan (genitive напо́ра, nominative plural напо́ры, genitive plural напо́ров, relational adjective напо́рный)

1. pressure, force
2. water, steam head
3. rush, push, vigour, energy

Declension

Declension of напо́р (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	напо́р napór	напо́ры napóry
genitive	напо́ра napóra	напо́ров napórov
dative	напо́ру napóru	напо́рам napóram
accusative	напо́р napór	напо́ры napóry
instrumental	напо́ром napórom	напо́рами napórami
prepositional	напо́ре napóre	напо́рах napórax

Related terms

• напира́ть (napirátʹ)
• напо́ристость (napóristostʹ)
• напо́ристый (napóristyj)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naporъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nǎːpor/
• Hyphenation: на‧пор

Noun

на́пор m (Latin spelling nápor)

1. effort (the amount of work involved in achieving something)

Declension

Declension of напор

	singular	plural
nominative	напор	напори
genitive	напора	напора
dative	напору	напорима
accusative	напор	напоре
vocative	напоре	напори
locative	напору	напорима
instrumental	напором	напорима

Further reading

• “напор”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024