View source for humour

==English==
{{wikipedia}}

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|en|humor||US}}

===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*wegʷ-}}
From {{inh|en|enm|humour}}, from {{der|en|fro|humor}}, {{m|fro|humour}}, from {{der|en|la|hūmor}}, correctly {{m|la|ūmor|t=liquid}}, from {{m|la|hūmeō}}, correctly {{m|la|ūmeō|t=to be moist}}. The ''h'' in these words, which was silent in late Classical Latin, is [[w:folk etymology|folk etymological]], due to the erroneous association with the word {{m|la|humus|t=soil}}.

The shift in meaning "liquid" > "mood" is attributed to the classical system of physiology, where human behaviour is regulated by [[w:Humorism#Four_humors|four bodily humours]] (fluids). The sense "mood" gave rise to the verb sense "to give in to someone's mood or whim" and, by narrowing of meaning, the sense "wit".<ref>{{R:Etymonline}}</ref>

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈhjuː.mə(ɹ)/|a=RP}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈhjuːmɚ/|/ˈjuːmɚ/|a=GA}}
* {{hyph|en|hu|mour}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-humor.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|uːmə(ɹ)|s=2}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|-|s}} {{lb|en|British spelling}}

# {{lb|en|uncountable}} The quality of being [[amusing]], [[comical]], [[funny]]. {{defdate|from the early 18th c.}}<!--The quality in events, speech or writing which is seen as [[funny]], or creates [[amusement]], such as a [[joke]], [[satire]], [[parody]], etc.-->
#: {{syn|en|amusingness|comedy|comicality|wit}}
#: {{ux|en|She has a great sense of '''humour''', and I always laugh a lot whenever we get together.}}
#: {{ux|en|The sensitive subject was treated with '''humour''', but in such way that no one was offended.}}
#* {{RQ:Goldsmith Retaliation|edition=5th|chapter=Postscript|page=22|passage=Merry [[w:Caleb Whitefoord|VVhitefoord]], farevvel! for ''thy'' ſake I admit / That a Scot may have '''humour''', I had almoſt ſaid vvit: {{...}}}}
#* {{RQ:Irving Tales of a Traveller|passage=A great deal of excellent '''humour''' was expended on the perplexities of mine host.}}
#* {{RQ:Marshall Squire's Daughter|A Court Ball|9|They stayed together during three dances, went out on to the terrace, explored wherever they were permitted to explore, paid two visits to the buffet, and enjoyed themselves much in the same way as if they had been school-children surreptitiously breaking loose from an assembly of grown-ups. The boy became volubly friendly and bubbling over with unexpected '''humour''' and high spirits.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1959|author=w:Georgette Heyer|title=w:The Unknown Ajax|chapter=1
|passage=Charles had not been employed above six months at Darracott Place, but he was not such a whopstraw as to make the least noise in the performance of his duties when his lordship was out of '''humour'''.}}
# {{senseid|en|mood}}{{lb|en|uncountable}} A [[mood]], especially a bad mood; a temporary state of mind or disposition brought upon by an event; an abrupt illogical inclination or whim.
#: {{syn|en|mood}}
#: {{ux|en|He was in a particularly vile '''humour''' that afternoon.}}
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Merry Wives|act=II|scene=i|passage=I like not the '''humour''' of lying.}}
#* {{RQ:Bacon Baconiana|chapter=Certain Apothegms of the Lord Bacon’s, hitherto Unpublished. [Apophthegm 10.]|page=55|passage=King ''[[w:James VI and I|James]]'', as he was a Prince of great Judgment, ſo he was a Prince of a marvellous pleaſant '''humour'''; {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1684|author={{w|Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon|Lord Roscommon}}|title=Essay on Translated Verse
|passage=Examine how your '''humour''' is inclined, / And which the ruling passion of your mind.}}
#* {{RQ:South Twelve Sermons|passage=Is my friend all perfection, all virtue and discretion? Has he not '''humours''' to be endured?}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1899|author=w:Stephen Crane|title=s:Twelve O'Clock|chapter=1|passage=([I]t was the town's '''humour''' to be always gassing of phantom investors who were likely to come any moment and pay a thousand prices for everything)—“{{nb...}}Them rich fellers, they don't make no bad breaks with their money.{{nb...}}”}}
# {{lb|en|archaic|or|historical}} Any of the [[fluids]] in an animal body, especially the four "cardinal humours" of [[blood]], [[yellow bile]], [[black bile]] and [[phlegm]] that were believed to control the health and mood of the human body.
#: {{syn|en|bodily fluid}}
#* {{RQ:Burton Melancholy|edition=2nd|passage=A '''humour''' is a liquid or fluent part of the body, comprehended in it, for the preservation of it; and is either innate or born with us, or adventitious and acquisite.}}
#* {{RQ:Bacon Sylva Sylvarum|7|passage=The cause is a temperate conglutination ; for both bodies are clammy and viscous , and do bridle the deflux of '''humours''' to the hurts , without penning them in too much}}
#* '''1763''', {{w|Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz}}, ''[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=zEoUAAAAYAAJ History of Louisisana]'' (PG), (tr. 1774) page 42:
#*: For some days a ''fistula lacrymalis'' had come into my left eye, which discharged an '''humour''', when pressed, that portended danger.
# {{lb|en|medicine}} Either of the two regions of [[liquid]] within the [[eyeball]], the [[aqueous humour]] and [[vitreous humour]].
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[moist|Moist]] vapour, [[moisture]].

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|something funny}} {{l|en|comedy}}, {{l|en|wit}}, {{l|en|witticism}}

====Derived terms====
{{col4|en
|humoral
|humorism
|humorist
|humorous
}}
{{col4|en|collapse=n|title=Expressions
|aqueous humour
|bad humour
|black humour
|crystalline humour
|dark humour
|dry humour
|gallows humour
|glacial humour
|good humour
|ill humour
|out of humour
|sense of humour
|toilet humour
|vitreous humour
}}

====Related terms====
{{col2|en
|humid
|humidity
}}

====Descendants====
{{top3}}
* {{desc|zh|-|bor=1|der=1}}
*: {{desc|yue|幽默}}
*: {{desc|cmn|幽默}}
* {{desc|da|humor|bor=1}}
** {{desc|is|húmor|bor=1}}
* {{desc|nl|humor|bor=1}}
* {{desc|eo|humuro|bor=1}}
* {{desctree|fr|humour|bor=1}}
* {{desc|de|Humor|sml=1}}
** {{desc|pl|humor|bor=1}}
** {{desc|yi|הומאָר|bor=1|qq=probably}}
* {{desc|el|χιούμορ|bor=1}}
* {{desc|it|humour|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ja|ユーモア|tr=yūmoa|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ko|유머|bor=1}}
* {{desc|no|-|bor=1|qq=also via German}}
*: Bokmål: {{l|nb|humor}}
*: Nynorsk: {{l|nb|humor}}
* {{desctree|ru|2=ю́мор|3=гу́мор|bor=1}}
* {{desc|sh|-|bor=1}}
*: {{desc|sh|ху̀мор|sclb=1}}
*: {{desc|sh|hùmor|sclb=1}}
* {{desc|sv|humor|sml=1}}
{{bottom}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|wit}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|humor|m}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|فُكَاهَة|f}}, {{t|ar|دُعَابَة|f}}
* Armenian: {{t|hy|հումար}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t|az|yumor}}, {{t+|az|zarafat}}, {{t+|az|şaka}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|гу́мар|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|ху́мор|m}}
* Burmese: {{t+|my|ဟာသ}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|humor|m}}
* Cebuano: {{t|ceb|kataw'anan}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|幽默}}, {{t+|cmn|諧謔|tr=xiéxuè, xiénüè}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|humor|m}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|humor|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|humor}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|humuro}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|huumor}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|huumori}}
* French: {{t+|fr|humour|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|იუმორი}}
* German: {{t+|de|Humor|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|χιούμορ|n}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|הוּמוֹר|m|tr=humór}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|humor}}, {{t+|hu|komikum}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|húmor|m}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|humor}}, {{t+|id|kelakar}}
* Interlingua: {{t+|ia|humor}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|greann|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|humour|m}}, {{t+|it|umorismo|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|ユーモア|tr=yūmoa}}, {{t+|ja|諧謔|tr=かいぎゃく, kaigyaku}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|әзіл}}
* Khmer: {{t|km|ការកំប្លែង|tr=kaa kɑmplɛɛng}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|유머}}, {{t+|ko|해학(諧謔)}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t+|ky|юмор}}, {{t+|ky|азил}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|humors|m}}
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|humoras|m}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|хумор|m}}
* Malayalam: {{t|ml|നർമ്മം}}, {{t|ml|ഹാസ്യം}}, {{t+|ml|തമാശ}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|manawareka}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|humor|m}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|humor|m}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|شوخی|tr=šuxi}}
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Spos|n}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|humor|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|humor|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|umor|n}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|ю́мор|m}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|àbhachd|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ху̀мор|m}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|hùmor|m}}
* Slovak: {{t+|sk|humor|m}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|humor|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|humor|m}}, {{t+|es|vis cómica|f}} {{qualifier|DLE}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|balantong}}
* Tajik: {{t|tg|зарофат}}
* Tatar: {{t|tt|юмор}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|హాస్యం}}
* Thai: {{t-needed|th}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|mizah}}, {{t+|tr|şaka}}
* Udmurt: {{t|udm|серембур}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|гу́мор|m}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|yumor}}, {{t+|uz|hazil}}, {{t+|uz|mutoyiba}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|hài hước|alt=sự hài hước}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|mood}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|مِزَاج|m}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|настро́й|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|настрое́ние|n}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|humor|m}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|心情}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|nálada|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|humør|n}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|stemming}}, {{t+|nl|humeur|n}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|humoro}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tuuli}}
* French: {{t+|fr|humeur|m}}, {{t+|fr|disposition|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Laune|f}}, {{t+|de|Humor|m}}, {{t+|de|Stimmung|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|kedv}}, {{t+|hu|hangulat}}, {{t+|hu|humor}}, {{t+|hu|kedély}}, {{t+|hu|kedélyállapot}}
* Interlingua: {{t+|ia|humor}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|giúmar|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|umore|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|気分|tr=きぶん, kibun}}, {{t+|ja|気持ち|tr=きもち, kimochi}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|기분(氣分)}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|garastāvoklis|m}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|nuotaika|f}}, {{t|lt|nusiteikimas|m}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|humør|n}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|گش|tr=gaš}}
* Piedmontese: {{t|pms|umor|m}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|humor|m}}, {{t+|pl|nastrój|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|humor|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|настрое́ние|n}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|расположење|n}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|raspoloženje|n}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|nálada|f}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|razpoloženje|n}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|humor|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|humör|n}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|на́стрій|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|historical: any of the four cardinal humors}}
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|خِلْط|m-s}}, {{t|ar|أَخْلَاط|m-p}}
* Danish: {{t-needed|da}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|perusneste}}
* French: {{t+|fr|humeur|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Körpersaft|m}}, {{t+|de|Saft|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|testnedv}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|гумор|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|kroppsvätska|c}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Interlingua: {{t+check|ia|humor}}
* Japanese: {{t-check|ja|笑い話|tr=わらいばなし, waraibanashi}}, {{t+check|ja|笑い|tr=わらい, warai}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[pacify]] by [[indulge|indulging]].
#: {{ux|en|I know you don't believe my story, but '''humour''' me for a minute and imagine it to be true.}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to pacify by indulging}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|угаждам}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|tegemoet komen}}, {{t+|nl|paaien}}, {{t+|nl|toegeven}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|olla mieliksi}}
* French: {{t+|fr|amadouer}}
* German: {{t|de|jemandem seinen [[Willen]] [[lassen]]}}, {{t+|de|besänftigen}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|kedvében jár}}, {{t|hu|kedvére tesz}}, {{t+|hu|alkalmazkodik}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|mol le}}, {{t|ga|ionramhái}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|accontentare}}, {{t+|it|assecondare}}
* Latin: {{t|la|mōrigerō}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|угожда́ть}}, {{t+|ru|ублажа́ть}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|seguir la corriente}}, {{t|es|hacer el favor}}
* Swedish: {{t|sv|gå till mötes}}, {{t|sv|foga sig}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===See also===
* {{pedia}}

===References===
<references/>

{{C|en|Bodily_fluids|Comedy|Human_behaviour}}

{{cln|en|terms suffixed with -our}}

==French==

===Etymology===
{{bor|fr|en|humour}}, itself from {{inh|fr|fro|humor}}, {{m|fro|humour}}. {{doublet|fr|humeur}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-muteh}} {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-humour.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|fr|uʁ|s=2}}

===Noun===
{{fr-noun|m}}

# [[humor]]; [[comic]] effect in a communication or performance
#: {{ux|fr|Il n'a aucun sens de l'humour.|He doesn't have any sense of humor.}}

====Derived terms====
{{col3|fr
|humoriste
|humoristique
|humour noir
|sens de l'humour
}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|bor=1|ro|humor|umor}}
* {{desc|bor=1|tr|humor}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

==Italian==

===Etymology===
{{ubor|it|en|humour}}. {{doublet|it|umore}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{it-pr|iùmor<r:DiPI>}}

===Noun===
{{it-noun|m|#}}

# sense of {{l|en|humour}}/[[humor]]

===References===
<references />

===Further reading===
* {{R:it:Treccani}}

==Middle English==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|enm|humore|umour|humor|humur|humer}}

===Etymology===
From {{bor|enm|fro|humor}}, from {{der|enm|la|hūmor}}, {{m|la|ūmor}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|enm|/iu̯ˈmuːr/|/ˈiu̯mur/}}

===Noun===
{{enm-noun|humours}}

# A "cardinal humour" {{gloss|four liquids believed to affect health and mood}}
# A bodily [[liquid]] or [[substance]] that causes [[disease]] or [[affliction]].
# A bodily liquid or substance that is caused by disease.
# One of the two (usually reckoned as three or four) fluidous portions of the [[eye]].
# Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a [[fluidous]] manner:
## The liquid contained within a [[plant]]; plant juices.
## {{lb|enm|rare}} A liquid of the [[human]] [[body]] {{gloss|e.g. blood}}
# A [[mist]] or [[gas]]; a substance dissipated in the air.
# {{lb|enm|rare}} One of the four classical elements {{gloss|fire, earth, air, and water}}.

====Descendants====
* {{desc|en|humour}} {{see desc}}
* {{desc|sco|humour}}

====References====
* {{R:MED Online|entry=hūmǒur |pos=n |id=MED21480|accessdate=2018-12-09}}

===See also===
* {{list helper|title=four humours|flewme|coler|malencolie|sanguine|lang=enm}}

{{C|enm|Bodily fluids|Botany|Disease|Emotions|Eye|Liquids|Pseudoscience|Psychology}}

==Old French==

===Noun===
{{head|fro|noun|g=m|g2=f}}

# {{lb|fro|Anglo-Norman}} {{alternative form of|fro|humor}}