DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS.pptxDEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS.pptx

DEVELOPMENT OF
DANCE
GOLDEN GATES COLLEGES
MAPEH 507

HISTORY OF DANCE
•Continuing mystery, some
archeologist have a belief that dance
originated between 5,000-9,000
years ago
•They believe that it come from the
cultures located between Pakistan to
the Danube Basin
MAPEH 507

WHAT WERE SOME OF THE FIRST
STYLES OF DANCE?
•Ballet
MAPEH 507

STYLES OF DANCE?
•Folk
MAPEH 507

STYLES OF DANCE?
•Flamenco Dance
MAPEH 507

WHAT ARE SOME OF THE MOST NOTED
HISTORICAL GENRES OF DANCE
•Ballet
•Folk
•Hip-hop
•Tap
•Jazz
•belly
MAPEH 507

HOW HAVE DANCE STYLES AND
GENRES CHANGED OVER THE
CENTURIES?
•They have been used as
forms of entertainment
and general health
•They have gone from
extremely reformed to
having more freedom
MAPEH 507

RENAISSANCE
•Some dances are called court
dances which required the dancer to
be trained and were often displayed
for entertainment. Country dances
could be attempted by anyone
MAPEH 507

BAROQUE
•Classical ballet the
French culture was
highly influential in
society this new style of
dance was no
exception. Dance such
as menuet, sarabande,
gavotte, and gigue all
share roughly the
MAPEH 507

ROMANTIC
•During this period the popular
dance is called quadrille (It is a type
of line dance similar to square
dance)
MAPEH 507

NEO- CLASSICAL
•Revival of styles and
spirits of classical
antiquity inspired from
the classical period a
reaction against the
preceding rococo style
MAPEH 507

IMPRESSIONIST
•A time a
reform a
theatrical
ballet and a
time of
precision
MAPEH 507

MODERN
•Evolved during the
early 20th
century
was a dance form
more powerful for
a communication
system looking
beyond what was
traditional western
theatrical dance
MAPEH 507

PHILIPPINE DANCE
MAPEH 507

DANCE
•A form of expression
of oneself through
rhythmic movement
MAPEH 507

TRADITIONAL DANCES
These are the dances of
indigenous communities that show
cultural traits of people in specific
time and place. Customs and
traditions through dance steps and
costumes are preserved in traditional
dance. These dances are handed
down from generation to generation
with fixed sets of patterns
MAPEH 507

FOLKDANCE
•The oldest form of
dance and the
earliest form of
communication
•Traditional dance of
a given country
which evolved
naturally and
MAPEH 507

FOLKDANCE
•It is handed down from generation
to generation
•It has more or less a fixed
movement in their pattern but may
differ in various areas or provinces
MAPEH 507

5 MAJOR CLASSIFICATIONS OF PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCES
•Cordillera Dances
•Spanish Influenced
Dances
•Muslim Dances
•Tribal Dances
•Rural Dances
MAPEH 507

1. CORDILLERA DANCES
•Dance reflects
rituals of
Spaniards or
other which
celebrate their
foreigners
stepped daily
lives
MAPEH 507

• Bontoc, Ifugao, Benguet, Apayao and
Kalinga Tribes
• People whose way of life existed long
before any
• Dances reflects rituals or other which
celebrate their lives- good foot on the
harvest, health, peace,
• Gongs, ganza symbols of living
MAPEH 507

MAPEH 507

2. SPANISH INFLUENCED DANCES
•Dance reflects
socialites to the
Christianity, and
stringed music of
European art and the
rondalla culture
MAPEH 507

2. SPANISH INFLUENCED DANCES
•Philippine Aristocrats
created Filipino
adaptations of
European dances
•Jotas, Fandangos,
Mazurkas, Waltzes
•Dances by the young
MAPEH 507

3. MUSLIM DANCES
•Influenced by Malay, Javanese and
Middle Eastern Traders (Islam)
•Mysticism, royalty, and beauty
•Uses intricate hand and arm
movement
•The fingers express feelings and
emotions uses shimmering
MAPEH 507

3. MUSLIM DANCES
MAPEH 507

4. TRIBAL DANCES
•Intricate craftsmanship in metal,
clothing, and jewelry
•Reflects rituals and animals, belief
in “spirits” and shamans
•Also known as Ethnic nature-
“anito’ dances; Ethnic minorities
MAPEH 507

4. TRIBAL DANCES
•Animal sounds, found in different
parts of human singing
•The Philippines T’boli, Bilaan,
Manobo, Bagobo, playing
indigenous materials
MAPEH 507

5. RURAL DANCES
•Reflects the simple life of
perseverance the people in the
barrio
•Depicts common work, clapping,
rondalla, daily activities of the
percussion peasants instruments
MAPEH 507

5. RURAL DANCES
•Reflects the simple life of
perseverance the people in the
barrio
•Depicts common work, clapping,
rondalla, daily, daily activities of
the percussion peasants
instruments
MAPEH 507

5. RURAL DANCES
• Shows gaiety and laughter, festivities
• Performed in fiestas to honor patron
saints, give homage to the barrios
namesake for a good harvest, health
and Indigenous materials
MAPEH 507

COSTUMES IN PHILIPPINE FOLKDANCE
1. Typical Spanish
Elite
Female: Maria Clara
Male: Barong
Tagalog and Black
Pants
MAPEH 507

COSTUMES IN PHILIPPINE FOLKDANCE
2. Rural (Tagalog)
Female: Balintawak
with soft panuelo
and tapis
Male: Camisa de
Chino and trousers
of different colors
MAPEH 507

COSTUMES IN PHILIPPINES FOLKDANCE
3. Rural (Ilocano)
Female: Chambra
(Blouse) and
Siesgo (an A-line
skirt)
Male: Camisa de
Chino and
trousers of
MAPEH 507

4. Muslim
•“Sigpit” or “Sablay”
•Patadyong
•Malong
•Pants
MAPEH 507

5. Cordillera/ Tribal
Male: G-string, short jacket
and shoulder band,
feathered head dresses-
“bahag”
Female: Hinabing tela
(hablon)
Accessories
(beads)
MAPEH 507

NATIONAL ARTISTS
MAPEH 507

ARCHITECTURE
1. Juan F. Nakpil
(1899-1986)
Architect, civil
engineer, teacher
and civic leader. He
is a pioneer and
innovator in
Philippine
MAPEH 507

A R C H I T E C T U R E
1. Juan F. Nakpil (1899-1986)
In essence, Nakpil’s greatest contribution
is his belief that there is such a thing as
Philippine Architecture, espousing
architecture reflective of Philippine
traditions and culture. It is also largely
due to his representation and efforts
that private Filipino architects and
engineers, by law, are now able to
participate in the design and execution of
MAPEH 507

1. Juan F. Nakpil (1899-1986)
He has integrated strength, function, and
beauty in the buildings that are the
country's heritage today. He designed the
1937 International Eucharistic Congress
altar and rebuilt and enlarged the Quiapo
Church in 1930 adding a dome and a
second belfry to the original design. In
1973, he was named one of the National
Artists for architecture, and tapped as the
MAPEH 507

1. Juan F. Nakpil (1899-1986)
MAPEH 507

2. Pablo S. Antonio
MAPEH 507

2. Pablo S. Antonio
He pioneered modern Philippine
architecture. His basic design is grounded
on simplicity, no clutter. The lines are clean
and smooth, and where there are curves,
these are made integral to the structure.
Pablo Jr. points out, “For our Father, every
line must have a meaning, a purpose. For
him, function comes first before elegance
or form“.
MAPEH 507

2. Pablo S. Antonio
The other thing that characterizes an
Antonio structure is the maximum use of
natural light and cross ventilation. Antonio
believes that buildings “should be planned
with austerity in mind and its stability
forever as the aim of true architecture, that
buildings must be progressive, simple in
design but dignified, true to a purpose
without resorting to an applied set of
aesthetics and should eternally recreate
MAPEH 507

2. Pablo S. Antonio
Manila Antonio’s major works include the
following: Far Eastern University
Administration and Science buildings;
Manila Polo Club; Ideal Theater; Lyric
Theater; Galaxy Theater; Capitan Luis
Gonzaga Building; Boulevard- Alhambra
(now Bel-Air) apartments; Ramon Roces
Publications Building (now Guzman
Institute of Electronics).
MAPEH 507

3. Leandro V. Locsin (1990)
MAPEH 507

3. Leandro V. Locsin (1990)
A man who believes that true Philippine
architecture “is the product of two great
streams of culture, the oriental and the
occidental… to produce a new object of
profound harmony,” Leandro V. Locsin is
the man responsible for designing
everything you see at CCP complex – the
cultural center of the Philippines, folk arts
theatre, Philippine International Convention
Center, and the Westin hotel (now Sofitel
MAPEH 507

V I S U A L A RT S
1. Carlos “Botong”
Francisco (Painting)
November 4, 1912-
March 31, 1969)
The poet of Angono,
single- handedly revived
the forgotten art of mural
and remained its most
distinguished practitioner
for nearly three decades.
MAPEH 507

V I S U A L A RT S
1. Carlos “Botong” Francisco (Painting) November
4, 1912- March 31, 1969)
In panels such as those that grace the City Hall of
Manila, Francisco turned fragments of the historic
past into vivid records of the legendary courage of
the ancestors of his race. He was invariably linked
with the “modernist” artists, forming with Victorio C.
Edades and Galo Ocampo what was then known in
the local art circles as “The Triumvirate”. Botong’s
unerring eye for composition, the lush tropical
sense of color and an abiding faith in the folk values
typified by the townspeople of Angono became the
MAPEH 507

V I S U A L A RT S
2. Guillermo Estrella Tolentino
MAPEH 507

V I S U A L A RT S
2. Guillermo Estrella Tolentino
Other works include the bronze figures of President
Quezon at Quezon Memorial, life- size busts of Jose
Rizal at UP and UE, marble statue of Ramon
Magsaysay in GSIS Building; granolithics of heroic
statues representing education, medicine, forestry,
veterinary science, fine arts and music at UP. He
also designed the gold and bronze medals for the
Ramon Magsaysay Award and did the seal of the
Republic of the Philippines.
MAPEH 507

C I N E M A
1. Ronald Allan K. Poe
(August 20, 1939-
December 14, 2004)
Popularly known as
Fernando Poe, Jr., was a
cultural icon of
tremendous audience
impact and cinema artist
and craftsman– as actor,
director, writer and
producer.
MAPEH 507

C I N E M A
1. Ronald Allan K. Poe (August 20, 1939- December
14, 2004)
The image of the underdog was projected in his
films such as Apollo Robles(1961), Batang Maynila
(1962), Mga Alabok sa Lupa (1967), Batang Matador
and Batang Estibador (1969), Ako ang katarungan
(1974), Tatak ng Alipin (1975), Totoy Bato (1977),
Asedillo (1981), Partida (1985), and Ang Probisyano
(1996), among many others.
MAPEH 507

C I N E M A
2. EDDIE ROMERO (JULY 7, 1924 – MAY 28, 2013)
MAPEH 507

C I N E M A
Is a screenwriter, film director and producer, is the
quintessential Filipino filmmaker whose life is
devoted to the art and commerce of cinema
spanning three generations of filmmakers. His film
“Ganito kami noon…paano kayo ngayon?,” Set at
the turn of the century during the revolution
against the Spaniards and, later, the American
colonizers, follows a naïve peasant through his leap
of faith to become a member of an imagined
community.
MAPEH 507

C I N E M A
His 13-part series of “Noli Me Tangere” brings the
national hero’s polemic novel to a new generation
of viewers. Romero, the ambitious yet practical
artist, was not satisfied with dreaming up grand
ideas. He found ways to produce these dreams into
films. His concepts, ironically, as stated in the
National Artist citation “are delivered in an utterly
simple style – minimalist, but never empty, always
calculated, precise and functional, but never
predictable.”
MAPEH 507

L I T E R AT U R E
1. CARLOS P. ROMULO (JANUARY 14, 1899 –
DECEMBER 15, 1985)
MAPEH 507

L I T E R AT U R E
DECEMBER 15, 1985)
His career spanned 50 years of public service as
educator, soldier, university president, journalist and
diplomat. It is common knowledge that he was the
first Asian president of the united nations general
assembly, then Philippine ambassador to
Washington, D.C., And later minister of foreign
affairs. Essentially though, Romulo was very much
into writing: he was a reporter at 16, a newspaper
editor by the age of 20, and a publisher at 32.
MAPEH 507

L I T E R AT U R E
DECEMBER 15, 1985)
He was the only Asian to win America’s coveted
Pulitzer Prize in Journalism for a series of articles
predicting the outbreak of World War II. Romulo, in
all, wrote and published 18 books, a range of
literary works which included The United (novel), I
Walked with Heroes (autobiography), I Saw the Fall
of the Philippines, Mother America, I See the
Philippines Rise (war- time memoirs).
MAPEH 507

L I T E R AT U R E
2. LEVI CELERIO (LITERATURE AND MUSIC, 1997)
MAPEH 507

L I T E R AT U R E
2. LEVI CELERIO (LITERATURE AND
MUSIC, 1997) A prolific lyricist and
composer, is known for having
effortlessly translating or rewriting lyrics
of traditional Filipino melodies like “O
maliwanag na buwan” (Iloko), “ako ay
may singsing” (Pampango), and
“Alibangbang” (Visaya). He’s also been
immortalized in the Guinness book of
world records as the only person to make
MAPEH 507

FA S H I O N D E S I G N
1. RAMON VALERA
(AUGUST 31, 1912 – MAY
25, 1972) The contribution
of Ramon Valera, whose
family hails from Abra, lies
in the tradition of
excellence of his works,
and his commitment to his
profession, performing his
magical seminal
innovations on the
MAPEH 507

1. RAMON VALERA (AUGUST 31, 1912 – MAY 25,
1972)
Valera is said to have given the country its visual
icon to the world via the terno. In the early 40s,
Valera produced a single piece of clothing from a
four-piece ensemble consisting of a blouse, skirt,
overskirt, and long scarf. He unified the
components of the Baro’t Saya into a single dress
with exaggerated bell sleeves, cinched at the waist,
grazing the ankle, and zipped up at the back. Using
zipper in place of hooks was already a radical
change for the country’s elite then.
MAPEH 507

1. RAMON VALERA (AUGUST 31, 1912 – MAY 25,
1972)
Dropping the panuelo–the long folded scarf
hanging down the chest, thus serving as the
Filipina’s gesture of modesty–from the entire
ensemble became a bigger shock for the women
then. Valera constructed the terno’s butterfly
sleeves, giving them a solid, built-in but hidden
support. To the world, the butterfly sleeves became
the terno’s defining feature.
MAPEH 507

T H E AT E R D E S I G N
1. RAMON OBUSAN
(JUNE 16, 1938 –
DECEMBER 21, 2006) He
was a dancer,
choreographer, stage
designer and artistic
director. He achieved
phenomenal success in
Philippine dance and
cultural work
MAPEH 507

1. RAMON OBUSAN (JUNE 16, 1938 – DECEMBER
21, 2006)
He was also acknowledged as a researcher, archivist
and documentary filmmaker who broadened and
deepened the Filipino understanding of his own
cultural life and expressions. Through the Ramon
Obusan Folkloric Grop (ROFG), he had effected
cultural and diplomatic exchanges using the
multifarious aspects and dimensions of the art of
dance
MAPEH 507

1. RAMON OBUSAN (JUNE 16, 1938 – DECEMBER 21,
2006)
Productions he choreographed are the following:
“Vamos a Belen! Series” (1998-2004) Philippine
Dances Tradition “Noon Po sa Amin,” tableaux of
Philippine History in song, drama and dance “Obra
Maestra,” a collection of Ramon Obusan’s dance
masterpieces “Unpublished Dances of the
Philippines,” Series I-IV “Water, Fire and Life,
Philippine Dances and Music–A Celebration of Life
Saludo sa Sentenyal” “Glimpses of ASEAN, Dances and
Music of the ASEAN-Member Countries” “Saplot
(Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group): Philippines
MAPEH 507

2. FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO (MARCH 9, 1899 –
NOVEMBER 21, 1983)
MAPEH 507

NOVEMBER 21, 1983)
Acknowledged as the folk dance pioneer. This
Bulakeña began her research on folk dances in
the 1920’s making trips to remote barrios in
Central and Northern Luzon. Her research on the
unrecorded forms of local celebration, ritual and
sport resulted into a 1926 thesis titled “Philippine
folk dances and games,” and arranged specifically
for use by teachers and playground instructors in
public and private schools.
MAPEH 507

NOVEMBER 21, 1983)
In the 1940’s, she served as supervisor of Physical
Education at the Bureau of Education that
distributed her work and adapted the teaching of
folk dancing as a medium of making young
Filipinos aware of their cultural heritage. In 1954,
she received the republic award of merit given by
the late pres. Ramon Magsaysay for “outstanding
contribution toward the advancement of Filipino
culture”, one among the many awards and
recognition given to her
MAPEH 507

NOVEMBER 21, 1983)
Her books include the following: Philippine
National Dances (1946); Gymnastics for Girls
(1947); Fundamental Dance Steps and Music
(1948);Foreign Folk Dances (1949); Dances for all
Occasion (1950); Playground Demonstration
(1951); and Philippine Folk Dances, Volumes I to
VI
MAPEH 507

H I S TO R I C A L L I T E R AT U R E
CARLOS QUIRINO (JANUARY 14, 1910 – MAY 20, 1999)
MAPEH 507

Carlos Quirino, biographer, has the distinction of
having written one of the earliest biographies of Jose
Rizal titled the Great Malayan. Quirino’s books and
articles span the whole gamut of Philippine history
and culture–from Bonifacio’s trial to Aguinaldo’s
biography, from Philippine cartography to culinary
arts, from cash crops to tycoons and president’s lives,
among so many subjects
MAPEH 507

In 1997, Pres. Fidel Ramos created historical
literature as a new category in the national artist
awards and Quirino was its first recipient. He made a
record earlier on when he became the very first
Filipino correspondent for the united press institute.
MAPEH 507

His book Maps and Views of Old Manila is
considered as the best book on the subject. His other
books include Quezon, Man of Destiny, Magsaysay of
the Philippines, Lives of the Philippine Presidents,
Philippine Cartography, The History of Philippine
Sugar Industry, Filipino Heritage: The Making of a
Nation, Filipinos at War: The Fight for Freedom from
Mactan to EDSA.
MAPEH 507

M U S I C
ANTONIO J. MOLINA (DECEMBER 26, 1894 –
JANUARY 29, 1980)
MAPEH 507

M U S I C
JANUARY 29, 1980)
Versatile musician, composer, music educator was the
last of the musical triumvirate, two of whom were
Nicanor Abelardo and Francisco Santiago, who
elevated music beyond the realm of folk music. At an
early age, he took to playing the violoncello and
played it so well it did not take long before he was
playing as orchestra soloist for the manila grand
opera house.
MAPEH 507

M U S I C
JANUARY 29, 1980)
Molina is credited for introducing such innovations
as the whole tone scale, pentatonic scale, exuberance
of dominant ninths and eleventh cords, and linear
counterpoints. As a member of the faculty of the UP
conservatory, he had taught many of the country’s
leading musical personalities and educators like
Lucresia Kasilag and Felipe de Leon.
MAPEH 507

M U S I C
JANUARY 29, 1980)
Molina’s most familiar composition is Hatinggabi, a
serenade for solo violin and piano accompaniment.
Other works are (orchestral music) Misa Antoniana
Grand Festival Mass, Ang Batingaw, Kundiman-
Kundangan; (chamber music) Hating Gabi, String
Quartet, Kung sa Iyong Gunita, Pandangguhan; (vocal
music) Amihan, Awit ni Maria Clara, Larawan Nitong
Pilipinas, among others.
MAPEH 507

T H E AT E R
DAISY H. AVELLANA (JANUARY 26, 1917 – MAY 12,
2013)
MAPEH 507

T H E AT E R
DAISY H. AVELLANA (JANUARY 26, 1917 – MAY 12,
2013)
An actor, director and writer. Born in Roxas City, Capiz
on January 26, 1917, she elevated legitimate theater
and dramatic arts to a new level of excellence by
staging and performing in breakthrough productions
of Classic Filipino and foreign plays and by
encouraging the establishment of performing groups
and the Professionalization of Filipino theater.
MAPEH 507

T H E AT E R
DAISY H. AVELLANA (JANUARY 26, 1917 – MAY 12, 2013)
Together with her husband, national artist Lamberto
Avellana and other artists, she co-founded the barangay
theatre guild in 1939 which paved the way for the
popularization of theatre and dramatic arts in the country,
utilizing radio and television.
She starred in plays like Othello (1953), Macbeth in Black
(1959), Casa de Bernarda Alba (1967), Tatarin. She is best
remembered for her portrayal of Candida Marasigan in
the stage and film versions of Nick Joaquin’s Portrait of
the Artist as Filipino. Her directorial credits include Diego
Silang (1968), and Walang Sugat (1971). Among her
screenplays were Sakay (1939) and Portrait of the Artist as
MAPEH 507

DEVELOPMENT OF
LITERATURE PERIODS
MAPEH 507

H I S TO RY O F L I T E R AT U R E
The beginning of literature
• About 5,000 years ago, they
began to record laws, letters,
poems, and taxes. Using reeds as
pens, they made wedge-shaped
marks on slabs of damp clay. This
form of writing is called
cuneiform. Historians believe
cuneiform was the world’s first
writing.
• To write in cuneiform, they
made wedge-shaped marks on a
damp, clay tablet. When the clay
MAPEH 507

E G Y P T I A N S
invented a kind of picture
writing called hieroglyphics.
• They also made papyrus, a
paper-like material, and they
wrote some of the first books.
• Ancient Egyptians used
hieroglyphs to record important
documents and historical
events.
• Unlike alphabet letters, which
represent sounds, hieroglyphs
represent words or concepts.
MAPEH 507

CHINA CHINESE CLASSICS AND
CLASSICAL CHINESE POETRY
• The Classic of Poetry (or Shijing) is the oldest existing
collection of Chinese poetry, comprising 305 works by
anonymous authors dating from the 11th to 7th
centuries BC.
MAPEH 507

HEBREW LITERATURE
• The books that constitute the Hebrew
Bible developed over roughly a
millennium.
• The oldest texts seem to come from
the eleventh or tenth centuries BCE.
They are edited works, being
collections of various sources intricately
and carefully woven together.
• The Old Testament was compiled and
edited by various men over a period of
centuries.
• The works have been subject to
various literary evaluations (both
secular and religious).
MAPEH 507

GREEK LITERATURE
• Many authors consider the
western literary tradition to
have begun with the epic
poems The Iliad and The
Odyssey, which remain giants
in the literary canon for their
skillful and vivid depictions of
war and peace, honor and
disgrace, love and hatred.
MAPEH 507

EUROPEAN LITERATURE
• After the fall of
Rome (in roughly
476), many of the
literary approaches
and styles invented
by the Greeks and
Romans fell out of
favor in Europe.
• focused more
and more on faith
and faith- related
matters
MAPEH 507

RENAISSANCE (16TH
AND 17TH
CENTURIES)
Its name means ‘’rebirth’’. -which means
flourishing of arts and other culture that
swept across Europe
• Johann Gutenberg and his invention of
the printing press, an innovation (for
Europe, at least) that would change
literature forever.
MAPEH 507

RENAISSANCE (16TH
AND 17TH
CENTURIES)
Texts were no longer precious and expensive
to produce—they could be cheaply and rapidly
put into the marketplace. Literacy went from
the prized possession of the select few to a
much broader section of the population
(though by no means universal). As a result,
much about literature in Europe was radically
altered in the two centuries following
Gutenberg's unveiling of the printing press in
1455.
MAPEH 507

RENAISSANCE (16TH
AND 17TH
CENTURIES)
• There are prominent writers like Christopher Marlowe,
Francis Bacon and even William Shakespeare.
• Renaissance creators value the dignity of man and the
joys of society much more than their predecessors; this is
known as humanism
• embracing literature as an art form
• The Renaissance also gave birth to the Protestant
Reformation as religious folks began to question
objectionable doctrines by the Roman Catholic Church.
MAPEH 507

RENAISSANCE (16TH
AND 17TH
CENTURIES)
MAPEH 507

RENAISSANCE (16TH
AND 17TH
CENTURIES)
• Novel—originated from this period and grew in
popularity in the next century.
• Plays for entertainment (as opposed to religious
enlightenment). • William Shakespeare is the most
notable of the early modern playwrights, but numerous
others made important contributions, including
Christopher Marlowe, Molière, and Ben Jonson.
• The new style in English poetry during the 17th century
was that of the metaphysical movement. The
metaphysical poets were John Donne, George Herbert,
Andrew Marvell, Thomas Traherne, Henry Vaughan and
others.
MAPEH 507

18TH
CENTURY
• People are really into strict science, logic, and
intellectual discourse.
• Augustan literature and French literature of the 18th
century
• The early 18th century sees the conclusion of the
Baroque period and the incipient Age of Enlightenment
with authors such as Immanuel Kant, Voltaire, Jean-
Jacques Rousseau or Gotthold Ephraim Lessing.
MAPEH 507

19TH
CENTURY
19th century is dominated by the Victorian era,
characterized by Romanticism, with Romantic poets such
as William Wordsworth, Lord Byron or Samuel Taylor
Coleridge and genres such as the gothic novel. • In
Denmark, the early 19th century Golden Age produced
prolific literary authors such as Søren Kierkegaard and
Hans Christian Andersen. • In the later 19th century,
Romanticism is countered by Realism and Naturalism. •
The late 19th century, known as the Belle Époque, with
its Fin de siècle retrospectively appeared as a "golden
age" of European culture, cut short by the outbreak of
World War I in 1914. don't care about logic and
MAPEH 507

20TH
CENTURY
• The main periods of 20th century
literature are captured in the bipartite
division: -Modernist literature -
Postmodern literature
• Popular literature develops its own
genres such as fantasy and science
fiction.).
• don't care about logic and rationality
MAPEH 507

PHILIPPINE EPICS
MAPEH 507

EPIC
• A long narrative poem telling a
heroes deeds.
• A long poem typically derived from
ancient oral tradition, narrating the
deeds and adventures of heroic or
legendary figures or the history of
the nation.
MAPEH 507

ESTABLISHED EPIC
poems of notable quality and length blossomed.
Early historians like
1. Padre Colin,
2. Joaquin Martinez de Zuniga
3. Antonio Pigafetta
have all attested to the existence of epics.
MAPEH 507

PHILIPPINE EPIC
The Maragtas Chronicles of Panay
(Visayan Epic Poetry)
It attempts to explain the
origins of the Filipinos and tells
the story of 10 Datus or chieftains
from Borneo that sail across the
oceans to escape the cruel reign
of the Sultan Makatunaw. Upon
Arrival on Panay Islands, the
datus meet a tribe of native called
the Aetas. The Aetas eventually
sell a piece of their land to the
datus and they live side by side in
MAPEH 507

PHILIPPINE EPIC
Darangan (Mindanao)
• This is a very much like Greek
mythology that tells about the
romantic adventure s of noble warriors
from Mindanao. A lot of the story
focuses in one warrior- prince who is
Bantugan, who owned magic shield
and was protected by divine spirits.
• It revolved around war and love,
much like Homer’s Trojar War but what
makes the Darangan extra special is
that it is sung instead of just being sad,
it has twenty- five beautiful chapters.
MAPEH 507

PHILIPPINE EPIC
Aliguyon (Igorot)
• The Aliguyon follows the life of the
hero after which the story is named,
who is gifted with great powers (he can
travel to far places without resting or
eating and has never been beaten in
battle). He embarks on a series of fights
with his arch- rival Pumbakhayon, the
only warrior with skills that match his.
• The duel lasts 3 years without anyone
winning so in orderto end things,
Alilguyon decided to marry
pumbakhayon’s sister, thus unify their
MAPEH 507

MOCK EPIC
is a long, heroic-comical poem that
merely imitates features of the classical
epic.
The mock epic focuses frequently on
the exploits of an antihero whose
activities illustrate the shallowness of a
class or group he represents.
This style of epic is a satire.
MAPEH 507

E P I C P O E M
An epic poem is a ceremonial performance.
• The poet begins by stating his theme, then
invokes the Muses to help him with his
undertaking.
• The narration usually begins in the middle
point of the action and at a crucial point; the
events that happened before the narrative
opening are introduced later on.
• There are catalogues of some of the main
characters, introduced to the reader in formal
detail
MAPEH 507

EXAMPLES OF PHILPPINE EPIC
MAPEH 507

DEVELOPMENT OF
CINEMA AND FILMS
MAPEH 507

SILENT FILMS
• The silent film had its origins in the late nineteenth
century.
• Thomas Edison and the Frenchman Georges Méliès can
be considered the precursors of the silent film. Thomas
Edison George Méliès
MAPEH 507

SILENT FILMS
• It's a film that hasn’t synchronized
recorded sound.
• Composed exclusively of images.
• Also consists of soundtrack that
expresses action, drama, horror, etc..
• Its main objective is to convey
emotion through physical expressions
MAPEH 507

SILENT FILMS
The Birth of a Nation (1915)
Two brothers of the Stoneman family
visit Cameron, South Carolina. The
friendship is affected by civil war,
because Cameron enlist in the
Confederate army while Stoneman unite
the forces of the Union. The film
portrays the consequences of the war in
lives of these two families and
connections with the major historical
MAPEH 507

SILENT FILMS
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923)
Quasimodo (Charles Laughton), the
deformed bell ringer of Notre Dame,
located in Paris, is unjustly sentenced to
be flogged. When he asks for water only
a Gypsy (Maureen O'Hara) feel
compassion for him. When she is
unjustly accused of murder, he decides
to protect her.
MAPEH 507

SIL ENT FILMS
The Flying Deuces (1939)
Stan and Ollie are American dealers who are in
Paris on business. When the time comes to
leave, however, Ollie warns the friend who will
be in town as it fell for Georgette, the daughter
of the innkeeper where they are installed.
Georgette has fun with the attentions of Ollie
and doesn’t tell him that is married to François,
an officer of the French Foreign Legion. With
the help of Stan, Ollie asks the girl to marry but
becomes disillusioned when he knows about
MAPEH 507

FILM NOIR
‘Film Noir’ is a term applied by French critics to a type of
film, usually of a detective/crime genre. Film Noir is a
movie that is marked by a mood of pessimism, fatalism,
menace and cynical characters. The characters are often
corrupt or desperate.
Film Noir is a term used primarily to describe crime
dramas, particularly those that emphasize moral
ambiguity and sexual motivation. The films are
characterized by low-key lighting and a grim, bleak urban
setting that deals mainly with dark and violent passions.
They are downbeat films set in a criminal underworld.
Film Noir is the mood, point-of-view, or tone of the film.
MAPEH 507

SETTING OF FILM NOIR
Settings are often interiors with low-key or single source
lighting and dark, claustrophobic, gloomy appearances.
Exteriors were often urban night scenes with deep
shadows, wet asphalt, dark alleyways, rain-slicked or
mean streets, flashing neon lights and low key lighting.
Story locations were often in murky and dark streets,
dimly-lit and low-rent apartments and hotel rooms of big
cities or abandoned warehouses.
MAPEH 507

NARRATIVE DEVICES OF FILM NOIR
Narrative devices create a relationship between the plot
and the story. Voice-over and flashbacks are persistent
stylistic and narrative elements of Film Noir. Narrative
brings time and memory together while the unusual
juxtaposition of temporalities gives the spectator a
premonition of what will occur/has occurred in the
flashback story. The protagonist’s voice over is used to
update the audience and to progress the film
MAPEH 507

ICONOGRAPHY
Things the audience expect to see
in Film Noir are detectives, police,
murder, corruption, criminals, the
seductive female etc. Items and
settings which the audience expect
are things such as guns (often with
silencers), knives, false love, dark
and dingy claustrophobic places etc
MAPEH 507

THEMES
moods of Film Noir are moral corruption, guilt,
desperation, paranoia, evil, pessimism, ambiguity,
bleakness, alienation, melancholy, disillusionment
and disenchantment. Protagonists of Film Noir are
often morally ambiguous low-lives from the dark
and gloomy underworld of violent crime and
corruption. The storylines are usually elliptical,
non-linear and twisting. The narratives are
frequently complex and typically told with
background music, flashbacks, witty dialogue and
sometimes first-person voice-over narration.
MAPEH 507

DOCUMENTARY
1. Consisting or based on official documents.
2. 2. Using pictures or interviews with people involved in
real events to provide a factual report on a particular
subject.
3. documentary is something that uses a platform like
film or television to document the world, depicting
things as they are in their honest state and capturing
realism, the constant evolving of the human race and
its inhabitants. Documentaries are a way to
manipulate minds in both good ways and bad, while
also exposing the hard truths about society and the
world we live in
MAPEH 507

DIFFERENT TYPES DOCUMENTARIES
1. Observational
Documentary –
these
documentaries
attempt to simply
and spontaneously
observe lived life
with a minimum of
intervention.
MAPEH 507

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DOCUMENTARIES
2. Expository Documentary - these speak directly to the
viewer, often in the form of an authoritative commentary
employing voiceover or titles, proposing a strong
argument and point of view.
MAPEH 507

3. Participatory Documentary – participatory
documentaries believe it is impossible for the act
of filmmaking to not influence the events that are
being filmed. Instead they emulate the approach
of the anthropologist: participant-observation.
MAPEH 507

4. Reflexive Documentary – these type of
documentaries draw attention to their own
constructedness, they recognize that even though
they are documenting real events they are still
making a film.
MAPEH 507

PHILIPPINE CINEMA
MAPEH 507
• Cinema is among the most metropolitan in
the world, as it easily adapts to techniques
and concepts from other countries while
breeding its home movie artists with
Philippine authentic cinema arts.
• • First moving pictures in country
introduced on January 1, 1897 at Salon de
Pertierra in Manila.
• • The movie house was along Escolta
which is Santa Cruz Manila now.

SPANIARD NAMED ANTONIO RAMOS
MAPEH 507
• Shot local scenes in the country.
• In this early stage of Philippine cinema
were mostly wealthy men from
Western countries and some Filipino
expatriates.
• Filipino filmmaker that broke this
pattern was Jose Nepomuceno in
1919.

JOSE ZIALCITA NEPOMUCENO
MAPEH 507
• Jose
Nepomuceno
• Considered
Father of
Philippine
Cinema
• •Started with the
hit silent film
Dalagang Bukid

WORK OF JOSE ZIALCITA NEPOMUCENO
MAPEH 507
• The Dalagang Bukid is the first
in Philippine Cinema art.
• The first sound film in the
country was shown in 1929.
Syncopation
• This film was from America.
• Shown locally in Santa Cruz,
Manila Dalagang Bukid

VISAYAN FILMS ACTRESSES
MAPEH 507
• Visayan Films
• Actresses such Chanda Romero, Caridad
Sanchez, Alma Moreno, Anabelle Rama,
Pilar Pilalpil. • Actors such as Tony Delgado,
Bert Nombrado, and Ber Lopez. • South
Directors Leroy Salvador, Fernando Alfon,
Talyo Bacalso, Sat Villarino, Gene Labella
and Emmanuel Borlaza. • In 1991 Visayan
film reached it’s peak with the film “Eh Kasi
Babae” hitting the mainstream big screen.

WOMEN IN PHILIPPINE CINEMA
MAPEH 507
• Considered as the jewels of Philippine
Cinema
• Women were the commonly the lead
actors in films. Country’s movie
industry, several honorifics have been
given:
• 1. Rosa Rosal The Original Femme
Fatale of Philippine Cinema.
• 2. Carmen Rosales The Original Queen
of Philippine Movies

ATANG DELA ROSA
MAPEH 507
• The Original
Queen of
Musical and
Theatre; and the
first movie
actress in the
country

MAPEH 507
• 4. Carmen
Concha The first
female director
in the country

MOST NOTABLE INDIE FILM IN LAST 15 YEARS
MAPEH 507
• Crying Ladies (2003) by Mark
Meily
• Magnifico (2003) by Maryo J.
delos Reyes
• Kubrador (2006) by Jeffrey
Jeturian
• Serbis (2008) by Brillante

HIGHEST GROSSERS LIST OF HIGHEST
GROSSING FILIPINO FILMS OF ALL TIME
MAPEH 507
•Starting Over Again (2014)
•Bride For Rent (2014)
•Crazy Beautiful You (2015)
•She’s Dating The Gangster
(2014)

ANIMATION
MAPEH 507

ANIMATION
MAPEH 507
Animation is the rapid display of a
sequence of images of 2-D or 3-D
artwork or model positions in order to
create an illusion of movement. The
effect is an optical illusion of motion
due to the phenomenon of persistence
of vision, and can be created and
demonstrated in several ways. The most
common method of presenting
animation is as a motion picture or

ANIMATION
MAPEH 507
Discovery of Name
"Animation" discovered
from the Latin name
anima, the "animating
principle", the vital force
inside every living

2D ANIMATION
MAPEH 507
figures are created and/or edited on the
computer using 2D bitmap graphics or
created and edited using 2D vector
graphics. This includes automated
computerized versions of traditional
animation techniques such as morphing.
2D animation has many applications,
including analog computer animation,
Flash animation and PowerPoint

2D ANIMATION
MAPEH 507

3D ANIMATION
MAPEH 507
3D animation is digitally modeled and
manipulated by an animator. In order to
manipulate a mesh, it is given a digital skeletal
structure that can be used to control the
mesh. This process is called rigging. Various
other techniques can be applied, such as
mathematical functions (ex. gravity, particle
simulations), simulated fur or hair, effects such
as fire and water and the use of motion
capture to name but a few, these techniques

3D ANIMATION
MAPEH 507

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
GODBLESS!
MAPEH 507

DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS.pptxDEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS.pptx

More Related Content

More from MJEsquilloLaygo (7)

Recently uploaded (20)

DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS.pptxDEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT ART FORMS.pptx

Editor's Notes