CESC Q1 LESSON 4 FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITIES IN TERM OF STRUCTURE, - Copy.pptx

FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITIES
IN TERM OF STRUCTURE,
DYNAMICS AND PROCESSES
TEACHER
MS. MA JESSICA ESQUILLO LAYGO
BULACNIN INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

STRUCTURES OF COMMUNITY IN
TERMS OF FACTORS

STRUCTURE: Demographics
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
Population
-total numbers of persons living
in the community
Density
-ratio of people to the space
they inhabit

FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
Heterogeneity
-extent to which community members
have diverse characteristics
Ethnic Groups in the Community
-a community or population made up of
people who share a common cultural
background or descent.

FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Names given to various parts of the
community
•Areas known for having their own
characteristics
•History of the area
•Changes and development in the
area

Why is demographics
important?

IMPORTANCE OF DEMOGRAPHICS
-its data can help provide a basis for understanding
communities as they are now, where they’ve been and
where they’re headed
- it can be a powerful tool for tracking change over time and
for uncovering the needs and the strengths of a community
to guide planning, policy development and decision making

STRUCTURE: Geography
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
• The community’s physical environment
•The community’s location and proximity to highways,
bodies of water, or mountains
BULACNIN INTEGRATED NATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOL

STRUCTURE: Geography
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Existence of recreational areas
•Concerns regarding
environmental hazards such as
pollution, power shortages,
among others.
BULACNIN INTEGRATED NATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOL

STRUCTURE: Beliefs and
Attitudes
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Cultural values, traditions, and beliefs of
various segments of population
•Spiritual and political values of the
residents
•Perceptions of residents as part of the
community
BULACNIN INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH
SCHOOL

STRUCTURE: Local Politics
FACTOR TO EXPLORE:
•Structure of government decision making power
and control major issues currently in debate
BULACNIN INTEGRATED
NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

STRUCTURE:
Local Economic and Businesses
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Businesses, factories in other sources of
employment that characterize the
community
•Nature of businesses (owned by local
residents or government)
•Employment profile of residents
•Adequacy of public transportation

STRUCTURE: Income Distribution
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Public assistance benefits available to residents
•Median income level of residence
•Income levels and corresponding percentage of population

STRUCTURE: Housing
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Housing conditions
•Population Density
•Types of Housing
•Ownership status

STRUCTURE:
Educational Facilities and Programs
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Education system
•Extent of community support
•Existence of public or private schools
•Adherence to intended curriculum of
the Department of Education

STRUCTURE:
Educational Facilities and Programs
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Attention to special population and to
cultural differences
•Extent to which education brings out
the best in the children
•Adequate preparation for adults to
enter the labor force

STRUCTURE:
Health and Welfare Systems
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Adequate number of heath
professionals and specialist
•Accessibility to area residents
•Social service programs

STRUCTURE:
Health and Welfare Systems
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Availability of fire and police protection
•Safety of the environment
•The residents view on public safety and juice system

STRUCTURE:
Sources of Information and Public Opinion
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Presence of TV and radio stations in
newspapers which provide the people
information and perspectives on current
events
•Community organizations capacity to
update residence on important
information

STRUCTURE:
Sources of Information and Public Opinion
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•The capacity of the sources of
information to enhance the
resident skills to promote positive
social change
•The presence of community
leaders who speak for various
marginalized subgroups

STRUCTURE:
Summary Assessment of Community Issues
FACTORS TO EXPLORE:
•Overall assessment of community’s
functioning
•Dealing with social problems (youth
gangs, poverty, and abuse)
•Gaps in social, healthcare, and other
community and educational services

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS AND
PROCESSES

STUDY OF COMMUNITY
-focuses on community power relations,
leadership, relationship and social change

COMMUNITY POWER RELATIONS
Community Power is the
capacity of community to
exercise control over activities
and seek ways to employ
available resources to establish
a stronger and successful
community

FIVE SOURCES OF POWER
FORMAL AUTHORITY
-power comes from the
holder’s position and duties
within organization

EXPERTISE
- power derives from the power holder’s specific
skills or expertise

COERCION
-power springs from the
power holder’s ability to
punish or penalize others

PERSUASION
-power flows from the power holder’s ability to
persuade or influence others

REWARDS
-power comes from the
power holder’s ability
to give something of
value

FIVE BASES OF POWER
JOHN R.P. FRENCH and BERTRAM H. RAVEN
- in 1959, these social psychologists identified five
sources or forms of power from which a person gets
power
These sources are now known as French and Raven’s
Five Bases of Power.

FIVE BASES OF POWER
REFERENT POWER
-It is also called as personal
power and the power of
personality
-This power comes form each
leader individually. It is the
personality of a person that
attracts the followers.

FIVE BASES OF POWER
LEGITIMATE POWER
-It is also known as position
power and official power
-It comes from the higher
authority.
It gives the power to control, to
reward and punish others

FIVE BASES OF POWER
EXPERT POWER
-It is also known as the power of
knowledge
-It comes from the expert
knowledge and skill
-The expert influences another
persons behavior

FIVE BASES OF POWER
COERCIVE POWER
-It is the ability to punish
others or to pose threats
to others.
-It uses fear as a
motivator

FIVE BASES OF POWER
REWARD POWER
-It is the opposite of
coercive power
-With the help of the reward
power, the leaders tries to
motivate the followers to
improve their performance

LEADERSHIP
LEADER
- generally defined as the
person who has the
responsibility of
controlling or taking
charge of a particular
group

IMPORTANT COMPONENTS IN IMPROVING
LEADERSHIP IN A COMMUNITY
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
An open line communication is
highly recommended for leaders
and their constituents
There should be free access to
important information concerning
social issues and public matters

DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL CAPITAL BUILDING
Developing a resilient capital is among the most
important contributors to successful community
leadership

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
•It is important to encourage
young leaders to participate
•Train younger generation of
leaders so that they are ready to
take over when the time comes

COLLABORATION
•It is necessary to collaborate across
and within the communities
•Leaders should learn to “bridges”
and cooperate across communities
•Develop networks among
community leaders within diverse
field

How is the word
relationship related to
success?

Success of a community will be more meaningful if
its members have harmonious relationships with
each other. This is vital for members of both
geographical and non-geographical communities. In
forming relationships, persons can give and receive
support, encouragement, phrase and information.
This can provide feelings of belongingness and
connectedness that most people seek in one way or
another regardless of one’s belief system, cultural
background and areas of interest.

CESC Q1 LESSON 4 FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITIES IN TERM OF STRUCTURE, - Copy.pptx

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