Driver Assistance Systems Automatic Cruise Control

Mohammed Hasham Chemnitz University of Technology Masters Automotive Software Engineering 2nd Semester

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Contents
Introduction Cruise Control Adaptive Cruise Control Modes of Operation

Working
Types

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Introduction
Driver assistance system description Assist drivers steering, braking and acceleration to: prevent drivers from exceeding the speed limit keep the vehicle at a safe distance from the vehicle in front stop and park the vehicle safely if the driver is unfit to drive

Driver assistance systems

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Introduction
What Is Cruise Control? Cruise control is a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle. The system takes over the throttle of the car to maintain a steady speed as set by the driver.

Cruise control set at 80km/hr

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Introduction
What Is Adaptive Cruise Control Systems? Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) .An enhancement to a conventional cruise control system which allows the system to automatically adjust the vehicle speed and distance to that of a target vehicle.

Example of Adaptive cruise control

Cruise control lever

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

ACC Video

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Operating Modes:
Speed control mode Follow control mode Acceleration control Deceleration control Slowing moving or stopped vehicle

Operating modes

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

System Configuration of ACC

Figure 5 : ACC Module

ACC system design

Actuators
Desired Control I/P

Physical Process

friction etc) Actual output (vehicle speed)

Reference Input (desired vehicle speed)

Adaptive Cruise Cont.

Sensed O/P

Sensors
Sensor Noise (wheel speed sensor, RADAR or LIDAR)

ACC signal flow

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

Types
RADAR and LIDAR:
These Sensors are ideal to measure distance from any moving and static object around the vehicle.

RADAR system on a car

LIDAR system on a car

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Types
RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging): RADAR main technical characteristics: Frequency: Range: Search Area: Speed measurement precision: Angular Precision: 76-77 GHz 1-150 m 12- 16 < 0.2 km/h < 0.3

Radar-based adaptive cruise control systems

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Types
The major components of a RADAR system are

Block diagram of RADAR system

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Types
LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) LASER main technical characteristics: Scan Frequency: Horizontal Viewing angle: Effective Distance range: Standard deviation distance: Eye-safe laser : 12.5 Hz or 25 Hz up to 240 field of view up to 40 m +/- 5 cm laser class 1

LIDAR-based adaptive cruise control systems

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Types
The major components of a LIDAR system are : Laser

The LIDAR obtains high-resolution range and velocity information from a frequency modulated-continuous wave (FMCW)
Scanner and optics

A hole mirror or a beam splitter are options to collect a return signal.

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Types
FUSION SENSOR

A prototype of a car with fusion sensor arrangement

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Types

Block diagram of sensing and controlling process

Seminar Automotive Sensors Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology

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Types

Detection of vehicle edges by the fusion sensor

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Future Technology
COOPERATIVE ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL [CACC] While ACC can respond to the difference between its own behavior and that of the preceding vehicle, the CACC system allows the vehicles to communicate and to work together to avoid collision.

CACC system

Under CACC, both the leading and following vehicles are electronically tied to a virtual reference vehicle, as well as to each other.
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References
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/cruise-control4.htm Cruise control - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia sunnyday.mit.edu/.../Adaptive_Cruise_Control_Sys_Overview http://www.wabco-auto.com/products_wabco/driver-assistancesystems/adaptive-cruise-control-acc Google images http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1kiyGd59Zk&feature=related Robert Bosch GmbH ACC MBD Associates. Presentation on Adaptive cruise control http://am.delphi.com/pdf/techpapers/2000-01-0345.pdf http://www.irisa.fr/lagadic/pdf/2000_its_langheim.pdf Willie D. Jones, Keeping cars from crashing. , IEEE Spectrum September 2001

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Thank You

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