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2G technologies like GPRS, EDGE, IS-95A, and IS-95B enabled lower data rates and primarily supported voice. 3G technologies like UMTS, CDMA2000, and HSDPA provided significantly higher data rates up to several Mbps, supporting new applications like video calling and streaming. 3G evolved from 2G standards like GSM and CDMA through technologies such as W-CDMA, enabling broadband services and multimedia capabilities for consumers and businesses on mobile devices.

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Vepin Vydula
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48 views

Final

2G technologies like GPRS, EDGE, IS-95A, and IS-95B enabled lower data rates and primarily supported voice. 3G technologies like UMTS, CDMA2000, and HSDPA provided significantly higher data rates up to several Mbps, supporting new applications like video calling and streaming. 3G evolved from 2G standards like GSM and CDMA through technologies such as W-CDMA, enabling broadband services and multimedia capabilities for consumers and businesses on mobile devices.

Uploaded by

Vepin Vydula
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2G-3G TECHNOLOGIES

Overview Of 2G

2G

TDMA

CDMA

GPRS
General Packet Radio Service
Packet based Data Network Well suited for non-real time internet usage including retrieval of email, faxes and asymmetric web browsing. Supports multi user network sharing of individual radio channels and time slots.

Variable performance

Packet Random Access, Packet Switched


From ~ 9 kbps min to max. of 171.8 kbps (in theory!)

GPRS Devices are divided into three classes:


Class A
Can be connected to GPRS service and GSM service (voice, SMS), using both at the same time.

Class B
Can be connected to GPRS service and GSM service (voice, SMS), but using only one or the other at a given time. During GSM service (voice call or SMS), GPRS service is suspended, and then resumed automatically after the GSM service (voice call or SMS) has concluded. Most GPRS mobile devices are Class B.

Class C
MS can attach for either GPRS or GSM services

About EDGE
EDGE is an expansion of the GSM/GPRS protocol to support higher data rates. EDGE is add-on to GPRS
Uses 8-PSK (8-Phase Shift Keying) modulation technique and modulation coding schemes at the physical layer. Offer data rates of 384kbps, theoretically up to 473.6kbps Uses Link adaptation algorithm for packet based radio system. Radio data rate per time slot 69.2kbps User data rate per time slot 59.2kbps

EDGE access develops to connect to 3G core

IS-95A
CDMA was commercially introduced in 1995 with IS-95A . IS-95A is the CDMA-based second generation (2G) standard for mobile communication. The following are the key aspects of this standard:
Support for data rates of upto 14.4 kbps IS-95A has been used exclusively for circuit-switched voice

Modulation technique used is BPSK

IS-95B(Cdmaone)
IS-95B or cdmaOne is the evolved version of IS-95A and is designated as 2.5G. IS-95B maintains the Physical Layer of IS-95A, but due to an enhanced MAC layer, is capable of providing for higher speed data services. The following are the key aspects of the standard: Theoretical data rates of upto 115 kbps, with generally experienced rates of 64 kbps

Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) as the Modulation technique used

CDMA 2000 1X

Supports theoretical data rates of upto 307 kbps, with generally experienced rates of 144 kbps Improves device battery life Code channels are transmitted at full data rates during a data burst Modulation technique used is QPSK

Why 3G?
Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer Video streaming, TV broadcast Video calls, video clips news, music, sports Enhanced gaming, chat, location services For business High speed teleworking / VPN access Sales force automation Video conferencing Real-time financial information

GSM evolution to 3G
High Speed Circuit Switched Data

HSCSD

GSM

GPRS

UMTS

General Packet Radio Service

EDGE

CDMA Evolution To 3G

IS 95B

IS 95A

1xEVDO CDMA 2000

1xEVDV

CDMA2000 3x

Overview of 3G

CLASSIFICATION OF 3G
3G

UMTS/W-CDMA

CDMA 2000

TD-SCDMA

UMTS
UMTS is the European vision of 3G.

UMTS is an upgrade from GSM via GPRS or EDGE.


Data rates of UMTS are: 144 kbps for rural 384 kbps for urban outdoor 2048 kbps for indoor and low range outdoor

3.5G
3.5G or HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) or HSPA is an enhanced version and the next intermediate generation of 3G UMTS.
It comprises the technologies that improve the Air Interface and increase the spectral efficiency

Supports data rates of the order of 21.1 Mbps.

CDMA 2000 3X Offers data speeds up to 2 Mbps Using QPSK as the Modulation technique

1X EV-DO
Supporting data rates of up to 3.1 Mbps Using a multi-level modulation format (QPSK, 8-PSK, 16-QAM) 1xEV-DV Forward peak data rate : 3.072 Mbps to 14.4Mbps Adaptive modulation and coding : QPSK, 8- PSK, 16-QAM

Speed and Services roadmap Of Networks


Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery
3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth and/or real-time QoS Broadband in wide area

Video sharing Video telephony Real-time IP A number of mobile Multitasking multimedia and games services are bearer WEB browsing Multicasting independent in nature Corporate data access Streaming audio/video MMS picture / video xHTML browsing Application downloading E-mail Presence/location Voice & SMS Push-to-talk

GSM 9.6 kbps

GPRS 171 kbps


CDMA 2000 1x

EGPRS 473 kbps

WCDMA 2-3.1Mbps Mbps


CDMA 2000EVDO CDMA 2000EVDV

HSDPA 1-21 Mbps

CONCLUSION
2G & 3G technologies have enhanced wireless communication.Mobile computing is rapidly becoming popular because of the data services offered through 3G and user demand for wireless applications is increasing

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