Lecture 1:
Introduction
1
Structured Programming
Language Lab
Lecture 1 : Introduction
Engr. Md Arif Hasan
Chowdhury
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering
C Programming Language
Mother language
System programming language
Procedure-oriented programming language
Structured programming language
Mid-level programming language
History of C
Language Year Developed By
Algol 1960 International Group
BCPL 1967 Martin Richard
B 1970 Ken Thompson
Traditional C 1972 Dennis Ritchie
K&RC 1978 Kernighan & Dennis
Ritchie
ANSI C 1989 ANSI Committee
ANSI/ISO C 1990 ISO Committee
C99 1999 Standardization
Committee
Features of C Language
Structure of C Program
/* Comments */ Comments are a way of explaining
what makes a program. The
compiler ignores comments and
used by others to understand the
code.
#include<stdio.h stdio is standard for input/output, this
> allows us to use some commands which Example Program
includes a file called stdio.h.
int/void main() int/void is a return value, which will be #include <stdio.h>
explained in a while.
main() The main() is the main function where int main()
program execution begins. Every C
program must contain only one main
/*This main Function*/
function. {
Braces Two curly brackets "{...}" are used to
printf("Hello
group all statements.. World!");
printf() It is a function in C, which prints text on return 0;
the screen. }
return 0 At the end of the main function returns
value 0.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello World!");
return 0;
}
C Programming
Lecture 4 : Variables ,
Data Types
Lecture notes : courtesy of Ohio Supercomputing Center, science and technolgy suppo
First Program
#include <stdio.h> Output :
int main()
{ Hello World!
/* My first program */
printf("Hello World! \n");
return 0;
}
C is case sensitive.
End of each statement must be marked with a semicolon (;).
Multiple statements can be on the same line.
White space (e.g. space, tab, enter, …) is ignored.
First Program
#include <stdio.h>
int main() Output :
{
/* My first program */ Hello World!
printf("Hello World! \n");
return 0;
}
The C program starting point : main().
main() {} indicates where the program actually starts and ends.
In general, braces {} are used throughout C to enclose a block of
statements to be treated as a unit.
COMMON ERROR: unbalanced number of open and close
curly brackets!
First Program
#include <stdio.h>
int main() Output :
{
/* My first program */ Hello World!
printf("Hello World! \n");
return 0;
}
#include <stdio.h>
Including a header file stdio.h
Allows the use of printf function
For each function built into the language, an associated header file
must be included.
printf() is actually a function (procedure) in C that is used
for printing variables and text
First Program
#include <stdio.h>
int main() Output :
{
/* My first program */ Hello World!
printf("Hello World! \n");
return 0;
}
Comments
/* My first program */
Comments are inserted between “/*” and “*/”
Or, you can use “//”
Primarily they serve as internal documentation for
program structure and function.
Why use comments?
Documentation of variables, functions and
algorithms
Ex) for each function, explain input and output of
the function, and what the function does.
Describes the program, author, date,
modification changes, revisions,…
Header Files
Header files contain definitions of functions and variables
Preprocessor #include insert the codes of a header file into
the source code.
Standard header files are provided with each compiler
To use any of the standard functions, the appropriate header
file should be included.
Ex) to use printf() function , insert #include <stdio.h>
In UNIX, standard header files are generally located in the
/usr/include subdirectory
Header Files
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include “mylib.h”
The use of brackets <> informs the compiler to
search the compiler’s include directories for
the specified file.
The use of the double quotes “” around the
filename informs the compiler to start the
search in the current directory for the
specified file.
Execution
Environment
Optionally
under control
of a
Debugger
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IDE
Integrated Development Environment
Editor
Compiler
Debugger
Ex: Clion, Codelite, Code:Bcloks, Sublime
Text,VSCode
MS Visual C++ Xcode
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