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Micro Controller

The document provides an overview of microcontrollers and microprocessors, detailing their internal structures, examples, and applications in embedded systems. It outlines criteria for selecting microcontrollers based on computing needs, availability of development tools, and reliability of sources. Additionally, it highlights specific examples of microcontrollers such as Intel 8051 and PIC, along with their features and capabilities.

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Syce
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6 views20 pages

Micro Controller

The document provides an overview of microcontrollers and microprocessors, detailing their internal structures, examples, and applications in embedded systems. It outlines criteria for selecting microcontrollers based on computing needs, availability of development tools, and reliability of sources. Additionally, it highlights specific examples of microcontrollers such as Intel 8051 and PIC, along with their features and capabilities.

Uploaded by

Syce
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microcontroller

Internal structure and basic


operation of microprocessor

Address bus
ALU Register
Section
Data bus

Control and timing


section Control bus

Block diagram of a microprocessor


2
Examples
• Intel 4004 – The First Microprocessor
• Intel 8085
• Intel 8086 – 386,486, …
• Intel Pentium – P4, P5, …
• Intel Core i3, i5, …
• AMD
• ARM
• Atmel
• AT&T
• Bell Labs …
• AMD
• ARM
• Atmel (now sold to microchip)
• AT&T
• Bell Labs …
Microcontroller
• Central core of microprocessor with limited capabilities of registers, memory
size, and speed.
• On board memory
• Several Timers
• I/O configurable ports
• Keyboard --- keypad, switch etc.
• Monitor --- LED, small display, buzzer etc.
Examples
• Intel 8051
• PIC
• dsPIC
• AVR
• SAM
Examples
• Intel 8051
• PIC
• dsPIC
• AVR
• SAM
Examples
• Intel 8051
• PIC -10, 12, 16, 17, 18, 24, 32
• dsPIC
• AVR
• SAM
Examples
• Intel 8051
• PIC -10, 12, 16, 17, 18, 24, 32
• dsPIC
• AVR
• SAM
Embedded systems
• Controlled by its own internal microcontroller/microprocessor
• The ROM is burned with specific functions needed for the system.
• Examples: Washing machine, ATM, microwave oven etc.
• Need of the embedded systems
• To decrease the power consumption and space.
• It is achieved by integrating more functions into one chip.
Choosing a microcontroller
• Every microcontroller has a unique instruction set and register set.
• Thus programs written for one are not compatible with other.
Criteria to select microcontroller
1. Computing needs of the task efficiently and cost effectively
i. 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit
ii. Speed
iii. Packaging - Number of pins,
type of package – DIP (Dual inline), QFP(Quad Flat)
iv. Power consumption
v. Size of RAM and ROM on chip
vi. Number of I/O pins and timers on chip
vii. Ease to upgrade to higher performance or lower power consumption
versions
viii. Cost per unit and number of units required
Criteria to select microcontroller
2. Availability of software and hardware development tools such as
compiler, assembler, debugger , technical support
Most of the times, third party vendor support may be better than
the manufacturer
Criteria to select microcontroller
3. Wide availability and reliable sources of the microcontroller.
PIC microcontroller
• PIC- Peripheral Interface Controller
• PIC- 8-bit microcontroller, 1989 – 8 pins
• Had small amounts of RAM, few hundred bytes of on-chip ROM for
the program, one timer, few pins for I/O ports

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