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Bandgap References

The document discusses bandgap voltage references used in analog integrated circuit design. It introduces that analog circuits require stable voltage and current references that are independent of supply and process variations and have a defined dependence on temperature. It then explains that bandgap references generate a voltage that remains constant with temperature by adding voltages with opposite temperature coefficients with proper weighting to achieve zero temperature coefficient. The document provides an overview of general considerations for references and different circuit implementations of bandgap references.

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725 views18 pages

Bandgap References

The document discusses bandgap voltage references used in analog integrated circuit design. It introduces that analog circuits require stable voltage and current references that are independent of supply and process variations and have a defined dependence on temperature. It then explains that bandgap references generate a voltage that remains constant with temperature by adding voltages with opposite temperature coefficients with proper weighting to achieve zero temperature coefficient. The document provides an overview of general considerations for references and different circuit implementations of bandgap references.

Uploaded by

kumarbsnsp
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bandgap voltage references in analog IC design

INTRODUCTION
Analog circuits incorporate voltages and current references extensively. Such references are dc quantities that exhibit little dependence on supply and process parameters and a well defined dependence on temperature. For example, the bias current of a differential pair must be generated according to a reference, for it affects the voltage gain and noise of the circuit Also in systems such as A/D and D/A converters, a reference is required to define input or output full scale range.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
SUPPLY INDEPENDENT WELL DEFINED BEHAVIOUR WITH TEMPPERATURE
PROPORTIONAL TO TEMPERATURE CONSTANT Gm BEHAVIOUR TEMPERATURE INDEPENDENT

CURRENT MIRROR CIRCUIT

Simple circuit to establish supply independent currents

Addition of Rs to define the current in a unique manner

Alternative implementation eliminating body effect

Addition of startup device to the circuit

Temperature independent references


How do we generate a quantity that remains constant with temperature? We postulate if two quantities having opposite temperature coefficients are added with proper weighting , the result displays a zero tc. For example two voltages vary in opposite directions with temperature we choose 1, 2 such that

Obtaining

Negative TC Voltage

Positive TC Voltage
It was recognised in 1964 that if two bipolar transistors operate at unequal current densities then the difference between their base-emitter voltages is proportional to the absolute temperature

Bandgap Reference

Compatibility with CMOS technology

References
Bandgap voltage reference including a process and temperature insensitive-Ricky F. Bitting Bandgap voltage reference-Behzad Razavi

Thank you

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