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Mekatronika 3 Sensor

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6 views22 pages

Mekatronika 3 Sensor

Uploaded by

Bronto Widodo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MEKATRONIKA

Oleh :
Liman Hartawan

Jurusan Teknik Mesin


Fakultas Teknologi Industri
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI NASIONAL
Sensor
Pustaka;
- The Mechatronics Handbook
- Introduction to Mchatronics and
Measurement Systems
Mechatronic System
Components
Pengertian
► Sensor is a device that when exposed
to a physical phenomenon
(temperature, displacement, force,
etc.) produces a proportional output
signal (electrical, mechanical,
magnetic, etc.).
► Sensor is a device that responds to a
change in the physical phenomenon.
TRANDUCER
► The term transducer is often used
synonymously with sensors.
► Transducer is a device that converts
one form of energy into another form
of energy.
SENSOR <=> TRANDUCER
► Sensors are transducers when they
sense one form of energy input and
output in a different form of energy.
► Ex. : a thermocouple responds to a
temperature change (thermal energy)
and outputs a proportional change in
electromotive force (electrical energy).
MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
► Linear/Rotational sensors
► Acceleration sensors
► Force, torque, and pressure sensor
► Flow sensors
► Temperature sensors
► Proximity sensors
► Light sensors
► Smart material sensors
► Micro- and nano-sensors
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(1/7)
► Linear/Rotational sensors
 Linear/Rotational variable differential transducer
(LVDT/RVDT)
 Optical encoder
 Electrical tachometer
 Hall effect sensor
 Capacitive transducer
 Strain gauge elements
 Interferometer
 Magnetic pickup
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(2/7)
► Acceleration sensors
 Seismic accelerometer
 Piezoelectric accelerometer
► Force, torque, and pressure sensor
 Strain gauge
 Dynamometers/load cells
 Piezoelectric load cells
 Tactile sensor
 Ultrasonic stress sensor
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(3/7)
► Flow sensors
 Pitot tube
 Orifice plate
 Flow nozzle, venturi tubes
 Rotameter
 Ultrasonic type
 Turbine flow meter
 Electromagnetic flow meter
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(4/7)
► Temperature sensors
 Thermocouples
 Thermistors
 Thermodiodes, thermo transistors
 RTD—resistance temperature detector
 Infrared type
 Infrared thermography
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(5/7)
► Proximity sensors
 Inductance, eddy current, hall effect,
photoelectric, capacitance, etc.
► Light sensors
 Photoresistors, photodiodes, photo
transistors, photo conductors, etc.
 Charge-coupled diode
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(6/7)
► Smartmaterial
sensors  Piezoelectric
 Optical fiber ► As strain sensor
► As force sensor
► As strain sensor
► As accelerometer
► As level sensor
► As force sensor
► As temperature  Magnetostrictive
sensor ► As force sensors
► As torque sensor
TYPES OF SENSORS CLASSIFIED
BY MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES
(7/7)
► Micro- and nano-sensors
 Micro CCD image sensor
 Fiberscope
 Micro-ultrasonic sensor
 Micro-tactile sensor
Another Classified (1/3)
► Sensors classified as passive or active.
 In passive sensors, the power required to
produce the output is provided by the
sensed physical phenomenon itself (such
as a thermometer) whereas the active
sensors require external power source
(such as a strain gage).
Another Classified (2/3)
► Sensors classified as analog or digital based
on the type of output signal.
 Analog sensors produce continuous signals that
are proportional to the sensed parameter and
typically require analog-to-digital conversion
before feeding to the digital controller.
 Digital sensors on the other hand produce digital
outputs that can be directly interfaced with the
digital controller.
 Often, the digital outputs are produced by adding
an analog-to-digital converter to the sensing unit.
Another Classified (3/3)

► Sensorscan also be classified as


passive or active.
 In passive sensors, the power required to
produce the output is provided by the
sensed physical phenomenon itself (such
as a thermometer) whereas the active
sensors require external power source
(such as a strain gage).
SELECTION CRITERIA
Static and dynamic factors must be considered
in selecting a suitable sensor to measure the
desired physical parameter.
► Range ► Zero Drift
► Resolution ► Response time

► Accuracy ► Bandwidth
► Resonance
► Precision
► Operating
► Sensitivity
temperature
► Zero offset ► Deadband
► Linearity
► Signal-to-noise ratio
Linear and Rotational
Sensors
► Contact
► Infrared
► Resistive
► Tilt (Gravity)
► Capacitive
► AC Inductive
► DC Magnetic
► Ultrasonic
► Magnetostrictive Time-of-Flight
► Laser Interferometry
Distance Measuring and
Proximity Sensors
Light Detection, Image, and
Vision Systems
Terima kasih atas
perhatiannya

L.Hart

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