Scribd
Upload
6 views

Conservation-of-Energy-A-Class-11-Overview

The document provides an overview of the conservation of energy, emphasizing that energy is neither created nor destroyed but transformed between various forms. It discusses practical examples of energy transformation, including roller coasters, batteries, solar panels, and nuclear power, while also highlighting real-world applications and challenges such as imperfect efficiency and entropy. Future directions focus on improving efficiency and developing advanced materials for sustainable energy solutions.

Uploaded by

neha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Conservation-of-Energy-A-Class-11-Overview

The document provides an overview of the conservation of energy, emphasizing that energy is neither created nor destroyed but transformed between various forms. It discusses practical examples of energy transformation, including roller coasters, batteries, solar panels, and nuclear power, while also highlighting real-world applications and challenges such as imperfect efficiency and entropy. Future directions focus on improving efficiency and developing advanced materials for sustainable energy solutions.

Uploaded by

neha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Conservation of

Energy: A Class 11
Overview
Energy is fundamental. It is neither created nor destroyed. Instead,
energy transforms between various forms. This principle underpins
much of physics and engineering. It impacts everything from
transportation to power generation.
What is Conservation of Energy?
Isolated System Energy Transformation Mathematical Rule

The total energy within an isolated Energy changes forms. It can be Mathematically, the change in
system remains constant. No potential, kinetic, thermal, or other system energy is zero. This
energy enters or leaves. forms. The sum stays the same. signifies constant total energy.
Potential to Kinetic: A Roller
Coaster
Peak Potential
At the top of the hill, the coaster has maximum gravitational
potential energy. This energy is stored due to height.

Kinetic Conversion
As it descends, potential energy converts into kinetic energy. The
coaster gains speed.

Height-Speed Link
This demonstrates a direct relationship between height and speed.
Higher drops mean faster speeds.

Minimizing Losses
Roller coaster designs minimize friction. This ensures most energy
converts into motion.
Chemical to Electrical: A Battery
Stored Chemical Energy
Batteries store chemical energy. This energy is released through
electrochemical reactions.

Electrical Conversion
This stored energy transforms into electrical energy. It then powers various
electronic devices.

Smartphone Example
Lithium-ion batteries in smartphones are a prime example. They provide
portable power.

Efficiency Variations
Battery efficiency varies. Some energy is inevitably lost as heat during the
conversion process.
Solar to Electrical:
Photovoltaic Cells
Sunlight Capture
Solar panels capture sunlight. These panels are made of
photovoltaic cells.

Electron Excitation
Photons from sunlight excite electrons within the cells. This
creates a flow of electric current.

Efficiency Range
Commercial solar panels typically achieve 15-22% efficiency.
This varies by technology.

Reducing Grid Dependence


Residential solar panels reduce reliance on the main
electricity grid. They offer energy independence.
Nuclear to Thermal to Electrical: Nuclear Power Plan
Nuclear Fission Turbine Rotation
Nuclear fission occurs in the reactor. This process The steam then turns large turbines. This
releases immense thermal energy. mechanical energy drives a generator.

1 2 3 4

Steam Generation Electricity Production


The thermal energy heats water. This The spinning generator produces electricity.
superheated water produces high-pressure Nuclear plants provide reliable baseload power.
steam.
Elastic to Kinetic: Bow and
Arrow
Elastic Energy Storage
When the bowstring is pulled, elastic potential energy stores. It's stored in
the bent limbs.

Kinetic Conversion
Upon release, this elastic energy converts. It becomes kinetic energy of
the arrow.

Efficiency Factors
Bow design and material significantly affect efficiency. Optimal design
means better energy transfer.

Energy Principles
This simple act perfectly illustrates energy transfer. It showcases
conversion from one form to another.
Real-World Applications

Hybrid Cars Hydroelectric Geothermal


Dams Plants
Kinetic energy from
braking is Gravitational Underground
recaptured. It potential energy of thermal energy is
converts into water is used. It harnessed. It
electrical energy for transforms into converts into usable
storage. electrical power. electrical energy.
Challenges and Limitations

1 2
Imperfect Efficiency Entropy Increase
Energy conversion is never 100% Entropy dictates some energy
efficient. Some energy is always becomes unusable heat. This is a
lost. fundamental law.

3
Technological Hurdles
Maximizing efficiency faces
technological constraints.
Overcoming these is ongoing
research.
Future Directions
Efficiency Improvements
Ongoing efforts aim to boost
efficiency. This includes solar cells
Advanced Materials
and next-gen batteries.
Research focuses on new
materials for better energy
storage. This includes batteries
Sustainable Practices
and supercapacitors.
Innovation in sustainable energy is
key. This drives a cleaner, more
efficient future.

You might also like