Tsunami also known as seismic sea waves and

mistakenly called “tidal waves” are a series of

enormous waves in a body of water generally in an
ocean caused by an underwater disturbance such as
earthquakes, landslides, and volcanic eruption.
What are the common
causes of tsunamis?
 EARTHQUAKES

Most tsunamis are caused by large

earthquakes on the sea floor when slabs of
rock move past each other suddenly,
causing the overlying water to move. The
resulting waves move away from the source
of the earthquake event. Tsunami force can
cause floor cracks or walls to collapse.
 Underwater landslides

Landslides can happen on the

seafloor, just like on land. Areas of
the seafloor that are steep and
loaded with sediment, such as the
edge of the continental slope, are
more prone to undersea landslides.
 Underwater landslides

When an undersea landslide occurs

(perhaps after a nearby earthquake) a
large mass of sand, mud and gravel can
move down the slope. This movement
will draw the water down and may cause
a tsunami that will travel across the
 Volcanic Eruptions

Tsunami initiated by volcanic eruptions is

less common. They occur in several ways:

• Destructive collapse of the coastal,

island, and underwater volcanoes which
results in massive landslides
 Volcanic Eruptions

Pyroclastic flows, which are dense

mixtures of hot blocks, pumice, ash,
and gas, plunge down volcanic
slopes into the ocean and push
water outwards
 Volcanic Eruptions

A caldera volcano collapses after an

eruption causing overlying water to
drop suddenly.
Examples of deadly
tsunamis
Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

Chile Haiti Indonesia

Japan America Solomon

 CAN WE PREDICT WHEN
WILL A TSUNAMI OCCUR?
Like the earthquakes that generate
most tsunamis, scientists cannot
predict when and where the next
tsunami will strike. But, the
Tsunami Warning Centers know
which earthquakes are likely to
generate tsunamis and can issue
tsunami messages when they think
a tsunami is possible.
WE CANNOT PREDICT WHEN WILL A
TSUNAMI OCCUR BUT WE CAN BE
PREPARED.
 WAYS TO BE PREPARED
FOR TSUNAMI:

Improving evacuation routes

Building tsunami evacuation

structures
 WAYS TO BE PREPARED
FOR TSUNAMI:
•Limiting new development in tsunami
hazard zones

•Designing, siting, and building

structures to minimize tsunami damage
 WAYS TO BE PREPARED
FOR TSUNAMI:
•Adopting building codes that address
tsunamis

•Protecting and strengthening existing

structures and infrastructure that if damaged
would negatively affect response and recovery
 WAYS TO BE PREPARED
FOR TSUNAMI:

•Moving important community assets and

vulnerable populations out of tsunami
hazard zones

•Planning for post-tsunami recovery

WHAT TO DO BEFORE
TSUNAMI?
 Check your house for any
potential danger and
vulnerabilities. Repair it to
lessen the possible damages
when a tsunami will strike.
 Regarding the other
important documents, do not
store them in the basement,
keep them on a higher level
and in a safe container.
Make sure that everyone in
your family knows the
evacuation plans.
If possible, train everyone in
the family on how to do first
aid kit and CPR.
Teach each member of the
family how and where to
shut off utilities such as
water, gas, and electricity.
If you notice these warnings,
listen to emergency
information alerts and follow
instructions from the
authorities and government.
Know and practice
community
evacuation plans.
Lastly, evacuate
immediately.
GO BAG
WHAT TO DO DURING A
TSUNAMI?
Don’t panic and think
properly.
If you are in the water,
then grab onto
something that floats,
such as a raft or tree
trunk.
 If you are in a boat, face
the direction of the
waves and head out to
sea. If you are in a harbor,
go inland.
 If you are outside of the
tsunami hazard zone and
receive a warning, stay where
you are unless officials tell you
otherwise.
Monitor the tsunami's
progress by listening to
emergency information
and authorities.
 If there is an earthquake
and you are in a tsunami
area, protect yourself from
the earthquake first. Drop,
Cover, and Hold On.
 When shaking stops, if
there are natural signs or
official warnings of a
tsunami, move immediately
to a safe place as high and
as far inland as possible.
 Watching a tsunami
could put you in grave
danger. If you can see
the wave, you are too
close to escape it.
WHAT TO DO AFTER A
TSUNAMI?
Place a HELP sign in your
window if you need
assistance.
 Be aware of secondary
effects. These include
landslides, contaminated
water, mudflows,
damaged bridges,
buildings, roads, and
other hazards.
 Return home only after
local officials tell you it is
safe.
Listen to local alerts and
authorities for
information on areas to
avoid and shelter
locations.
 Save phone calls for
emergencies. Phone
systems often are down or
busy after a disaster.
Use text messages or social
media to communicate
with family and friends.
Avoid wading in floodwater,
which can contain
dangerous debris.
 Be aware of the risk of
electrocution. Underground
or downed power lines can
electrically charge water.
 Do not touch electrical
equipment if it is wet or if
you are standing in water.
 Avoid the use of
contaminated water.
If you become injured or sick, apply
for first aid because medical
attention may be very busy after a
disaster.
But if it is too severe, contact your
healthcare provider and shelter in
place, if possible. Call 9-1-1 if you
are experiencing a medical
emergency.
Do not light matches or turn
on the lights or appliances
until you are sure there are
no gas leaks or flammable
liquids spilled.
 Document property
damage with photographs.
Conduct an inventory and
contact your insurance
company for assistance.
 KEY POINTS
•Tsunami is a series of
enormous waves in a body of
water generally in an ocean
caused by an underwater disturbance

•There are three common

causes of tsunamis:
•Tsunamis cannot be predicted
when and where they will
exactly strike but there are
signs that a tsunami is possibly
coming such as GROUND
SHAKING/EARTHQUAKE, LOUD
OCEAN ROAR, and UNUSUAL
WATER RECEEDING.
•Things to do BEFORE a tsunami:

- Check your house for potential

hazards
- Make sure you have a family
emergency plan and you know the
evacuation routes.
- Make sure you have GO-BAG
•Things to do DURING a tsunami:

- DON'T PANIC
- DROP, COVER, AND HOLD if
there is an Earthquake first.
- Listen to the authorities’
instructions.
.

•Things to do AFTER a tsunami:

-Place a HELP sign in your window if you

need assistance.
-Be aware of secondary effects.
-Avoid dangerous areas and do not touch
any electrical equipment.
.

•Tsunami force can cause floor

cracks or walls to collapse.

• Volcanic eruptions occur in several ways:

- Destructive collapses
- Pyroclastic flaws
- A Caldera volcano collapsing
.

•Tsunami force can cause floor

cracks or walls to collapse.

• Volcanic eruptions occur in several ways:

- Destructive collapses
- Pyroclastic flaws
- A Caldera volcano collapsing
.

• In the last decade alone, only

Indonesia ( 2004, 2005, 2006,
2010), and Japan (2010) are the
countries that caused deaths on
distant shores.
1. It is a series of immeasurable waves in a body of
water generally in an ocean caused by an
underwater disturbances.

a. Storm Surges
b. Tsunami
c. Blooms of toxic Algaes
d. Tropical storma
2. They are likely to generate tsunamis and can
issue tsunami messages when they think a
tsunami is possible.

a. National Emergency Hotline 911

b. DSWD
c. Bureau of Fire Protection
d. Tsunami Warning Center
3. It can cause floors to crack or walls to collapse.

a. Heavy Rainfall
b. Red tide
c. Tsunami Force
4. Tsunami initiated by are less
common.

a. Volcanic Eruptions
b. Underwater landslides
c. Earthquakes
5. In the last decade alone, deadly tsunamis have occurred in
Chile (2007, 2010), Haiti (2010), Indonesia (2204, 2005, 2006,
2010), Japan (2011), Peru ( 2001), Samoa- American Samoa-
Tonga (2009), Solomons (2007). Of theses, only what countries
caused death at distant shores?

a. Peru (2001) & Haiti (2012)

b. Japan (2011) & Chile ( 2007, 2012)
c. Chile ( 2007, 2012), Indonesia (2004, 2005, 2006, 2010) &
Solomons (2007)
d. Indonesia (2004, 2005, 2006, 2010), & Japan (2011)
5. Tsunami is initiated by eruption of volcanoes are less common
but they occur in several ways such as a caldera volcano
collapsing after an eruption causing overlaying water to drop
suddenly; destructive collapse of islands/ coastal and lastly

a. Pyroclastic flows
b. Unstable air
c. Vorticity
d. Condensation