PLASTIC AND ITS
EFFECT ON EARTH
AND LIVING
ORGANISMS
Group Members-JENISHA SHRESTHA ,
DIVYANI ADHIKARI AND SWEKSHYA SUBEDI,
JANNAT BISTA
INTRODU
CTION
• man-made or synthetic organic
compounds created from
polymers
• are combinations
of chemicals.
• discovered by: the renowned
german chemist christian
schonbein in 1846.
• derived from the greek word
“plastikos”.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITS EFFECT IN LIVING
TYPES OF ORGANISMS AND
PLASTICS
1) There are 7 common types of
2) EARTH
It has effected Earth and
plastics. living organisms.
RECYCLE, REUSE
AND REDUCE CONCLUSION
3) Recycling plastics are 4) Plastics can be useful as
well as harmful.
very important for
the earth.
0
TYPES OF
1
PLASTICS
BASIC 7 COMMON TYPES OF
PLASTICS,
Polyethylene
terephthalate
• A Thermoplastic polymer resin used in many
products, including clothing, bottles and
electronic components.
• It is strong, durable and has high tensile strength.
It is into acids, bases and solvents.
.
High-density
polyethylene
( HDPE )
• It is a petroleum based plastic that is
used to make many household items.
• It is strong and stiff.
• It is resistant to many chemicals.
• It is commonly recycled.
• It doesn’t release harmful fumes in the
environment.
Polyvinyl
chloride (PVC)
• It is a synthetic plastic that is used in
many products, including pipes,
window frames and packaging.
• It is toxic to health and the
environment at every stage of its
lifecycle.
• It can cause liver damage in a body.
LOW DENSITY
POLYETHYLENE
(LDPE)
• A softer, clearer, and more flexible
version of LDPE.
• It’s often used as a liner inside beverage
cartons, and in corrosion-resistant work
surfaces and other products.
• It is robust enough to be almost
unbreakable.
POLYPROPYLEN
E (PP)
• This is one of the most durable types of
plastic.
• It is more heat resistant than some
others, which makes it ideal for such
things as food packaging and food
storage that’s made to hold hot items
or be heated itself.
POLYSTRENE
(PS)
• Polystyrene is a synthetic plastic that's
used in many household items,
including packaging, food containers,
and disposable cutlery.
• It's also used in building materials,
electronics, and medical supplies.
• Polystyrene has a relatively low melting
point.
OTHER
• This category is a catch-all for other
types of plastic that don’t belong in
any of the other six categories or are
combinations of multiple types.
• We include it because you might
occasionally come across the #7
recycling code, so it’s important to
know what it means.
• The most important thing here is that
these plastics aren’t typically
recyclable.
HARMFUL
0
..
EFFECTS
2
ON EARTH
AND LIVING
ORGANISM
S
HOW PLASTICS
CAN HURT THE
ENVIRONMENT
Plastics can hurt the environment
in many ways:
>Pollution
>microplastics
>marine life
>ecosystems
>soil
>food chain
>human health
>livelihoods
>drainage
PLASTIC
POLLUTION
Plastic pollution poses a threat to the marine
environment.
It puts marine species at higher risk of ingesting
plastic, suffocating, or becoming entangled in
plastic pollution.
Research indicates that more than 1,500
species in marine and terrestrial environments
are known to ingest plastics.
It directly affects the millions of people
livelihoods, food productions.
EFFECT ON
LIVING
ORGANISMS
Plastics can significantly harm living
organisms, primarily by causing ,
ingestion, and disruption of habitats.
leading to injury, starvation, and
even death.
affecting marine life like birds, fish,
and turtles who often mistake plastic
debris for food.
chemicals within plastics can disrupt
hormone functions and potentially
cause health issues when ingested
by animals, including humans,
through the food chain.
ITS EFFECT ON
MARINE LIFE
Marine species are mostly affected
by plastics.
It causes internal injuries ,
blockages and starvation.
Due to this many animals die .
Plastics damage the sea.
Recent studies showed that an
over 170 trillion plastics particles
float in the world’s oceans .
The result is an estimated $13
billion in an annual environmental
damage to marine ecosystem.
• CHOKING • DAMAGING
WILDLIFE SOIL
EFFECT ON Plastic pollution Plastic can damage
can harm marine
EARTH IT EFFECTS life by causing
soil and
groundwater by
THE EARTH IN MANY WAYS : suffocation, leaching toxic
entanglement, and substances into
• Releasing
ingestion. • Threatening
the
toxic human
environment.
chemicals health
Plastic can leach Plastic pollution can
cause serious
toxic health impacts,
additives or including cancer,
concentrate cardiovascular
toxins and diseases, diabetes,
and
pathogens neurodegenerative
already in the diseases.
environment.
RECYCLE ,
0 REUSE AND
3 REDUCE
HOW
RECYCLING
CAN HELP
Reduces waste
EARTH
Recycling reduces the amount of
waste that goes to landfills and
incinerators. Recycling diverts
hazardous waste away from
landfills, which can release toxic
chemicals into the environment.
Conserves
resources
Recycling reduces the need to
extract new raw materials from the
Earth, such as minerals, fossil
fuels, and water.
Recycling lessens the need to cut
down forests, divert rivers, and
harm wild animals.
REUSE IT, SAVE
THE Reduces
EARTH! pollution
Reusing plastic can reduce
pollution by reducing the
amount of plastic waste that
ends up in landfills and
oceans.
Saves money
Reusing plastic can save
money by reducing the need to
buy new items. It can also help
the environment by reducing
waste and reliance on fossil
fuels.
WHY SHOULD WE RECYCLE?
WE SHOULD RECYCLE
BECAUSE IT PROVIDES MANY
BENEFITS TO THE
ENVIRONMENT.
IT REDUCES PLASTIC
POLLUTION . RECYCLING SAVES
PROTECTS THE ECOSYSTEM
ENERGY
AND WILDLIFE.
• Using recycled materials in
the manufacturing process
uses considerably less
energy than that required
for producing new products
from raw materials.
WHY SHOULD WE REUSE?
• Reusing plastic can help reduce our
environmental impact and reliance on
single-use plastics.
• While plastics are useful in small quantities,
our over reliance on single-use plastics has
created an environmental problem.
• Reusing items cuts down on resources and
decreases our reliance on single use items . Protects ecosystems
Reusing plastic protects
ecosystems and
biodiversity by reducing
plastic waste in oceans
and landfills.
WHY SHOULD WE REDUCE?
Plastic bags contribute significantly to
pollution.
They often end up in oceans and
waterways, harming marine life and
ecosystems. Animals can ingest plastic
or become entangled, leading to injury
or death.
Reducing plastic bag usage can help
Waste Management
decrease demand for these resources.
Plastic bags are often not
recyclable through
conventional means, leading
to increased landfill waste.
They can also clog recycling
machinery, making waste
management more
challenging.
How to reuse ?
Ways
● Reuseto save Earth● Reduce the amount of
old clothing, cloth
grocery bags, and waste you produce
containers ● Recycle items wherever
● Buy used items possible
● Reuse CD/DVDs for ● Conserve water
coasters ● Walk, bike, or take
● Use a powder bottle for public transit
a cellphone case when ● Eat sustainable foods
it's charging ● Plant a tree
● Use used cans to make ● Volunteer for cleanups
flower pots in your community
● Use long-lasting light
RECYCLI
NG IS
THE
RIGHT
THING
TO DO
0
CONCLUSIO
4
N
242,000,
000
Tons of plastic waste that were generated in 2016 only
25,0
00
Of plastic bottles is about
one ton of plastic waste
ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES
Plastic pollution is a global issue:
killing wildlife, contaminating our
oceans and waters, and lasting
far longer than it is used"
-LEONARDO DICAPRIO
REUSE PLASTIC
BOTTLES, SAVE
THE EARTH
THANK
YOU !!
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