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The document explores the concept of creative thinking, its definitions, and various approaches to understanding creativity, including mystical, pragmatic, and cognitive perspectives. It discusses the relationship between creativity and intelligence, academic achievement, and family influences, as well as the distinction between 'Big C' and 'small c' creativity. Additionally, it highlights the importance of social systems in defining creativity and the subjective nature of success.

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21 views

creative-thinking-b

The document explores the concept of creative thinking, its definitions, and various approaches to understanding creativity, including mystical, pragmatic, and cognitive perspectives. It discusses the relationship between creativity and intelligence, academic achievement, and family influences, as well as the distinction between 'Big C' and 'small c' creativity. Additionally, it highlights the importance of social systems in defining creativity and the subjective nature of success.

Uploaded by

anwaarft123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Creative

Thinking
The concept, scope and theory of creative
thinking.
* Creative personality.
Etimology
• Creare (to create); ‘krainein (to fulfill).
• 16, 17 & 18 century (sciences, art,
literature, poem, novel etc.).
• 19th century - Creatum/Create (to
produce/to make) – (the finished
product) vs (an ongoing process).
Creativity
Create > creativity; creative thinking
Creative thinking is “the ability to bring
something of new existence.” (Webster’s
Dictionary 1976)
“Creativity is the making of new and
rearranging of the old.” (Mike Vance, 1995)
“Being creative is seeing the same thing as
everybody else but thinking of something
different.” (Wycoff, 1995)
“Something or some process that is original,
novel, newly thought of, and in some cases as
being useful.” (Amabile, 1999)
“Looking at what everybody else is looking but thinking of what
nobody else has thought”
(A.S Goyrgy)
“Bringing together ideas that were previously unrelated”
“The process of producing something is both original & worthwhile”
(Sternberg, 1996)

“Bringing together ideas that were previously unrelated”


David Perkins (1996)

“An idea is creative if that person (the creator) could not have had
that idea before.”
Margaret Boden (1990)

“Creativity is the ability to produce work that is novel (original,


unexpected), high in quality and appropriate (Lubart, 1994;
Osche 1990; Sternberg 1999)

“Creativity is extra/ordinary, original and fitting, full-filling,


in(ter)ventive, co-coperative, un/conscious, fe/male, re…
creation.” (Rob Pope, 2005)
CREATIVE THINKING

CRITICAL THINKING

ORDINARY THINKING
Creativity approaches

• Mystical approaches
• Pragmatic approaches
• Psychodynamic approaches
• Psychometric approaches
• Cognitive approaches
• Social-personality approaches
• Confluence approaches
(Sternberg & Lubart, 1999)
Mystical approaches
• Associate to mystical belief and
spirituality; e.g. ‘Daemon’ inside
the writer’s pen.
• Creative person = empty vessel (a
divine would fill with inspiration).
• Without ‘scientific spirit’.
Pragmatic approaches
• Lacking of (or no) scientific study
(psychological theory) while focus
on the commercial success.
• e.g. Edward de Bono who concern
on the practice, not the theory,
Osborn (brainstorming), von Oech
(role adopting) etc.
Edward de Bono (1)
• Popular with ideas and concepts of
lateral thinking (vs. vertical
thinking), PMI, PO (provocative
operation = hypothesis, suppose,
possible & poetry), Six Hats (green
hat > creative).
• de Bono: Do not ever say TINA
(there is no alternatives).
Edward de Bono (2)
• Books:
– I am Right You Are Wrong (1990).
– Handbook for the Positive Revolution
(1991).
– Six Action Shoes (1992).
– Serious Creativity (1992).
– Sur/petition (1992) etc.
Psychodynamic
approaches
• Creativity arises from the tension
between conscious reality and
unconscious drives.
• However it is still lacking of
scientific spirit, more rely on case
study.
Psychometric approaches
• Unusual Uses Test, Torrance Tests
of Creative Thinking etc.
Cognitive approaches
Social-personality
approaches
Confluence approaches
Creativity exercises

• List 20 usages of:


• paper clip
• ball-pen.
• Anagram games.
Creativity & IQ
• Many creative persons have
average IQs; no correlation
between ‘intelligence’ and
‘creativity’.
Creativity &
academic
achievement (1)
• Extensive scientific studies since
1960s.
• Getzel & Jackson (1958, 1962):
High creative + high IQ =
‘overachieve’ for their intelligence.
• Influences of gender, SES, nature of
creativity & academic
avhievement, intelligence.
Creativity &
academic
achievement (2)
• Cicirelli (1965): The relationship
between creativity and academic
achievement was LOW.
Creativity & families
(1)
• Major scope of variables (time-base
development): Family tree/genetic,
family history (parental loss, family
crises etc.) and family climate
(parenting style etc.).
• No clear evident on heritability of
creativity.
• Writers, in particular, sought less social
companionship as children.
Creativity & families
(2)
• Family history findings: Father loss,
firstborn, humor and play at home etc.
• Family climate findings: ‘Unisex’ role,
distressful family, independence from
parent (especially mother) etc.
• Csikszentmihalyi: Even 20% females & 30%
males of subjects loss father, families
supported & nurtured children’s self-
confidence. Families families exposed them
to a stimulating & rich environment.
TYPES of CREATIVITY
H – Creativiti (C)
(20 – 40 years old)

S – Creativity (c)

Boden (1998)
• BIG C • Small c
• Sublime • Everyday
creativity creativity
• Kreativiti agung • Minor creativity
• Kreativiti
primer
FUNCTION of CREATIVITY

IDEA

DISCOVERY
INNOVATION
DECISION MAKING

INVENTION
PROBLEM SOLVING
Pseudo
creativity
SOURCES of CREATIVITY

• GOD
• Knowledge
• Experiences & skills
• Readings
• Environment
• Creative figures
3

2
1
Csikszentmihalyi: What we
call creativity is constructed
through and interaction
between producers and
audiences. Creativity is not
the product of single
individuals, but of social
systems making judgements
about individuals’ product.
The word success is an ambiguous word. Success with respect to
the outside? Or success with respect to oneself? And if it is a
success with respect to the outside, then how do you evaluate it?
Very often outside success is irrelevant, wrong, and misplaced. So
how can one talk about it? Externally, you may think I am
successful because people write about some aspects of my work.
But that is an external judgment. And I have no idea as to how to
value that judgment.

Success is not one of my motives. Because success stands in


contrast to failure. But not worthwhile effort in one’s life is either a
success or a failure. What do you mean by success? You take a
problem and you want to solve it. Well, if you solve it, in a limited
sense it is a success. But it may be a trivial problem. So a
judgment about success is not something about which I’ve ever
been serious about in any sense whatever.”
(Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, the Nobel laureate physicist; American;
he wrote The Mathematically Theory of Black Holes (1983),
Creative personality
(1)
• ‘Minnesota Multiphasic Personality’
by Frank Barron (1969).
• ‘The Psychoticism Scale of the
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire’
by Eysenck (1995).
• Robert Alan Black and 32 Traits of
Creative People.
Creative personality
(2)
• John Bardeen.
• Bill Gates.
• etc.

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