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The document outlines the principles and processes of risk assessment and management in health, safety, and environment (HSE) contexts. It emphasizes the legal requirement for systematic risk assessments, identifies various types of occupational risks, and details the steps involved in assessing and controlling risks. Additionally, it discusses the principles of prevention and the importance of involving employees in the risk assessment process.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views26 pages

2 ND

The document outlines the principles and processes of risk assessment and management in health, safety, and environment (HSE) contexts. It emphasizes the legal requirement for systematic risk assessments, identifies various types of occupational risks, and details the steps involved in assessing and controlling risks. Additionally, it discusses the principles of prevention and the importance of involving employees in the risk assessment process.

Uploaded by

Eagle Cool
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LECTURE 2.

RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

(HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT)

BACHELOR DEGREE
SUBJECT–HSE
TEACHER –GANIYEVA REYHAN
The Safety Work System – Part I

TARGETS
1.What are the main steps in risk assessment?
2.What are the principles of risk control?
3.What does a risk assessment involve?
4.What are the 8 principles of prevention?
Risk assessment and management

Risk assessment is a legal requirement for any hazardous work activity. Risk
assessment - this should be done using a 'systematic approach' - an approach based on general
principles. There are several stages of assessment. When carrying out the risk assessment
process you need to consider the following:
1. List work tasks/activities in this area;
2. Identify the risks that arise in the conduct of work
assignments;
3. Calculate the extent of the risk;
4. Assess the level of risk (taking into account existing control
measures);
5. Take note of the assessment (in many countries this is a
legal requirement);
6. Validation of the assessment
The Safety Work System – Part I

Hazard
Hazard is defined as "anything that has the potential
to cause harm" and or to "damage, death, illness,
injury or other loss causing potentially hazardous
conditions or dangerous work". Rotating equipment,
flammable gas, toxic gas, work equipment, indoor
areas, energy sources, etc. may be examples of
hazards.
The following main types of occupational risks at work are
distinguished

 Risks associated with working at height;


 Risks arising from work with electrical equipment;
 Risks arising from working with mechanical devices and equipment;
 Risks associated with working in high-hazard environments, such as hazardous
workplaces;
 Noise, vibration, dust, etc. risks associated with the impact of various factors on
human health.
Algorithm of risk assessment using the
matrix method
Step 1: Identify Step 2: Determine the
potential hazards in the probability of the risk- Step 3: Determine the
workplace(mechanical, taking place(previous potential harm(injuries,
chemical, biological and events or from the occupational illnesses)
ergonomic hazards) opinion of employees)

Step 5: Identify risk Step 6: Assess the


management effectiveness of risk
Step 4: Create a risk measures(safety policy, management measures
matrix training employees, and (additional measures
using appropriate
should be implemented)
equipment and materials)

Step 7: Repeat the risk


assessment
process(regularly)
The Safety Work System – Part I

RISK MATRIX
The Safety Work System – Part I

Risk is the combination of the RESULT of a potential accident


(death, serious injury, cuts, etc.) and the LIKELIHOOD of an
accident occurring (remote probability, true, almost certainly,
etc.). Take a spinning wheel, for example. This wheel could
cause death or serious injury. Although, the risk depends on how
confused the person is. If there is control of the machine, the
wheel is a "low risk" hazard, dangerous. If there is no control, the
wheel is considered "high risk" dangerous.
The Safety Work System – Part I

ACCEPTABLE RISK
The goal - is always to reduce risk in the workplace. But
otherwise, attention should be paid to the point at which risk is
reduced to an ACCEPTABLE level (e.g. by changing jobs).
Organisational risk from a practical point of view aiming to
reduce it as low as possible .
The Safety Work System – Part I

Risk Assessment
Just as we define many hazards, we must also define
them as "low risk" (where no major action is required)
and "high risk" (where immediate action is required).
By assigning a consequence and likelihood factor to
each hazard risk, we can compare the magnitude of
different risks by determining the product of the
consequence and likelihood ratings:
The Safety Work System – Part I
Risk assessment
The general approach should use a rating scale of 1 to 5 points. Here, 1 shows
the lower level of likelihood and result, and 5 shows the upper level. This
provides a risk scale from 1 to 25 (see below). How companies use rates to
achieve the stability they must instruct users on how to do so.
The above-mentioned method is intended for day-to-day risk assessment.
Relevance. Threats that pose a very high risk, especially serious ones, require a
more detailed risk assessment. In such cases, specialist advice is required.
The Safety Work System – Part I

It is possible to create a risk matrix based on agreed outcomes and


probabilities/likelihood for each activity level

Numbers Likelihood Result/Consequences


1 Rare Minor injury without wasting time
2 Unlike Damage and/or loss of time up to 3 days
3 Possible Reported damage/situation/and/or loss of time up to 3 days
4 Likely Huge losses/long-term loss of time
5 Almost certain Death
The Safety Work System – Part I

Calculation
We can set a risk threshold by using a scale of 1 to 25 (see diagram)

LikelihoodeLikelihood

Result
Low High
Low High
Low:
1 Medium
:2 High: 3

LIKELIHOOD
The Safety Work System – Part I

Risk assessment- general


The risk assessment must be "appropriate and
adequate" so that key hazards and emerging
hazards are identified and effectively addressed .
Assessments should be carried out under the
supervision of a competent person. The specialist
must have the necessary experience, knowledge,
and training. It requires time and a systematic
approach.
The Safety Work System – Part I

Risk assessment- general


Not all risks may be obvious, so it is important to
involve appropriate personnel in the assessment
process. Potential problems that are not obvious to
the observer (HSE worker) may be identified by
those doing the work. Better risk mitigation
decisions can be made by involving employees in
this process. This will also ensure that they comply
with the rules that have been adopted for the
control of risks.
Advantages of the matrix method:

Prioritisation. The matrix Objectivity. The matrix


Ease of use. The matrix method allows you to method is based on objective
method of risk assessment is prioritise risks based on their information about the
simple and easy to understand, level, which allows you to probability and impact of
allowing even non-specialists focus on the most important risks, which makes it a reliable
to use it risks method of assessment
Disadvantages of the matrix method

Simplification of estimation.
Limitation. The matrix
The matrix method does not
method cannot be used to
takes into account many
evaluate complex systems or
factors that can affect risk
multiple risks because it is
such as human factors,
limited by the risk matrix
unforeseen events etc
The Safety Work System – Part I

PRINCIPLES OF RISK CONTROL

Risk control is critical to maintaining and keeping a


healthy and safe workplace that complies with
applicable legal requirements. Once risks have been
analyzed and assessed, decisions can be made about
appropriate workplace safety measures.
The Safety Work System – Part I

PREVENTION PRINCIPLES
Commonly accepted principles of prevention are:

2. Evaluate Risks 3. Combat Risks' 4. Adapt the Work to


1. Avoid Risks
That Can't be Avoided Source the Individual

6. Replace the 7. Develop a 8. Give Collective


5. Adapt to Technical
Dangerous with Non comprehensive Protective Measures
Progress
or Less Dangerous prevention policy Priority
The Safety Work System – Part I

1. Avoid Risks
Logically, the most effective way of avoiding risk is to entirely eliminate
the hazard that gives rise to risk in the first place.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyANahuhGs0&t=142s
2. Evaluate Risks That Can’t be Avoided
When evaluating risks, it’s important to take a structured and collaborative approach;
communication between designers and contractors is essential if the risks are to be
adequately evaluated. Designers need to liaise with others to establish how different
aspects of designs interact and influence health and safety. Design reviews that focus
on health and safety issues, alongside other key aspects of the project, should also be
carried out.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NiIGNVG1_k&t=26s
The Safety Work System – Part I

3. Combat Risks' Source


Risks should be addressed, or dealt with, at the source. In other words, the
control measures should be close to the danger point and effective in reducing
the risk.
4. Adapt the Work to the Individual
Just like physical limitations, people have limits when it comes to their ability
to analyze cognitive data, such as instructions or instrumentation readings.
Monotonous work can be alleviated by adapting the design of workplaces, the
choice of work equipment, and the choice of working and production methods.
5. Adapt to Technical Progress
Technology continues to influence the modern workplace, so it’s important to
keep informed about the latest technical knowledge when selecting working
methods, equipment, materials and work equipment. In general, technical
progress leads to improved performance, better ergonomics and reduced risks.
The Safety Work System – Part I

6. Replace the Dangerous with Non or Less Dangerous


Commonly known as ‘substitution’, this principle involves reviewing the choices that
are available and then selecting the ones that either pose no danger to workers or
selecting the ones where the dangers are reduced. A broad sweep of hazards in the
working environment, the task, materials, plant, and tools, should be considered.
Substitution can also involve changing the proposed process.
7. Develop a Coherent Prevention Policy
This could cover technology, organization of work, working conditions, social
relationships, and more. This one speaks for itself but reinforces the fact that a company
needs to take control of the management of itself and not leave it to an external body or
consultant.
8. Give Collective Protective Measures Priority
Collective protective measures control the risks to more than one person and have major advantages
over individual protective measures. Personal protective measures rarely prevent accidents from
occurring. Instead, they may mitigate the outcome, but only if they are correctly fitted and worn.

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