Scribd
Upload
10 views20 pages

Control Charts Type 1 LMS 05052024 084150pm

The document discusses control charts, a statistical process control tool used to monitor and manage process variations in manufacturing. It explains the difference between common cause and special cause variations, types of control charts for attribute and numerical data, and the importance of subgroup size in data collection. Benefits of using control charts include examining process stability, understanding variations, and ensuring processes remain within statistical control.

Uploaded by

SUMAIYA OSMAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views20 pages

Control Charts Type 1 LMS 05052024 084150pm

The document discusses control charts, a statistical process control tool used to monitor and manage process variations in manufacturing. It explains the difference between common cause and special cause variations, types of control charts for attribute and numerical data, and the importance of subgroup size in data collection. Benefits of using control charts include examining process stability, understanding variations, and ensuring processes remain within statistical control.

Uploaded by

SUMAIYA OSMAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

CONTROL CHARTS

&
ITS TYPES

LECTURE # 2

PREPARED BY: Ms. SUMAIYA USMAN


Statistical Process control (SPC) is done on base of data being measure, the data is
generally the parts (output of the process), so we are try to controlling our output by
improving the process.
COMMON CAUSE VS SPECIAL CAUSE
Introduction
• During a continuous manufacturing process, we want to
know whether the process is in control or not and to know
if there is any presence of variation.
• Variation may be due to chance or assignable causes.
• Control charts help to detect the variation during a process.
• It prevents us from manufacturing defective product and
further.
• For example, variation can be in material properties,
improper test procedure, etc.
• Control chart was introduced by Dr. Walter A. Shewhart to
control and monitor the process variation. This chart is also
known as the Shewhart chart.
What is a Control chart?
• A control chart is a graph which displays all the
process data in order sequence.
• It consists of a centre line, the upper limit and
lower limit. Centre line of a chart represents the
process average.
• Control limits (upper & lower) which are in a
horizontal line below and above the centre line
depicts whether the process is in control or out of
control.
• Control limits are based on process variation
Acceptable.
• The primary purpose of the control charts is to
predict the expected product outcome.
• It is a statistical analysis tool. This tool shows
whether the process is in control or not.
• This is one of the important tools of the 7 QC
tools.
• The procedure or method of control charts is to
take samples from the process and detect the
possibility of the process being in control or out
of control.
Types of control chart
• There are various types of control chart used for
different types of data and for specific purposes.
Selecting the right type of chart is the first
priority.
• Attribute data – When your data is in the form of an attribute or
count form of data we will use control charts like
• P chart
• U chart
• C chart

– Attribute data are the number of defects, defective units, etc.


– Count of students at each division, good – bad, Ok – Not ok
• Numerical data – When your data is in the form of a continuous
type of data we will use control charts like
• X bar chart
• R bar chart
• S bar chart
– Examples like measurement of length, wght, temperature, etc
EXAMPLES

• Suppose in a bolt manufacturing industry, an automation


inspection examines samples of bolts for severe cracks that
make the bolts unusable. For each sample, analysts record the
number of bolts inspected and the number of bolts rejected.

• Another example, suppose in a beverage manufacturing


industry a quality inspector wants to investigate whether the
quantity of beverage is consistent over time. To collect data, a
quality analyst records the quantity from a sample of certain
bottles.
SUBGROUP SIZE

• During the data collection stage for analysis we


have to define the strategy for fix the sample
size or subgroup size. For further calculation of
Process variation the subgroup size is
important.
• Subgroup is when the multiple observation /
reading is collected closed together in time.
EXAMPLE
• In an auto parts manufacturing company,
sample of shaft’s and inspector measure the
diameter of shaft’s. For every 2 hour he
measures the 5 samples from the production
line. Now the data is being capture for calculate
the variation in process, so for this condition the
subgroup is 5.
EXAMPLE
If we take the oil canning company. They measure
the weight of oil cans. The samples of 10 cans
after every 30 min. Here the subgroup size is 10
for estimation of process variation
BENEFITS
• To examine whether the process is stable or
not.
• To understand the process variation over time.
• When you need to find out any variation occurs
and fixed it instantaneously.
• To find out whether the process is within the
statistical control or no
• A LCD manufacturer wants to monitor the
number of dead pixels on 21-inch LCD screens.
Technicians record the number of dead pixels
for each screen. Each subgroup has a different
number of screens. The manufacturer uses a U
chart to monitor the average number of dead
pixels per screen.
• A quality inspector at a packaging industry
wants to know whether the products are
packaged within weight limits or not. During a
process, he took a subgroup of 10 packets in an
hour and plots a control chart to monitor the
weight of a particular product.
• https://qualityengineerstuff.com/control-charts-
types-of-control-charts/

You might also like