TIDES
Watch the video
below. With a
partner, identify
the phenomena and
why it occurs.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
sMKvqMUZwV4
L.O.:
To describe the cause of
tidal forces on Earth
To present
measurements on a line
graph.
What Are Tides?
Tides are the daily rise and fall
of Earth’s waters on its
coastlines.
As the tide comes in, the level of
water on the beach rises, and as
the tide goes out, the level of
water on the beach goes down.
The sun ,earth and moon are
pulled towards each other
due to the force of gravity.
The earth takes one day to
spin once, and 1 year to
orbit the sun, and the moon
takes about 28 days to orbit
the earth.
Oceans cover over 68%of the
Earth’s surface.
The water on the Earth is
pulled towards the center of
the Earth by the force of
Key terms :
Sea level ,
high tide , low
tide.
How many
times are high
tide and low
tide
happening
during the
day ?
High tides are when the
water reaches its highest
point.
Low tides are when the
water reaches its lowest
point.
What
Causes Tides?
The gravitational pull from the
Moon, and the inertia (the
resistance of movement of water
on the opposite side of the moon
, cause the ocean and sea water
Since the Moon is close to
the Earth, it has a strong
gravitational pull on it
(closer objects have a
stronger gravitational pull).
The Moon pulls on the water on the
side nearest to it more strongly than it
pulls on the center of the Earth.
This pull creates a bulge of water on
the side of Earth facing the the Moon.
The water on the side of Earth facing away
from the Moon has a less strong pull and it
has inertia .
As Earth rotates, different places on the
planet’s surface pass through the areas of
the tidal bulges and have the change in
water levels.
The Earth rotates one full turn in 24
hours, so the tidal bulge is over a
single point on Earth is once every
12 hours and low tide of water
occurs 6 hours after high tide .
High tide
In places where there are
tidal bulges, high tide is
occurring along the
coastlines.
High High
Tide Tide
In places between the tidal
bulges, low tide is
occurring along the
coastlines.
Low
Tide
Low
Tide
Sun’s Gravity and Tides
The Sun is so large
that its gravity also
affects tides.
At times, the Sun and
Moon pull together on
Earth’s waters in the
same direction.
At other times they
pull in different
directions.
Think, Pair, Share:
Why does the Moon’s gravity
affect tides more than the
Sun’s gravity?
Even though the Sun is much
larger than the Moon, the
Moon is much closer to the
Earth than the Sun.
Changes in the positions of Earth,
the Moon, and Sun affect the
height of tides during a month.
Spring tides occur 2 times a
month, during a full and new
moon when the Earth, Sun, and
Moon are lined up.
Spring tides are higher and
lower than normal tides.
Spring
Tide
Low Tide
High High
Tide Tide
Low Tide
Spring
New Full
Moon Moon
Tide
Neap tides occur in between
spring tides, at the first and third
quarters of the Moon when the Sun
and Moon pull at right angles to
each other.
Neap tides are not
as high or low as
normal tides.
Neap
Tides
Third
Quarter
High Moon
Tide
Low Tide
Low Tide
High
Tide First
Quarter
Moon
Neap Tide
http://ww2.valdosta.edu/~cbarnb
au/astro_demos/tides/neap_sp.ht
ml
Spring and Neap
Think, Pair, Share:
Compare and Contrast
Spring Tides and Neap
Tides
“Strong “Weak
Tides” Tides”
On Saturday at the beach, the
water is highest at 11:15 a.m.
On Sunday, the water is highest
at 11:55 a.m. Why does the tide
come in later?
The moon has moved a little, so the beach
is closest to the moon at a later time.
Tides occur at different times each
day because the Earth rotates
more quickly than the moon
revolves around the Earth.
Study Jams Video
Tides are caused by Gravity
Tides pulling on the bodies of
water on the earth and upon
the Earth itself.
There are 2 gravitational
bodies that affect the tides.
The sun and the moon.
The Moon is much closer to
the Earth so it has a much
greater influence upon the
tides.
Notice that when the Earth, Moon, Also, when the Moon and Sun are at
and Sun are all in a line (Full and right angles to each other the high tides
New Moon Phases) the high tides are are lower than at other times. These are
MUCH higher than at other times. called NEAP tides
These are called SPRING TIDES
You arrive at the beach at
9:00 A.M. You lay a towel on
the sand, and then you run
30 steps to reach the
water’s edge. By 3:00 P.M.,
the water has almost
reached your towel. What
do you think happened?
The tide came
in.
You’re on the beach at
midnight. The moon is
right overhead. Is the
tide low or high? Why?
High tide because the
moon is closest as it
The diagram below shows the
possible positions of the moon
relative to the Earth and sun
during different tidal ranges. Use
the diagram below to answer the
questions that follow.
At which position would the
moon be during a neap tide?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
At which position would the
moon be during a spring
tide?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
The tidal range would be greater when
the moon is at position 3 than when the
moon is at position 4 because…
A. position 4 forms a 90°
angle with the sun and the
Earth.
B. position 3 is very near a
neap-tide position.
C. position 3 is very near a
spring-tide position.
D. position 4 is very near a
spring-tide position.
Tides Summarizer
Identify the causes of tides-
The ____________ attraction of the
_________ causes the oceans to
bulge out in the ________of the
moon. Another bulge occurs on
the opposite _______, since the
Earth is also being pulled toward
the moon (and away from the
water on the far side). Since the
earth is ________while this is
happening, two ______ occur each
day
LO1 - Identify the causes of tides- self assess
The gravitational attraction of
the moon causes the oceans to
bulge out in the direction of the
moon. Another bulge occurs on
the opposite side, since the Earth
is also being pulled toward the
moon (and away from the water
on the far side). Since the earth is
rotating while this is happening,
two tides occur each day
