J.B.

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(UGC AUTONOMOUS)
(Accredited by NBA & NAAC, Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUH)
Bhaskar Nagar, Yenkapally, Moinabad Mandal, R.R. Dist. Telangana, India. -500 075
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Major Project Presentation on

Electrical Vehicle Fast Charging Circuit Using Solar for Grid-to Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)
Operational Modes

Under the esteemed guidance of

Dr. T. Rajesh, M.Tech., Ph.D.
Associate Professor & Dean (Quality Development)

By
MANNE SAIKIRAN (21671A0206)
GUDELLI ANAND KUMAR (22675A0201)
JAMMA MAHENDER (22675A0221)
BOOSA KARTHIK (22675A0222)
 ABSTRACT

This paper presents a solar-powered EV charging system using Incremental Conductance MPPT for

maximum energy extraction. A 100AH battery charges efficiently via a boost and buck converter setup,

ensuring fast and stable charging.

When solar power is unavailable, the system switches to grid charging using a PR controller. A 400V DC

output, managed by an H-bridge rectifier and buck-boost converter, enables smooth power flow. Voltage and

current monitoring ensure safety, while IGBT switches (10 kHz) optimize performance. The system supports

on-board EV chargers for homes and parking spaces, promoting clean, zero-emission energy and reduced

grid reliance.
 1. INTRODUCTION

The solar-based electric vehicle

(EV) charging circuit operates in
three modes:

 Solar to Vehicle,

 Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V)

 Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G).
 2. OBJECTIVES

The primary objective of this

study is to design and simulate
a solar-based electric vehicle
(EV) charging circuit that
effectively operates in both
Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and
Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) modes.
 3. EV CHARGING CIRCUIT DESIGN (BLOCK DIAGRAM)

Important parts of the design are

4. CONTROL SYSTEM CIRCUITS FOR POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS

To give switching pulses to the power electronic converters, we need to track inputs and outputs and give
pulses accordingly, to the converters.

4.1. PV BOOST CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT :

This control circuit allows the boost

converter to regulate the output voltage
of the PV array effectively, ensuring that
the system operates at maximum
efficiency.

Figure : PV boost converter control circuit

4.2. UPPER-LEVEL CONTROL :

• This upper-level control circuit acts as a decision-making layer that determines when to charge or discharge
the battery based on SOC and user input.
• Mode: This input selects the operating mode, with "1" representing charging mode and "0" representing
discharging mode.

Figure : Upper level control

4.3. LOWER-LEVEL CONTROL FOR DC-DC CONVERTER :

This approach ensures precise control over

the charging and discharging processes,
maintaining stable operation for both the
buck and boost modes.

Figure : Lower-level control for dc-dc converter

4.4. BIDIRECTIONAL AC/DC CONTROLLER :

• Its bidirectional capability ensures efficient energy transfer for charging and discharging operations.
• The PI controller stabilizes DC voltage, the PR controller ensures precise current tracking, and Hysteresis
Logic manages switching for smooth G2V and V2G operations

Figure : PR controller for EV circuit configuration

 5. SIMULINK MODELING

The Simulink model of our project simulates an efficient power management system that connects a PV panel,
battery, and bidirectional converters. It works on 3 different modes

The three different modes of

Operations are

I. Solar-to-Vehicle.

II. Grid-to-Vehicle(G2V).

III. Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G).
Figure : SIMULINK MODEL
 5.1 SOLAR-TO-VEHICLE MODE :

• Electric vehicle charging with PV involves using solar

panels to generate electricity, which is then converted
through a boost converter to charge a 100AH battery at
400V.

• The voltage is stepped down using a buck converter to

match the 220V battery requirement. The Incremental
Conductance MPPT algorithm ensusre maximum power
extraction under STC conditions.

• When solar power is insufficient, the EV can be charged

from the grid using a PR controller and a bidirectional
DC-DC converter.
5.1.1 RESULTS FOR SOLAR-TO-VEHICLE MODE :

Figure : State of Charge of Battery

Figure : Battery Voltage and Battery Current
Figure : PV generated Voltage Figure : Pulses for Boost Converter at PV
 Figure : Voltage stepped by Boost Converter at PV Figure : Buck- Boost Converter is in Buck operation

• The system shows efficient power transfer from the PV panel to the battery, even under varying solar irradiance
conditions.
• The MPPT algorithm successfully tracks the maximum power point, ensuring the best utilization of available solar
energy.
5.2 GRID-TO-VEHICLE(G2V) MODE :

• Electric vehicle charging with the grid

occurs when solar power is unavailable.

• The grid supplies 400V DC through an H-

bridge rectifier connected to a bidirectional

DC-DC converter.

• During charging, grid voltage and current

are in phase.
5.2.1 RESULTS FOR GRID-TO-VEHICLE(G2V) MODE:

Figure : State of Charge of Battery

Figure : Battery Voltage and Battery Current
 Figure : Grid voltage and Grid Current. Figure : Pulses for S1,S3 or S2,S4.

• The simulation confirms that the system can reliably charge the battery using grid power, ensuring continuous

operation even during low solar generation periods.

• The Bidirectional AC-DC Converter ensures high power conversion efficiency with minimal losses.
5.3 VEHICLE-TO-GRID(V2G) MODE :

• The system utilizes a bidirectional DC-DC

converter and an H-bridge rectifier to convert
the battery’s DC power to AC, ensuring
compatibility with grid requirements.
• During V2G operation, the grid voltage and
current are intentionally made out of phase,
indicating reverse power flow from the vehicle
to the grid.
5.3.1 RESULTS FOR VEHICLE-TO-GRID(V2G) MODE :

Figure : State of Discharge of Battery.

Figure : Battery Voltage and Battery Current
 Figure : Grid voltage and Grid Current.

• The simulation demonstrates efficient power transfer from the battery to the grid, proving the system’s
capability to function as a reliable energy supplier.
• The power injection process is stable and well-regulated, minimizing disturbances to the grid.
 CONCLUSIONS

• The proposed solar-based electric vehicle (EV) charging circuit successfully integrates Solar-to-Vehicle, Grid-

to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) operations, enhancing energy efficiency and grid stability.

• The Incremental Conductance MPPT algorithm effectively extracts maximum power from the solar PV panel

under standard conditions, while the boost and buck converters ensure appropriate voltage levels for efficient

battery charging.

• The system demonstrates clean energy usage, reduced grid dependency, and effective power transfer between

the grid and vehicle.

 FUTURE SCOPE

• Enhancing integration with smart grids to enable efficient energy management through seamless

communication between electric vehicles, charging stations, and the power grid.

• Developing advanced control strategies utilizing artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve

the efficiency and reliability of Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) operations.

• Improving energy storage systems by incorporating high-efficiency batteries and hybrid systems to

enhance power density, cycle life, and overall performance during V2G operations.

• Exploring the integration of microgrids to support localized energy networks, enhancing reliability and

resilience.
 REFERENCES

1. Pavan Bhosale, Sujil A, Rajesh Kumar” Electric Vehicle Charging Station Design for V2G and G2V Operation”
023 4th International Conference for Emerging Technology (INCET) Belgaum, India. May 26-28, 2023.

2. Bhim Singh, Anjeet Verma, A. Chandra and Kamal Al-Haddad, “Implementation of Solar PV-Battery and Diesel
Generator Based Electric Vehicle Charging Station,” in IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics,
Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2018.

3. M. C. Kisacikoglu, B. Ozpineci, and L. M. Tolbert, “EV/PHEV bidirectional charger assessment for V2G
reactive power operation,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 5717–5727, Dec. 2013.
THANK YOU
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