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System software

The document provides an overview of computer software, categorizing it into system software and application software, and detailing the functions of system software, particularly the operating system (OS). It explains the core tasks of an OS, including processor, memory, device, and storage management, as well as user and application interfaces. Additionally, it discusses various types of operating systems and system utilities essential for effective computer management.

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12 views33 pages

System software

The document provides an overview of computer software, categorizing it into system software and application software, and detailing the functions of system software, particularly the operating system (OS). It explains the core tasks of an OS, including processor, memory, device, and storage management, as well as user and application interfaces. Additionally, it discusses various types of operating systems and system utilities essential for effective computer management.

Uploaded by

Itx Thiago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

COMPUTER SOFTWARE

ODBF, ODIRM, ODTM,ODAC & ODSP

Course Instructor: Mutama, S 1


Software
• Software are programs, with instructions which guide the
computer to performing tasks that are associated with using
and controlling hardware. Generally, software exists on storage
media.
• Overall, a software is one of the major intangible components
of any information technology systems; they are so created to
aid us in performing tasks using the computer as well as using
hardware features and functions to assist us.
• Therefore, based on our needs, software is categorized as
either:
o System software : –interfaces (acts as a means of
communication) between the user, the applications, and
the hardware of a computer system

o Application software :- consist of functions that perform


specific or human related tasks for us users
Software
Types of Software

System Software
Programming software
Application Software
Open source software (OSS)
Proprietary software
System Software
System software
System software consists of all the programs that
enable the computer and its peripheral devices to
function smoothly.
It refers to any computer software which
manages and controls the hardware so
that application works
• System software include:
– The operating system (OS)
– System utility programs
– Compiler
– Interpreter. 6
System Software
• System Software
– Enables application software to interact with the
computer
– Helps the computer to manage its own internal and
external resources
• System Software (Operating System)
– Must be installed before application software
– Operating System (OS) options for the PC
• Linux
• Windows
• Unix
– Operating System (OS) options for the Mac
• Mac OS

1-7
Operating System
Operating System:
 Operating System is a software, which makes
a computer to actually work.

 It is the software that enables all the programs


we use.

 The OS organizes and controls the hardware.

 OS acts as an interface between the


application programs and the machine
hardware.

 Examples: Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac


OS,Android etc.,
The Operating System
• Management of the
resources of a computer are
performed by the
computer’s operating system
(OS).
• The coordination of the
functions of a computer’s
hardware is the prime
responsibility of the
operating system.
10
Core Tasks of an OS

1. Processor management
2. Memory management
3. Device management
4. Storage management
5. Application Interface
6. User Interface
Processor Management

• Various programs compete for the attention


of the microprocessor.
• The OS plays the role of the honest referee,
making sure that each application gets the
necessary attention required for its proper
execution.
• It tries to optimally manages the limited
processing capacity of the microprocessor to
the greatest good of all the users & apps
Memory Management
• The OS ensures that:
o OS keeps track of memory locations to
prevent programs and data from
overlapping each other
oapplications do not run into other
application’s private memory.
oSwaps portions of programs and data into
the same memory but at different times
oKeeps track of virtual memory
Storage Management
• A file system is a collection of directories,
subdirectories, and files organized in a logical
order
• The OS is responsible for maintaining the file
system through indexing of filenames and their
disk location.
• The OS can find any file in a logical and timely
fashion
Device Management
• Applications talk to devices through the OS and OS talks to
and manages devices through device drivers
• Device Drivers are specialized software programs that allow
input and output devices to communicate with the rest of the
OS
– They help the computer to control peripheral devices
– When you get a brand-new printer or monitor, you may
also need to install the device driver for it
Example: When we print to a laser printer, we do not need to
know its details. All we do is to tell the printer device driver
about what needs to be printed and it takes care of the details
• Device drivers come with new hardware, or download from
the manufacturer’s website, or sites like
www.driverguide.com or www.windrivers.com
Application Interface
User Interface
Users communicate with the computer using a
consistent user interface provided by the OS

This user interface can be a command-line interface


in which a user types in the commands.

Or, it can be a graphical UI, where Windows, Icons,


Menus, and a Pointing device (such as a mouse) is
used to receive and display information.
Types of Operating Systems
Classification according to type of computers and
applications they support
oReal-Time Operating System (RTOS)
oSingle-User, Single Task
oSingle-User, Multi-Tasking
oMulti-User
RTOS
• Used to run computers embedded in
machinery, robots, scientific instruments and
industrial systems
• An important part of an RTOS is managing the
resources of the computer so that a particular
operation executes in precisely the same
amount of time every time it occurs
• Examples: QNX, Real-time Linux
Single-User, Single Task
Single-User, Multi-Tasking
Multi-User
Common Operating Systems
•Personal
Computers(PC)
•Mobile phones
Personal Computer (PC)
Operating Systems
•Microsoft OS
•Linux OS
•MAC OS
Microsoft
Operating Systems
Linux Operating Systems

Mac
Operating Systems
Mobile Operating Systems
Utilities
System Utilities:
Housekeeping Tools
• System utilities (utility programs) are system
software programs that are essential to
effective management of the computer
system.
• System utilities include software that
performs such tasks as backing up files,
providing antivirus protection, and
compressing files.

30
Utilities
Service programs that perform tasks related to the
control and allocation of computer resources
Some come with the OS, others can be bought separately
like
Norton System Works, McAfee Utilities
Practical Utility programs perform the following tasks
Virus protection
Data compression
Disk scanner & disk cleanup
Backup
Data recovery

3-31
The end
Thanks for your
patience!!

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